Double Jeopardy Midterm December, 2015, Review
Kingdoms &
Life
Cells
Cell Energy
Transport
DNA
structure
$200
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FINAL ROUND
SWK/Life:
$200 Question
What is the difference between everyday
use of the word theory versus the scientific
use of the word theory.?
ANSWER
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SWK/Life:
$200 Answer
In everyday language, “theory” refers to an
idea that has not been tested and is not
supported by evidence; in science,
“theory” refers to an idea that has been
tested many times by many scientists
and is supported by abundant, replicable
evidence.
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SWK/Life:
$400 Question
All of the chemical reactions and energy
conversions in an organism.
ANSWER
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SWK/Life:
$400 Answer
Metabolism—the term metabolism also
means all of the chemical reactions of a
cell, some of which are energy releasing
(exothermic) and some of which are
energy absorbing (endothermic)
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SWK/Life:
$600 Question
The genetically-controlled and predictable
changes that occur between birth and
death.
ANSWER
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SWK:
$600 Answer
Growth and development
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SWK/Life:
$800 Question
The two kingdoms that contain cells
having neither a nucleus or membrane
bound organelles.
ANSWER
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SWK/Life:
$800 Answer
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
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SWK/Life:
$1000 Question
The kingdom containing organisms with
eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells
contain neither chloroplasts, large
central vacuoles, nor cell walls.
ANSWER
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SWk/Life:
$1000 Answer
Animalia (animal)
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Cells:
$200 Question
This is the part of autotrophic eukaryotic
cells where photosynthesis occurs.
ANSWER
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Cells:
$200 Answer
chlorophlasts
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Cells:
$400 Question
The part of a cell that provides a
framework for it’s shape, allows it to
move, and provides a system of
highways along which transport vesicles
and organelles are moved through the
cytoplasm.
ANSWER
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Cells:
$400 Answer
cytoskeletal proteins in the cytoplasm
(and for cell movement, also those in the
flagella and cilia of some cells)
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Cells:
$600 Question
The organelle located inside the nucleus
and is where ribosomes are made.
ANSWER
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Cells:
$600 Answer
nucleolus
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Cells:
$800 Question
The names of three organelles that are
directly involved in protein synthesis,
modification and transport.
ANSWER
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Cells:
$800 Answer
1st the ribosome translates the messenger
RNA,
2nd the rough endoplasmic reticulum
packages some proteins into transport
vesicles that will either be shipped to
other organelles or to the golgi,
3rd some of the proteins in the RER
produced transport vesicles are further
processed in the golgi so that they will
exit the cell via exocytosis
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Cells:
$1000 Question
The major differences between plant and
animal cells. Also, the differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
ANSWER
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DNA:
$1000 Answer
Plant / Animal – Cell wall, chloroplast,
central vacuole.
Pro/Eu - Nucleus.
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Cell Energy:
$200 Question
What is the powerhouse of the cell? What
does it make?
ANSWER
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Cell Energy:
$200 Answer
Mitochondria - ATP
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Cell Energy:
$400 Question
Describe how ATP acts like a battery.
ANSWER
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Cell Energy:
$400 Answer
ATP  energy for cell work & some heat
+
ADP + phosphate
ADP + phosphate + energy released
from organic compounds during cell
respiration  ATP
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Cell Energy:
$600 Question
This is the balanced chemical equation for
cellular respiration.
ANSWER
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Cell Energy:
$600 Answer
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 34ATP + some heat
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Cell Energy:
$800 Question
Which phase of the process of
photosynthesis splits water to release
oxygen? _____ Which phase absorbs
Carbon dioxide, then uses it to build
carbohydrates? ______
ANSWER
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Cell Energy:
$800 Answer
Light dependent phase in thylakoids slits
water, releases oxygen gas, loads
energy rich electrons onto electron
carrier NADP+, and traps energy of
sunlight in ATP
Light independent/dark reactions/calvin
cycle in stroma use energy of ATP,
electrons and protons of NADPH, and
Carbon dioxide to build sugars
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Cell Energy
$1000
This is why photosynthesis and cellular
respiration are complimentary
processes.
ANSWER
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Cell Energy
$1000
Products are reactants, reactants are
products.
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Transport:
$200 Question
This is the passive transport of water
across a membrane.
