INTRODUCTION:
“Indeed, in the messenger of Allah, you have for
you, the best example.” (33 : 21)
 “We sent you (Muhammad) not but as a blessing
for the universe”. (21 : 107)
 “He it is who has sent His messenger with the
guidance and the religion of truth, that He may
make it conqueror of all religion, however much
idolators may be averse.” (16 : 9)




Life of Muhammad (pbuh) is the best example
(Uswatun-Hasanah) for us to follow.
He has shown us how to obey Allah, the lord of
the Universe.
Allah says in Quran : “say (O Muhammad), if you
love Allah, follow me; Allah will love you and
forgive your sins, Allah is forgiving and
Merciful.” (3 : 31)
Muhammad’s (pbuh) duty, according to the
Quran, was to make Islam supreme over all other
systems of life.
 “It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance
and the religion of truth to manifest it over all
religion, although those who associate others
with Allah dislike it.” (61 : 9)
 “It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance
and the religion of truth to menfest it over all
religion. And sufficient is Allah as Witness.” (48 :
28)


Say, “My Lord has only forbidden immoralities –
what is apparent of them and what is concealed –
and sin, and oppression without right, and that
you associate with Allah that for which He has
not sent authority, and that you say about Allah
that which you do not know.” (7 : 33)

Say, “ I am only a man like you, to whom has
been revealed that your god is one God. SO
whoever would hope for the meeting with his
Lord – let him do righteous work and not
associate in the worship of his lord anyone.”
BIRTH AND CHILDHOOD:




Muhammad (pbuh) was born into the nobel tribe of
the Quraish in Makkah. Arabia, in 571 CE.
His father, Abdullah, died before his birh and Aminah
(RA), his mother, died when he was only six.
After the death of his mother ,his grandfather, Abdul
Muttlib, looked after him. From early childhood.
His grandfather died when he was only eight years
old, so Muhammad was then looked after by his
uncle, Abu Talib, a leader of the Quraish.
 He
was named by his grandfather.
Someone asked Hazrat Abdul Mutalib
about the name he said:
“I have named him Muhammad so that his
name may be praised on the earth and in the
heavens.”
 Muhammad means praiseworthy.
A BUSINESS TRIP TO SYRIA:



Muhammad (pbuh) at the age of twelve went on
business trip to Syria with his uncle Abu Talib.
When their caravan reached Busra in Syria, a
Christian priest called Bahira invited them to a
dinner.
Bahira knew that the boy Muhammad (pbuh)
was going to be a prophet in the future.He
advised Abu Talib to take special care of his
nephew.
TEENAGER AND THE BATTLE OF FUJJAR:


When Muhammad (pbuh) was fifteen, a local war
broke out during the Hajj season between the
tribes of Quraish and Hawazian.
Upon the initiative of Az-Zubair, Muhammad’s
(pbuh) uncle, a meeting was called at the house
of Abdullah Ibn Judan, who was an influential
and wealthy person
HILF-UL-FUDUL (ALLIANCE FOR CHARITY):



Formed at the meeting to help oppressed, the
poor and the needy.
Muhammad (pbuh) took following oath:
“I uphold the pact concluded in my presence
when
Ibn Judan gave us a great banquet. Should it
ever
be invoked, I shall immediately rise to
answer the
call.”
The participation of Muhammad pbuh in Hilf-ul-
YOUNG SHEPHERD:


Muhammad pbuh was very proud of having spent
his boyhood as a shepherd.
He used to say,”Allah sent no prophet who was
not a shepherd. Musa (Moses) was a shepherd ,
Dawud (David) was also a shepherd.”
MARRIAGE:



Muhammad (pbuh) received an offer from a noble
lady named Khadijah to look after her business
affairs.
Muhammad (pbuh) accepted the offer and set out
for Syria, accompanied by another of her
employees called Maysarah.
Muhammad (pbuh) was protected from the heat
of the sun by clouds during the trip.
Khadijah (RA) the daughter of khuwailid, was a
determined, intelligent and noble woman.



She was deeply impressed by the ability,
character and performance of Muhammad
(pbuh).
Decided to send the proposal of marriage to
Muhammad (pbuh).
He was twenty five years of age when he
married. Khadijah (RA) was forty and a widow.
PHYSICAL FEATURES:
Handsome man of medium build.
 Neither very tall nor short.
 Large head, thick black hair.
 A wide forehead, heavy eye-brows and large eyes
with long eye lashes.
 Fine nose., well placed teeth, a thick beard, a
long hand some neck and wide chest and
shoulders.
 Skin was light coloured and had thick palms and
feet.
 His eyes gave the feeling of the authority of a
commander.

REBUILDING AL-KABAH:




The Kahbah needed repair after a sudden flood.
The task was divided among the four tribes of the
Quraish.
Muhammad pbuh took active part in the work.
The rebuilding progressed and the walls were
raised until it was time to place the Black Stone
Al-hajarul’Aswad on the east wall of the Kabah.
PLACING OF HOLY STONE:



Who should have the honour of placing this Holy
stone in its place.
The situation was tense and there was almost
possibiltiy of civil war over the issue.
Abu Ummayyah said “let the first man to enter
the gate of the mosque next morning decide the
matter in dispute among us.”

