World Civ
World War I Study Guide
Name:____________________________
Chapter 12 Section 1 (p. 378-384)
1. In 1914 the tensions in Europe began to rise because of _________________________, ________________________,
______________________________, and _____________________________.
2. A massive military build-up that occurred across Europe during the late 1800s and early 1900s is
called __________________________________.
3. The Triple Alliance consisted of which three nations: _______________________________,
_______________________________, and _______________________________
4. The Triple Entente consisted of which three nations: _______________________________,
_______________________________, _______________________________
5. The archduke of Austria-Hungary on June 28, 1914 was ____________________________ and he was
assassinated by __________________________________ in the Bosnian city of ____________________________.
6. When the war broke out in Europe, the Germans used a strategy called the
__________________________________ to be able to quickly fight a war on multiple fronts.
7. A country that takes no side during a conflict
8. Germany and her allies during World War I were known as the __________________________ Powers.
9. France and her allies during World War I were known as the ___________________________ Powers.
10. By the end of 1914, World War I had become a bloody __________________________.
11. World War I was also known as the _____________________________ War.
12. During the Battle of Marne, the Germans started using a style of warfare called _________________________
warfare.
13. The region in Northern France where the war became deadlocked was called the
___________________________ Front.
Key Terms for Section 1
Triple Alliance, Triple Entente, Franz Ferdinand, Gavrillo Princip, neutral, Central Powers, Allied Powers,
Western Front
World Civ
World War I Study Guide
Name:____________________________
Chapter 12 Section 2 (p. 385-390)
1. World War I saw the development of new technologies such as ____________________________, which was a
response to the deadlock in the war.
2. __________________________________________ was a warfare style that included fighting from trenches.
3. Some of new weapons developed during World War I included: __________________________________,
_______________________________, _______________________________, and _____________________________.
4. _____________________________is the type of war that requires nations involved to use all of their
resources.
5. Factories in many of the nations involved in World War I began converting over to making
___________________________.
6. __________________________________ was also used by governments to sway the opinions of the people of
their nations.
7. Women had a role in the war even from by working in _______________________, sending important
________________________, or working as ___________________________ helping wounded soldiers.
8. Some of the battles on the Western Front were: _______________________________________,
_________________________________, __________________________________, and ______________________________________.
9. The Battle of _________________________ was one of the deadliest in the war costing both sides nearly
400,000 soldiers.
10. War was not only fought in Europe but also around the world as seen by the __________________________
Campaign, which was considered a failure.
11. The _______________________________ Massacre occurred in the Ottoman Empire by claiming the
________________________ were aiding the Russians in their attacks.
12. The Ottoman Empire begins using _____________________________, a deliberate destruction of a racial,
political, or cultural group to force the ______________________________ out of the Caucasus Region.
13. Japan declared war on __________________________ in 1914 and capture __________________ colonies in China.
World Civ
World War I Study Guide
Name:____________________________
Key Terms for Section 2
Trench Warfare, Total War, Propaganda, Battle of Verdun, Gallipoli Campaign, Genocide
Chapter 12 Section 3 (p. 391-395)
1. A small Marxist group, the ___________________________, emerged in Russia before under the idea of
making life for the Russian people better and were led by _____________________________________.
2. Russia had a large _____________________________, but its ________________________ were ill-prepared for war
because of their inability to produce enough ammunition and other military supplies.
3. In 1915, ___________________________________, took control of Russian forces, which made little sense, and
in the end made an already poor war effort worse for the Russians.
4. Conditions for the Russian people were even worse than for those on the battlefield because
______________________ and other supplies were growing scarce and Russian peasants were getting
_____________________________.
5. The Czar’s wife relied on the advice of ____________________________________, who was a self-proclaimed
holy man and healer and who many Russians felt was corrupt and immoral, which led to many
Russians turning against the monarchy.
6. The _______________________________________ begins on March 8, 1917, when peasants marched in the
streets of ___________________________, the Russian capital to protest lack of food and fuel.