ANSWER
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Transport:
$200 Answer
Osmosis
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Transport:
$400 Question
These are the “confused” molecules that
make up most of the cell membrane.
Why are they confused?
ANSWER
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Transport:
$400 Answer
Phospholipids – polar heads and bipolar
tails.
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Transport:
$600 Question
These are molecules that allow
substances to pass through the
membrane when polar or large.
ANSWER
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Transport:
$600 Answer
Protein channels.
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Transport:
$800 Question
What type of solution has 65% solute
outside and 65% water inside the cell?
ANSWER
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Transport:
$800 Answer
Hypertonic
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Transport:
$1000 Question
These are the characteristics of life directly
supported by cellular transport.
ANSWER
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Transport:
$1000 Answer
Homeostasis, metabolism.
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DNA:
$200 Question
This scientist used x-rays to take a picture
of DNA.
ANSWER
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DNA:
$200 Answer
Rosalind Franklin
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DNA / Protein Synth:
$400 Question
What scientist contributed the knowledge
that showed %C =%G, while %A=%T?
ANSWER
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DNA:
$400 Answer
Chargaff isolated DNA, then analyzed it biochemically.
He found that the DNA contained nitrogenous bases
A, T, C, and G, the four of which comprised 100% of
the Nitrogenous bases in DNA. He also found that if
C is present at 30%, then G is present at 30%, and T
will be present at 20% and A at 20%.
BACK TO GAME
DNA:
$600 Question
Compare and contrast the structures of
DNA and RNA.
ANSWER
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DNA:
$600 Answer
DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA-ribonucleic acid
Monomers—deoxyribonucleotides
having the sugar deoxyribose,
phosphate, and nitrogenous base
Monomers—ribonucleotides having
the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate,
and nitrogenous base
Nitrogenous bases: A T C G
Nitrogenous bases: A U C G
Double stranded
Single stranded
One type
Several types, including mRNA,
tRNA, rRNA
Contains introns in eukaryotes
Does not contain introns
Made by replication
Made by transcription
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DNA:
$800 Question
This is a description of the connection
between DNA and proteins.
ANSWER
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DNA:
$800 Answer
DNA is read by RNA polymerase to make
a complimentary mRNA strand which is
then read by ribosomes to match tRNA
in a sequence that will make the correct
order of amino acids to build a specific
protein.
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DNA:
$1000 Question
These are the two types of DNA mutations
we studied and the level of impact they
have on an organism.
ANSWER
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DNA:
$1000 Answer
Substitution and insertion/deletion.
Substitution (usually) has a smaller impact on an
organism because it only changes one codon and one
amino acid in a protein.
Insertion/deletion causes a frameshift which changes all
the amino acids in a protein.
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
Explain the difference between an
“expressed mutation” and a silent
mutation.
ANSWER
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FINAL ROUND Question
Silent mutations
Expressed mutations
Either result from changes in sequence
in DNA lying between genes OR lying
within noncoding introns of genes
OR
Result from changes in DNA sequence
that alter the amino acid coding of the
gene. So, the protein coded has the
wrong amino acid sequence and
therefore also the wrong shape and
altered function.
Due to substitution mutations that
switch one codon for another codon that
codes for the same amino acid.
Some expressed mutations affect noncoding parts
of genes involved in regulating which cells express
the gene, when cells make the protein, or how much
protein they make.
In either case, then change in DNA
does not result in the amino acid
sequence of a protein; so the protein
coded by the gene experiences no
change in shape or function.
BACK TO GAME
$2000 question
Compare and contrast prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells. List at least 4
similarities and 4 differences.
ANSWER
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FINAL
ROUND QuestionEukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Evolutionarily older—the
ancestors of eukaryotes
Evolutionarily newer—
descendents of prokaryotes
•No nucleus
•Nucleus
•Smaller and simpler cells
•Larger and more complex
cells
•No membrane bound
organelles
Example: Eubacteria and
Archaebacteria
•Have membrane bound
organelles
Examples:
•Plants
•Animals
•Fungi
•Protists
Both
Grow & develop
•Living things
Made of cells
•DNA is genetic or
hereditary
•Ribosomes
•Cytoplasm
•Cell membrane
carry out metabolism
Reproduce by division
Respond to stimuli
Maintain homeostasis
Adapt, evolve
ANSWER
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