What a pleasant surprise! The first man to enter
the mosque was Muhammad (pbuh) ! All the
people shouted in a chorus, “This is the trust
worthy one (Al-Amin), this is Muhammad
(pbuh).”
SEARCH FOR THE TRUTH:



Muhammad (pbuh) used to retreat in seclusion
and solitude to a cave, in mount Nur very often.
Muhammad pbuh got quite fed upwith existing
social and political systems.
In the month of Ramadan Allah, the lord of the
universe, favoured Muhammad (pbuh) with his
blessings – the first revelation of Quran.
‫ِإنَّا أ َ َ‬
‫نز ْلنَاهُ فِي لَ ْيلَ ِة‬
‫ْ‬
‫القَ ْدر‪‬‬
‫ہم نے اس قرآن کو شب قدر میں نازل کرنا شروع کیا۔‬
‫اك َما لَ ْيلَةُ‬
‫َو َما أ َ ْد َر َ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ْ‬
‫القَ ْدر‪‬‬
‫اور تمہیں کیا معلوم کہ شب قدر کیا ہے؟‬
‫ف‬
‫لَ ْيلَةُ ْالقَ ْد ِر َخ ْي ٌر ِم ْن أ َ ْل ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫شْ‬
‫هر‪‬‬
‫َ‬
‫شب قدر ہزار مہینے سے بہتر ہے۔‬
‫‪‬‬
‫الرو ُ‬
‫ح ِفي َها ِب ِإ ْذ ِن َر ِب ِه ِمن ُُ ِ ِّ‬
‫تَنَ َّز ُل ْال َمالَ ِئكَةُ َو ُّ‬
‫أ َ ْمر‪‬‬
‫اس میں فرشتے اور روح القدس ہر کام کے انتظام کے لئے اپنے پروردگار کے حکم سے اترتے ہیں۔‬
‫سالَ ٌم ِه َي َحتَّى َم ْطلَ ِع‬
‫َ‬
‫ْالفَ ْ‬
‫ج ر‪‬‬
‫یہ رات طلوع فجر تک امن و سالمتی ہے۔‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
RECEIVING THE TRUTH:

Muhammad (pbuh) had reached the age of forty
when, one night while meditating in his
mountain retreat in Hira during Ramadan, an
angel appeared before him.

“Read!” said the angel.

“I am not a reader.” replied Muhammad (pbuh)
‫ْاق َرأْ ِبا ْ‬
‫س ِ َر ِب َك الَّ ِذي‬
‫َ‬
‫خلَق‪‬‬
‫اے نبی ﷺ اپنے پروردگار کا نام لے کر پڑھو جس نے تمام کائنات کو پیدا کیا۔‬
‫س َ‬
‫علَق ‪‬‬
‫ان ِم ْن َ‬
‫َخلَ َ‬
‫اإلن َ‬
‫ق ِ‬
‫جس نے انسان کو خون کی پھٹکی سے بنایا۔ ‪‬‬
‫ْ‬
‫اق َرأْ َو َربُّ َ‬
‫ك األ َ ُْ َرم ‪‬‬
‫پڑھو اور تمہارا پروردگار بڑا کریم ہے۔ ‪‬‬
‫الَّ ِذي عَلَّ َ ِب ْ‬
‫القَلَ ‪‬‬
‫جس نے قلم کے ذریعے سے علم سکھایا۔ ‪‬‬
‫ان َما لَ ْ يَ ْعلَ‬
‫س َ‬
‫اإلن َ‬
‫عَلَّ َ ِ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫اور انسان کو وہ باتیں سکھائیں جن کا اسکو علم نہ تھا۔‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
FIRST REVEALED VERSES OF THE QURAN:

“Read in the name of your Lord who created.
Created man from a clot of blood.
Read, your Lord is most Generous.
Who taught by the pen.
Taught man what he did not know.” (96:1-5)


Muhammad (pbuh) rushed home in panic and sat
close to Khadijah (RA) .Muhammad (pbuh) told
her all that happen.
“Rejoice, O son of my uncle, and be of good heart.
Surely by him in whose hand is Khadijah’s soul, I
have hope that you will be the prophet of his
people.
You have never done any wrong to
anyone. You are kind to others and you help the
poor. So Allah will not let you down.”
WARQAH BIN NAWFAL:


Khadijah took Muhammad (pbuh) to her cousin
Warqah Bin Nawfal, who was a christian.
He said,” this is the same one who keeps the
secrets (angel Jibrail) whom Allah had sent to
Moses. I wish I were young and could live up to
the time when your people would turn you out.”
‫‪SECOND REVELATION:‬‬
‫يَا أَيُّ َها ْال ُمدَّ ِثر‬
‫قُ ْ فَأَن ِذر ● اٹھو اب خبردار کرنے لگو۔‪‬‬
‫َو َربَّ َ‬
‫ك فَك َِبر ● اور اپنے پروردگار کی بڑائی بیان کرو۔ ‪‬‬
‫َوثِيَابَ َك فَ َِ‬
‫هر ● اور اپنے کپڑے پاک رکھو۔ ‪‬‬
‫ط‬
‫الر ْج َز فَا ْ‬
‫هجُر ● اور شرک کی گندگی سے تو الگ ہی رہو۔ ‪‬‬
‫َو ُّ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪“O you who lie wrapped in your mantle, arise and‬‬
‫‪warn! Glorify your Lord. Purify yourself. Give up‬‬
‫”‪uncleanliness.‬‬
‫‪‬‬
ISLAMIC MOVEMENT BEGINS:


The revelation marked the beginning of
Muhammad’s (pbuh) role as a messenger of
Allah.
First- Khadijah (RA), Muhammad’s pbuh wife,
accept Islam: second – Ali (RA), his cousin: third
– Zaid (RA), his household servent. Outside the
household, it was Abu Bakr (RA)
‫‪ISLAMIC MOVEMENT BECOMES PUBLIC:‬‬
‫‪Three years after the revelation, Allah‬‬
‫‪commanded the Prophet.‬‬
‫صدَ ْع ِب َما ت ُ ْؤ َم ُر َوأ َ ْع ِر ْ‬
‫فَا ْ‬
‫ض ع َِن‬
‫ْال ُم ْ‬
‫ْ ِر ُِين‪‬‬
‫پس جو حکم تم کو ہللا کی طرف سے مال ہے وہ لوگوں کو بے‬
‫دھڑک سنا دو اور مشرکوں کا ذرا خیال نہ کرو۔‬
‫ست َ ْ‬
‫ِإنَّا َُفَ ْينَ َ‬
‫اك ْال ُم ْ‬
‫ه ِز ِئين‪‬‬
‫ہم تمہیں ان لوگوں کے شر سے بچانے کے لئے کافی ہیں جو تم سے‬
‫ہنسی کرتے ہیں۔‬
‫ين يَ ْجعَلُ َ‬
‫الَّ ِذ َ‬
‫ف يَ ْع َملُون‪‬‬
‫ون َم َع اّللِ ِإلـهًا آ َخ َر فَ َ‬
‫سوْ َ‬
‫جو ہللا کے ساتھ کوئی اور معبود قرار دیتے ہیں سو عنقریب انکو ان‬
‫باتوں کا انجام معلوم ہو جائے گا۔ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬

“Proclaim what you have been ordered and turn
away from the polytheists.” (15:94)
ْ
‫ال ُم ِبين‬
 ‫ہوں۔‬
‫ير‬
ُ ‫َوقُ ْ ِّ ِإنِي أَنَا النَّ ِذ‬
‫اور کہدو کہ ميں تو عالنيہ ڈر سنانے واال‬
Muhammad (PBUH) entered the house of AlArqam (one of the first Muslims). This house
was situated near Kaaba and many pilgrims
passed near it. For next 4 years. Muhammad
(PBUH) preached from the House of Al-Arqam.
This house is also called the House of Islam.
During this period, as many as 200 hundred
people were converted.
 During first 3 years of preaching, there was no
opposition from the Quraish because preaching
was in secret.

THE PROPHET ON MOUNT SAFA:



Muhammad pbuh climbed on the top of As-Safa
and shouted to the people.
“O men of Quraish, if I were to tell you that I see
an army ready to attack on the other side of the
mountain, would you believe me?”
They answered , “Yes, why not? We trust you and
never found you telling a lie.”

Muhammad (pbuh) said,” know then, that I am
warner and that I warn you of serve punishment.
O Banu Abdul Muttalib! O Banu Abd Manaf! O
Banu Zuhrah! O Banu Taim! O Banu Makhzum!
O Banu Asad! Allah has commanded me to warm
you, my nearest kinsmen, that I can assure you
of good on this earth and in heaven if you declare
that there is no god but Allah.”
ABU LAHAB:


He said ,“Damn you! Did you assemble us for
this?”
Allah revealed,
“ May the hands of Abu Lahab perish;
doomed he is. His wealth and his properties shall
nat save him. He shall be thrown into a flaming
fire of hell.”
HOSTILITY BEGINS:



Quraish asked Abu Talib to with draw his support from
Muhammad (pbuh )
Utbah Bin Rabiah (a leader of quraish) suggested,
"If what you want is money, we will gather for you our
property, so the you may be the richest of us; if you
want honour, we will make you our chief, so that noone can decide anything apart from you; if you want
sovereignty, we will make you king.”



Muhammad pbuh said ,
“ O my uncle, by Allah, if they put the sun
in right hand and the moon in my left, and ask
me to give up my mission, I shall not do it until
Allah has made it victorious or I perish therein!”
Abu Talib said “Go and say what you please for,
by Allah, I shall never withdraw my support from
you.”

OPPOSITION FROM THE QURAISH


Main enemies of Islam were Abu Jahl, Abu
Lahab and his wife, Abu Sufyan, Walid bin
Mughaira and Atba bin Rabi. Ummya bin khalaf

Religious Causes:
 Quraish respected their ancestors and were
ready to die for them and their beliefs. Thus, they
did not want to leave the 360 idols that their
ancestors had worshipped. When Muhammad
(PBUH)
told them that their ancestors were in grave
trouble because of polygamy and idol-worship,
the Quraish grew violent.


Moral Causes:
 Islam and the Quraish's moral values were
totally different and opposite.
 Islam preached modesty, while the Quraish were
used to lavishness,
 Islam promulgated equality of men and women,
while the Quraish treated their women like
chattels,
 Islam enjoined loyalty to one faith, while the
Quraish wanted loyalty only to the clan or tribe.

Social Causes:
 The class conscious, rich Quraish could not
reconcile with the slogan of equality of all
humans raised by Muhammad (PBUH).


If Islam ruled, the high and the low, the master
and the slave, the rich and the poor, the black
and the white, all would be on equal footing.
Political Causes:
 After Hazrat Abdul Muttlib, Banu Makhzum
tried to rule with the help of Banu Umayya.
Islam warned a capable and competent man to
rule the kingdom, not a tribe.
 If Islam was allowed to expand, the present
Makkan rulers would no doubt have to relinquish
their rule. They had an intense fear of power
shifting from their hands into the hands of the
Muslims. That is why the ruling tribes were the
most hostile towards Islam.
 In ancient times, politics and wealth went hand
in hand.
•
The leading families feared that loss of
political power would mean loss of wealth.

Economic Causes:
•
By talking about social justice and equality,
Muhammad (PBUH) struck at the roots of their
evil methods of big business, high finance
and monopolistic economy and other
facets of the capitalistic/mercantile practices.


It is because of this that to the new rich and the
privileged class, He appeared as a lunatic, a
revolutionary, a disrupter of law and a magician.
The persecutions:
 • The first and most to suffer at the hands of the
Quraish were the converted slaves.


They were beaten, roasted on hot desert
sand, laid on their backs on burning coals,
beaten, tortured and kept enclosed for days
in dark, small rooms. Some were even
butchered in cold blood.
Bilal was made to lie on his back in chains on the
scorching desert sands by his master.
 Yasir and Sumiya were tortured to death while
their son Ammar treated with utmost cruelty.
 Khabbab was treated with cruelty and barbarity.


As regards their own clansmen and kinsmen, their
persecutors were milder but more organized. Each
Quraishite family was responsible for punishing its men
and women. Usman bin Affan and Zubair bin al-Awwam
were tortured by their uncles while Saad ibn al-Waqqas
was tortured by his relatives.
Muhammad (PBUH) was tortured psychologically and
physically:
 People who had called him "the truthful" and "the
trustworthy" tried to defame his character by openly
calling him a liar.
 Men and women threw rubbish on him as he was
walking on the street and strew his path with thorns.
 Once, when Muhammad (PBUH) was praying in the
Kaaba, a wicked Quraishite threw a camel's innards on
him..