7. The Czar ordered the __________________________, the Russian legislature, to disband, and they defied the
order.
8. March 15, 1917 saw the Czar ___________________________, or step down from power because he had lost
the nation.
9. The March revolution that forced down the czar is known in Russian history as the
__________________________ Revolution.
10. Bolshevism later became known as _____________________________, after their leader Lenin.
World Civ
World War I Study Guide
Name:____________________________
11. The ___________________________ Revolution started in November of 1917, when after many failed policies
by Alexander Kerensky’s government, Russian factory workers called the Red Guard attacked the
Russian Government.
12. __________________________ became leader of Russia after the fall of Kerensky’s government.
13. ________________________________ was sent by the Communist Russian Government to negotiate a peace
treaty with the Central Powers.
14. The ____________________________________ was enacted by Lenin which permitted some capitalist activity in
Russia to help the poor peasants recover from the losses they suffered during the war.
15. In 1922, Russia officially became known as the ______________________________________ or the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
Key Terms for Section 3
Bolsheviks, Gregory Rasputin, Marxism-Leninism, Leon Trotsky, New Economic Policy
Chapter 12 Section 4 (p. 396-401)
1. The United States and President ________________________________, remained neutral throughout much of
World War I because they did not want to get involved in a major European conflict.
2. German ______________________ were sinking civilian ships in the Atlantic Ocean going to or coming from
the United States, which led to great difficulty in remaining neutral.
3. The sinking of the passenger ship, the _______________________________, killed 1200 people including 120
Americans.
4. Germany realized that they did not want Americans in the war, but in order to defeat the British
Navy they had to return to _____________________________________ to sink ships, even at the risk of bringing
the U.S. into the war.
5. The _________________________________ was a secret message from Germany to Mexico, which proposed a
Mexican sneak attack on the United States, which created anger and calls for war on Germany.
World Civ
World War I Study Guide
Name:____________________________
6. In October 1918, the Allied Forces, with the addition of the U.S. military went on the offensive and
broke through the German fortified ____________________________ Line.
7. After the collapse of their line of defense, the Germans came to the Allies looking for an
_______________________ or a truce to end the fighting, and on _________________________________, this was
signed and ended the fighting.
8. Woodrow Wilson’s vision for peace following the war was summarized in the
_________________________________, which included ideas for people choosing their own governments and
the establishment of assembly of nations to discuss any further issues between nations.
9. The Big Four, who were the leaders of the Allies, were the following:
a. Great Britain: ____________________________________________________
b. Italy: ___________________________________________________
c. France: _____________________________________________________
d. United States: ___________________________________________________
10. The final peace treaty to end World War I was called ______________________________________________.
11. The key points of the treaty were:
a. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
f. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. The _______________________________________ was an organization established by the treaty with the goal of
encouraging international cooperation and keeping the peace.
13. The treaty was greatly weakened because the United States government would
________________________________.
World Civ
World War I Study Guide
Name:____________________________
14. __________________________ is a term used to describe the former Ottoman lands in the Middle East that
were put into control of the Europeans.
15. In 1917, a ______________________________ movement led to the British issuing the
____________________________________, which favored forming a Jewish state in the area of Palestine.
16. The human cost of war was the death of nearly ________________________________ soldiers and the
wounding of millions more, and this coupled with an outbreak of ___________________________ in Europe
in 1918 led to more suffering across the continent and globally as more than 50 million died from it.
17. Europe saw it economic power hold collapse and countries like the __________________________ and
______________________ prospered economically.
18. World War I led to dramatic shifts in political groups in countries like ____________________, which saw
the rise of Communism and _______________________________, ___________________________________, and the
___________________________________ were their monarchies were all overthrown.
19. Colonists were angered after World War I because they heard Allies talking about democracy, but
instead they never received their ______________________________, but instead were divided up among the
other colonial powers of Europe.
Key Terms of Section 4
Woodrow Wilson, U-boats, Zimmermann Note, Armistice, Fourteen Points, Treaty of Versailles, League
of Nations, Mandates, Balfour Declaration