‫إ ِِنَّهُ لَقَوْ ُل َرسُو ٍل َُ ِري ● َو َما ُه َو ِبقَوْ ِل شَا ِع ٍر قَ ِليالً‬
‫َما ت ُ ْؤ ِمنُون● َوالَ ِبقَوْ ِل َُا ِه ٍن قَ ِليالً َما تَذَ َُّ ُرون●‬
‫ب ْالعَالَ ِمين●‬
‫ت َ ِنزي ٌ ِّ ِمن َّر ِ‬
‫کہ يہ قرآن ايک معزز فرشتے کا پہنچايا ہوا کالم ہے۔‬
‫اور يہ کسی شاعر کا کالم نہيں۔ مگر ت لوگ بہت ہی ک‬
‫ايمان التے ہو۔ اور نہ کسی کاہن کا قول ہے۔ ليکن ت‬
‫لوگ بہت ہی ک غوروفکر کرتے ہو۔ يہ رب العالمين کا‬
‫اتارا ہوا ہے۔‬







(615 A.D)
Migration to Abbysinia
When the prosecution became unbearable,
the Prophet received command that some of his
followers should migrate to Abbysinia.
Abbysinia (present day Ethiopia) had a kindhearted Christian king named Najashi or Negus.
First migration (including Usman bin Affan and
his wife Ruqayya) took place in 615 AD:
TOTAL : 15
Men: 11
Women: 4
Quraish immediately dispatched a delegation to Negus
with gifts.
 The Quraish had had longstanding trade relations with
Abbysinia.
 The Quraish demanded the immediate return of the
fugitive Muslims.
 When Jafar explained the principles of Islam to the king,
Negus refused to hand over the Muslims to the Quraish.

َّ ُ‫ع ْبد‬
‫ار ًُا‬
َ ‫قَا َل ِإ ِني‬
َ َ ‫اّللِ آتَا ِن َي ْال ِكت‬
َ َ‫اب َو َجعَلَ ِني نَ ِبيًّا● َو َجعَلَ ِني ُمب‬
ُ ‫صالَ ِة َوال َّزَُا ِة َما دُ ْم‬
ُ ُُ ‫أ َ ْي َن َما‬
َّ ‫صا ِني ِبال‬
●‫ت َحيًّا‬
َ ْ‫نت َوأَو‬
‫بچے نے کہا کہ ميں ہللا کا بنده ہوں اس نے مجهے کتاب دی ہے اور نبی بنايا ہے۔‬
‫اور ميں جہاں ہوں اور جس حال ميں ہوں اس نے مجهے صاحب برکت بنايا ہے اور‬
ٰ ‫جب تک زنده ہوں مجه کو نماز اور‬
‫زکوة کا ارشاد فرمايا ہے۔‬
‫ش ِقيًّا● َوال َّ‬
‫علَ َّي يَوْ َم‬
‫سالَ ُم َ‬
‫ارا َ‬
‫َوبَ ًّرا ِب َوا ِلدَ ِتي َولَ ْ يَ ْجعَ ْل ِني َجبَّ ً‬
‫وت َويَوْ َم أ ُ ْبعَ ُ‬
‫ُو ِل ُّ‬
‫دت َويَوْ َم أ َ ُم ُ‬
‫ث َحيًّا● ذَ ِل َك ِعي َ‬
‫سى ا ْب ُن َم ْريَ َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫َ‬
‫ق الَّ ِذي فِي ِه يَ ْمت َ ُرون● َما َُ َ‬
‫ان ِ َّّللِ أَن يَت َّ ِخذَ ِمن َولَ ٍد‬
‫ح‬
‫ال‬
‫ل‬
‫ق‬
‫وْ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ضى أ َ ْم ًرا فَ ِإنَّ َما يَقُو ُل لَهُ ُُن فَيَ ُكون● َوإِ َّن َّ‬
‫س ْب َحانَهُ إِذَا قَ َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫اّللَ‬
‫َر ِبي َو َربُّ ُك ْ فَا ْعبُدُوهُ َهذَا ِص َر ٌ‬
‫اط ُّم ْ‬
‫ست َ ِقي ●‬
‫اور مجهے اپنی ماں کے ساته نيک سلوک کرنے واال بنايا ہے اور سرکش و بدبخت‬
‫نہيں بنايا۔ اور جس دن ميں پيدا ہوا اور جس دن مروں گا اور جس دن زنده کر کے‬
‫ٰ‬
‫عيسی ہيں اور يہ سچی بات ہے‬
‫اٹهايا جاؤں گا مجه پر سالم ہے۔ يہ مري کے بيٹے‬
‫جس ميں لوگ شک کرتے ہيں۔ ہللا کو شاياں نہيں کہ کسی کو بيٹا بنائے وه پاک ہے‬
‫جب کسی چيز کا اراده کرتا ہے تو اس کو يہی کہتا ہے کہ ہو جا تو وه ہو جاتی ہے۔‬
‫اور بيْک ہللا ہی ميرا اور تمہارا پروردگار ہے تو اسی کی عبادت کرو يہی سيدها‬
‫رستہ ہے۔‬



(616 AD.)
Second Migration to Abbysinia:
Encouraged by this success, another party of Muslims left
for Abbysinia in 616 AD. This is known as the Second
Migration to Abbysinia:
TOTAL : 101
Men: 83 Women and children: 18
(616 A.D)
Conversion of Hamza:
 Hamza was uncle of Muhammad (PBUH). He
was fond of hunting and when he returned from
it one day, Abu Jahl's slave girl told him how
cruelly Abu Jahl had hurt and wounded
Muhammad (PBUH).
 Infuriated because of his love for the Prophet
(PBUH), he upbraided Abu Jahl and challenged
him to do his worst. Then, he went to the house of
Al-Arqam and became a Muslim.


Conversion of Umar:
 By 6th year of Prophet hood. Umar ben Khitab.
chief of Banu Adi, was one of the worst enemies
of Islam. One day, he was in the Kaaba
discussing the rising Muslim influence when he
decided to murder the Holy Prophet (PBUH).

On his way to the house of Arqam, he met Saad
bin Abi Waqqas, who informed him that Umar's
own sister Fatima and her husband had accepted
Islam.
 Umar went to his sister's house, where he found
both of 'them reading the Quran. Even after
hitting her violently on the face so hard that it
stared bleeding, she told Umar that she would
follow Muhammad (PBUH) no matter what he
did.
 Umar asked her to read a few verses of the
Quran to him. Struck by the beauty of the Quran,
Umar went to the house of Al-Arqam and
immediately entered into the fo!d of Islam.
 The Muslims were so overjoyed by the entry of so
powerful a man into Islam that their victory cry
was heard across Makkah.

(616 - 619 AD) Boycott of Banu Hashim:
 Alarmed at the escape of the Muslims from their
clutches, the Quraish suspected that Muhammad
(PBLJH) was planning an invasion of Makkah
with Negus..
 Knowing that they could not harm Muhammad
(PBUH) much as he was under the protection of
his tribe, Bani Hashim, they agreed to boycott
the entire tribe.
 All the tribes of the Quraish agreed not to
intermarry with Banu Hashim, nor to sell or
trade with them.
 This agreement was signed and hung in the
Kaaba.
 Banu Hashim then took refuge at the rock-bound
property of Abu Talib on the outskirts of Makkah
called Shi'b Abi Talib.

• Only Abu Lahab did not join the Bani
Hashim in their exile.
 Banu Hashim lived in impoverishment and near
starvation except for the holy months when no
enmity was allowed.
 When Muhammad (PBUH) tried to preach Islam
at the fair of Ukaz, Abu Lahab would start
shouting profanities at him. Foreigners dispersed
when they saw that Muhammad (PBUH) didn't
have support among his own relatives.
 Thus Islam's progress came to a total standstill
during this period.
 After three years of seeing the Bani Hashim
suffer, some of the Makkans nobles were tried to
end the boycott.



(619 AD)

In 619 AD, Abu Talib and Khadija died.

Muhammad (PBUH) was struck by grief.


The Year of Mourning:
He later said that when nobody believed in his
mission, Khadija believed him, when he was
friendless, she befriended him and when he was
helpless, she helped him.
Abu Talib's death was a great setback.
Muhammad (PBUH) lost his only support
amongst the hostile Quraishi tribes.


(619 A.D)
Visit to Taif:
10 years had passed since Muhammad (PBUH)
brought the Message of Allah to the Quraish.
However, they still opposed and refused to
change.
Taif is an oasis city near Makkah. At that time, it
was something of a resort for the rich people of
Arabia, with lush gardens and lavish display of
wealth.
 Muhammad (PBUH) journeyed to Taif. The rich
people of Taif were worship an idol called ‘Lat’.
 The people of Taif threw stones at Muhammad
(PBUH) and so seriously wounded him that his
shoes were filled with blood.



Conversion of a convoy of Jinn
In the way to return to Makkah from Taif a
convoy of Jinn met with the Holy Prophet and
accepted Islam.
‫وح َي ِإلَ َّي أَنَّهُ ا ْ‬
‫س ِم ْعنَا‬
‫قُ ْ ِّ أ ُ ِ‬
‫ست َ َم َع نَفَ ٌر ِم َن ْال ِج ِن فَقَالُوا ِإنَّا َ‬
‫ش ِد فَآ َمنَّا ِب ِه َولَن نُّ ْ‬
‫الر ْ‬
‫ْ ِر َك ِب َر ِبنَا‬
‫قُ ْرآنًا َ‬
‫ع َجبًا● يَ ْه ِدي ِإلَى ُّ‬
‫احبَةً َوالَ َولَدًا●‬
‫أ َ َحدًا● َوأَنَّهُ تَعَالَى َجدُّ َر ِبنَا َما ات َّ َخذَ َ‬
‫ص ِ‬
‫اے پيغمبر ﷺ لوگوں سے کہدو کہ ميرے پاس وحی آئی‬
‫ہے کہ جنوں کی ايک جماعت نے اس کتاب کو سنا تو‬
‫کہنے لگے کہ ہ نے ايک عجيب قرآن سنا۔ جو بهالئی کا‬
‫رستہ بتاتا ہے سو ہ اس پر ايمان لے آئے اور ہ اپنے‬
‫پروردگار کے ساته کسی کو شريک نہيں بنائيں گے۔ اور‬
‫يہ کہ ہمارے پروردگار کی شان بہت بلند ہے وه نہ بيوی‬
‫رکهتا ہے نہ اوالد۔‬
‫و َِأَنَّهُ َُ َ‬
‫ش َط ًطا● َوأَنَّا َظنَنَّا‬
‫س ِفي ُهنَا َ‬
‫علَى ا َّّللِ َ‬
‫ان يَقُو ُل َ‬
‫علَى َّ‬
‫اّللِ َُ ِذبًا● َوأَنَّهُ َُ َ‬
‫ان‬
‫نس َو ْال ِج ُّن َ‬
‫اإل ُ‬
‫أَن لَّن تَقُو َل ِ‬
‫نس يَعُوذُ َ‬
‫ون ِب ِر َجا ٍل ِم َن ْال ِج ِن فَ َزادُو ُه ْ‬
‫اإل ِ‬
‫ِر َجا ٌل ِم َن ِ‬
‫َر َهقًا● َوأَنَّ ُه ْ َظنُّوا َُ َما َظنَنت ُ ْ أَن لَّن يَ ْبعَ َ‬
‫ث َّ‬
‫اّللُ أ َ َحدًا●‬
‫اور يہ کہ ہ ميں سے کوئی کوئی بيوقوف ہللا کے بارے ميں‬
‫جهوٹ گهڑتا ہے۔ اور ہمارا يہ خيال تها کہ انسان اور جن ہللا‬
‫کی نسبت جهوٹ نہيں بوليں گے۔ اور يہ کہ بعض بنی آدم بعض‬
‫جنات کی پناه ليا کرتے تهے تو اس سے انکی سرکْی اور‬
‫بڑه گئ تهی۔ اور يہ کہ ان کا بهی يہی اعتقاد تها جس طرح‬
‫تمہارا تها کہ ہللا کسی کو نہيں زنده کرے گا۔‬
‫َوأَنَّا لَ َم ْ‬
‫سنَا ال َّ‬
‫ش ِديدًا‬
‫س َماء فَ َو َج ْدنَا َها ُم ِلئ َ ْت َح َرسًا َ‬
‫َو ُ‬
‫ش ُهبًا● َوأَنَّا ُُنَّا نَ ْقعُدُ ِم ْن َها َمقَا ِعدَ ِللس َّْم ِع فَ َمن يَ ْ‬
‫ست َ ِم ِع‬
‫َ‬
‫صدًا● َوأَنَّا الَ نَ ْد ِري أَش ٌَّر أ ُ ِريدَ ِب َمن‬
‫ش َهابًا َّر َ‬
‫اآلن يَ ِج ْد لَهُ ِ‬
‫شدًا●‬
‫ض أ َ ْم أ َ َرادَ ِب ِه ْ َربُّ ُه ْ َر َ‬
‫فِي األ َ ْر ِ‬
‫اور يہ کہ ہ نے آسمان کو ٹٹوال تو اسکو مضبوط چوکيداروں اور‬
‫انگاروں سے بهرا ہوا پايا۔ اور يہ کہ پہلے ہ وہاں بہت سے‬
‫مقامات پر فرشتوں کی باتيں سننے کے لئے بيٹها کرتے تهے۔ اب‬
‫کوئی سننا چاہے تو اپنے لئے انگاره تيار پاتا ہے۔ اور يہ کہ ہميں‬
‫معلوم نہيں کہ اس سے اہ ِّ زمين کے ساته برائی مقصود ہے يا‬
‫انکے پروردگار نے انکی بهالئی کا اراده فرمايا ہے۔‬
‫ون َو ِمنَّا دُ َ‬
‫صا ِل ُح َ‬
‫َوأَنَّا ِمنَّا ال َّ‬
‫ق ِقدَدًا●‬
‫ون ذَ ِل َك ُُنَّا َط َرا ِئ َ‬
‫َّ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ُّ‬
‫َّ‬
‫َّ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫عج َز َّ‬
‫ض َولَن نُّ ْع ِج َزهُ‬
‫ن‬
‫ن‬
‫ل‬
‫ن‬
‫أ‬
‫ا‬
‫ن‬
‫ن‬
‫ظ‬
‫ا‬
‫ن‬
‫َوأ‬
‫اّللَ ِفي األ َ ْر ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫س ِم ْعنَا ْال ُهدَى آ َمنَّا ِب ِه فَ َمن ي ُْؤ ِمن ِب َر ِب ِه‬
‫َه َربًا● َوأَنَّا لَ َّما َ‬
‫اف بَ ْخسًا َوالَ َر َهقًا●‬
‫فَالَ يَ َخ ُ‬
‫اور يہ کہ ہ ميں بعض نيک ہيں اور بعض دوسری طرح کے‬
‫ہمارے کئ طرح کے مذہب ہيں۔ اور يہ کہ ہ نے سمجه ليا ہے‬
‫کہ ہ زمين ميں خواه کہيں ہوں ہللا کو ہرا نہيں سکتے اور نہ‬
‫بهاگ کر اسکو تهکا سکتے ہيں۔ اور جب ہ نے ہدايت کی کتاب‬
‫سنی اس پر ايمان لے آئےسو جو شخص اپنے پروردگار پر‬
‫ايمان التا ہے تو اسکو نہ نقصان کا خوف ہے نہ کسی طرح کے‬
‫ظل کا۔‬
‫س ُ‬
‫ط َ‬
‫س ِل ُم َ‬
‫ون فَ َم ْن أ َ ْ‬
‫َوأَنَّا ِمنَّا ْال ُم ْ‬
‫سلَ َ فَأُوْ لَ ِئ َك‬
‫ون َو ِمنَّا ْالقَا ِ‬
‫س ُ‬
‫ط َ‬
‫ون فَكَانُوا ِل َج َهنَّ َ َح َطبًا● َوأَلَّ ِو‬
‫ت َ َح َّروْ ا َر َ‬
‫شدًا●وأ َ َّما ْالقَا ِ‬
‫علَى َّ‬
‫سقَ ْينَا ُه َّماء َ‬
‫الط ِريقَ ِة أل َ ْ‬
‫ا ْ‬
‫غدَقًا● ِلنَ ْف ِتنَ ُه ْ ِفي ِه‬
‫ستَقَا ُموا َ‬
‫َو َمن يُ ْع ِر ْ‬
‫ض عَن ِذ ُْ ِر َر ِب ِه يَ ْ‬
‫صعَدًا● َوأ َ َّن‬
‫سلُ ْكهُ َ‬
‫عذَابًا َ‬
‫اجدَ ِ َّّللِ فَالَ ت َ ْد ُ‬
‫عوا َم َع َّ‬
‫اّللِ أ َ َحدًا●‬
‫ْال َم َ‬
‫س ِ‬
‫اور يہ کہ ہ ميں بعض فرمانبردار ہيں۔ اور بعض نافرمان ہيں تو جو‬
‫فرمانبردار ہوئے وه سيدهے رستے پر چلے۔ اور جو نافرمان ہوئے وه‬
‫دوزخ کا ايندهن بنے۔ اے پيغمبر ﷺ يہ بهی ان سے کہدو کہ اگر يہ لوگ‬
‫سيدهے رستے پر رہتے تو ہ انکے پينے کو بہت سا پانی ديتے۔ تاکہ‬
‫اس سے انکی آزمائش کريں اور جو شخص اپنے پروردگار کی ياد سے‬
‫منہ پهيرے گا وه اسکو سخت عذاب ميں داخ ِّ کرے گا۔ اور يہ کہ‬
‫مسجديں خاص ہللا کی ہيں تو ہللا کے ساته کسی اور کی عبادت نہ کرو۔‬
‫)‪(620 A.D‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪Al-Miraj (The Ascent):‬‬
‫‪Memorial event for the Prophet (pbuh).‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫س ْب َح َ‬
‫س َرى ِبعَ ْب ِد ِه لَ ْيالً ِم َن ْال َم ْ‬
‫ان الَّ ِذي أ َ ْ‬
‫س ِج ِد ْال َح َر ِام‬
‫ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫َّ‬
‫س ِج ِد األ َ‬
‫ِإلَى ْال َم ْ‬
‫ار ُْنَا َحوْ لَهُ ِلنُ ِريَهُ ِم ْن‬
‫ب‬
‫ي‬
‫ذ‬
‫ال‬
‫ى‬
‫ص‬
‫ق‬
‫ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫آيَاتِنَا ِإنَّهُ ُه َو الس َِّمي ُع البَ ِصير ●‬
‫وه قادر مطلق جو ہر خامی سے پاک ہے ايک رات اپنے بندے کو مسجد‬
‫حرام يعنی خانہ کعبہ سے مسجد ٰ‬
‫اقصے يعنی بيت المقدس تک جسکے‬
‫چاروں طرف ہ نے برکتيں رکهی ہيں لے گيا تاکہ ہ اسے اپنی قدرت‬
‫کی نْانياں دکهائيں۔ بيْک وه سننے واال ہے ديکهنے واال ہے۔‬
‫علَى َما يَ َرى ● َولَقَ ْد َرآهُ نَ ْزلَةً أ ُ ْخ َرى ●‬
‫ارونَهُ َ‬
‫أَفَت ُ َم ُ‬
‫س ْد َر ِة ْال ُم ْنت َ َهى ● ِعندَ َها َجنَّةُ ْال َمأ ْ َوى ●‬
‫ِعندَ ِ‬
‫الس ْد َرةَ َما يَ ْغَْى ● َما َزا َ‬
‫ص ُر َو َما َطغَى ●‬
‫ِإ ْذ يَ ْغَْى ِ‬
‫غ ْالبَ َ‬
‫ت َر ِب ِه ْال ُك ْب َرى ●‬
‫لَقَ ْد َرأَى ِم ْن آيَا ِ‬
‫کیا جو کچھ وہ دیکھتے ہیں تم اس میں ان سے جھگڑتے ہو؟ اور انہوں نے اسکو‬
‫المنتہی کے پاس۔ اسی کے‬
‫یعنی جبرئیل کو ایک اور بار بھی اترتے دیکھا ہے۔ سدرۃ‬
‫ٰ‬
‫پاس ہمیشہ رہنے کی بہشت ہے۔ جبکہ اس بیری پر چھا رہا تھا جو چھا رہا تھا۔ ان کی‬
‫آنکھ نہ تو اور طرف مائل ہوئی اور نہ حد سے آگے بڑھی۔ انہوں نے اپنے پروردگار‬
‫کی قدرت کی بہت ہی بڑی بڑی نشانیاں دیکھیں۔‬
‫‪Five times daily prayers were laid down for Muslims at‬‬
‫‪the time of Miraj.‬‬

(621 A.D.)
First covenant of Al-Aqabah:
In the 11th year of prophethood, hearing of a
prophet in Makkah, 6 people from the Yasribite
tribe of Khazraj came to Muhammad (PBUH)
during the pilgrimage season.
 They saw that Muhammad (PBUH) was indeed
the prophet that the Jews thought would come
from among them. They seized the opportunity
and accepted Islam.
 Muhammad (PBUH) sent Mus'ab bin Umair with
them to assist the preaching of Islam.
 In the 12th year of prophethood, 12 people came
from Yasrib and accepted Islam and took oath.
These Muslims helped spread Islam in the city of
Yasrib.



Seconds covenant of Al-Aqabah:
In the 13th year of prophet hood, 75 people came
from Yasrib to take the usual pledge. Islam
began to spread very rapidly after this.
Madinite Muslims said,” We take him (the
Prophet) to Madinah despite all threats to
property, wealth and life.
 Tell us, O Prophet of Allah, what will be our
reward if we remain true to this oath?”


The Prophet answered,” Paradise.”
EMIGRATION TO MADINAH:


Muslims left there homes for the sake of Allah
and his pleasure.
The Muslims of Madinah are known as Ansar
(helpers) and those of Makkah (emigrants).
THE HIJRAH OF THE PROPHET:


Muhammad (pbuh) secretly left Makkah one
night
in 622 CE with Abu Bakar RA.
They stayed in the cave known as Thawr, for
three
days.
The first residence of Prophet pbuh was house of
Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari.
THE PROPHET IN MADINAH

Ansar and Muhajirum.

Construction of mosque in Madinah.

Muhammad pbuh himself took part in the
construction as an ordinary labourer.
THE BATTLE OF BADR: (17 RAMADAN)



Small army of three hundred and thirteen people.
Encounter between two armies took place on the
17th of Ramadan.
“Truth prevails, falsehood vanishes.” (17:18)
THE BATTLE OF UHUD: (5 SHAWWAL)


Makkans were thirsty of revenge.
Army of three thousand strong, including two
hundred horsemen.

Command of ‘Abdullah Bin Jubair.

Khalid Bin Walid the Makkan commander.

Prophet pbuh was injured.
THE BATTLE OF AHZAB:



Salman Ali Farsi, A Persian Muslim, advised
digging trenches around the city to hold the
enemy hordes outside.
It took twenty days to complete digging.
Changed weather made the enemy flee in
disarray.
HUDAIBIYAH AGREEMENT:

Prophet pbuh announced his intention for short
pilgrimage (Umrah).

Hudaibiyah.

Quraish made it issue of prestige and pride.
Agreement was apparently against the Muslms.
 News of victory by Allah:
“Surely we have granted you a clear
victory.” (48:1)

THE CONQUEST OF MAKKAH:

Bnu Bakar attacked Banu Khuzaah

Hudaibiyah treaty declared null and void.


Prophet pbuh declared a general amnesty for the
entire community of Makkah.
The Prophet pbuh stayed in Makkah until the 6th
Shawal in the eight year of the Hijrah.
THE FAREWELL ADDRESS:



Farewell speech at Arafat.
This speech was one of the most memorable in
the whole history of Islam.
“Today I have perfected your religion for you,
completed my favour upon you and have chosen
for you Islam as the way of your life.”(5:3)
THE SAD NEWS:

Back in Madinah, the Prophet pbuh was taken
ill.
“Muhammad is but a messenger and messenger
have passed away before him. Will it be that
when he dies or is slain you will turn back on
your heels? He who turns back does no harm to
Allah and Allah will reward the thankful.”(3:144)
 12 Rabi-ul-Awwal, 11 AH at age of sixty-three.

Arafah - 9 Dhul-Hijjah


Follow the Sunnah of the
Prophet (‫ )صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬and
join the Dhuhr and ‘Asr
prayers regardless of
whether you pray in the
Masjid, in your camp or any
other location in Arafah.
After Salat move to your
place inside the limits of
Arafah, stand facing the
Qiblah, raising your hands
making Du'a and reciting
Talbiyah.
85
Leaving Arafah


Make sure you don’t leave until after
sunset.
Caution: Some Hajj operators ask
the pilgrims to get in the buses
before sunset to get ready to leave
after sunset. This is considered as
leaving before sunset, because
getting ready to leave is considered
the time of leaving even though you
may not pass the limits of Arafah
until after sunset.
86
Muzdalifah - 10 Dhul-Hijjah



Then you come to al-Mash'ar alHaram (a small mountain in
Muzdalifah) and climb upon it
and face the Qiblah - then recite
Takbeer, Tahleel, and make Du'a
until the sky becomes very
bright.
Then you leave for Mina before
the sun rises, calmly while
reciting Talbiyah.
When you come to the river
valley of MuHassir (between
Mina and Muzdalifah) you hurry
if possible.
87
Mina - 10 Dhul-Hijjah
)‫(یوم الحج األكبر‬


You arrive to Mina the
morning of the 10th of DhulHijjah.
This is the busiest day of
Hajj. You will be doing the
following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Stone Jamrat al-'Aqabah
Sacrifice an animal
Shave or trim off your hair
Go to Makkah to do Tawaf
al-Ifadah & Sa'y and come
back to Mina
88
Makkah - 10 Dhul-Hijjah
Tawaf az-ziyarah



Then you go off that day to
Makkah and make Tawaf alIfaDah in the same way as in the
Tawaf of arrival, except that
there is no Idtiba’ (uncovering
right shoulder) or Ramal (bold
walk) in this Tawaf.
Pray two Rak'at behind Maqaam
Ibraheem, if possible, or
anywhere in the Masjid if not.
Tawaf al-Ifadah is also called
Tawaf az-Ziyarah or Tawaf alHajj.
89
Makkah - 10 Dhul-Hijjah
Sa’y between Safa & Marwa


Then you do Sa’y between
the Safa and Marwa as
before.
After Tawaf al-Ifadah you
are in a state of complete
TaHallul (‫)التحلل األكبر‬. All
restrictions of Ihram are
lifted.

Drink from Zamzam.

Return to Mina.
90
Makkah - Last day




The Prophet (‫ )صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬said:
"None of you should depart until
he makes his last act Tawaf of the
House."
Farewell Tawaf (al-Wada’) is an
obligatory act on everyone except
menstruating women who are
excused.
The prophet (‫ )صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬used
to carry Zamzam water with him
in water skins and containers,
and he used to pour it upon the
sick and give it to them to drink.
When you finish the Tawaf you
leave the Masjid walking
normally - not backwards.
91
Merits of Madinah






It is the land of the Prophet's
migration (‫)صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬.
Its people are his neighbors and
supporters.
It is the abode of Faith, for to it
returns Faith at the end of time.
At its entrances, there are
Guardian Angels. Neither the
Dajjaal nor the Plague will be
admitted to it.
It will be the last city in the world
to be ruined.
It is the land of Revelation.
92
Merits of Madinah

Allah's Messenger ( ‫صلى ہللا علیه‬
‫ )وسلم‬made these
supplications:

O Allah! Make Madinah as
dear to us as You made
Makkah dear or more. (1)

O Allah! Increase in
Madinah twice the blessing
(Thou showered) upon
Makkah. (2)

O Allah! Bless our
Madinah, bless us in our
Sa` and Mudd, and make
twice Thy blessing. (3)

Let him die in Madinah
who can do so.
93
Masjid Quba


The prophet (‫)صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬
used to go to Masjid Quba on
Saturday morning and pray
two Rak'at there. In a Hadith,
he (‫ )صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬said that
doing so is equivalent to
performing a Umra.
Masjid Quba is located south
of Madinah at 2.34 miles
(3.75km) from the Prophet’s
Masjid.
94
Al-Masjid An-Nabawi


Salat in the Masjid of the
Prophet (‫ )صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬is
better than 1000 Salat
elsewhere, except Al-Masjid
Al-Haram.
Salat in the expansions of
the Masjid has the same
merit as Salat in the
original Masjid.
95
Visiting the Prophet’s grave (1)


The etiquette of entering the Prophet’s
Masjid is the same as any other Masjid.
Enter with the right foot, say the Du’a
and pray Tahiyyatul-Masjid.
Walk respectfully with calmness, and say
salam to the Prophet (‫ )صلى ہللا علیه وسلم‬when
you get in front of the first big hole in the
middle section of the brass screen.
Move to the next small hole and say
salam to Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq ( ‫رضي ہللا‬
‫)عنه‬.
Move to the third small hole and say
salam to ‘Umar Ibn Al-Khattaab ( ‫رضي‬
‫)ہللا عنه‬.
96