M10 TZ2 Review
Paper 1
interphase
G1: growth, protein synthesis, increase in
the number of mitochondria and/or
chloroplasts
S: DNA replication
G2: growth, protein synthesis, preparation
for mitosis/cytokinesis
DNA profiling
2. Polymerase chain reaction
• Purpose: make copies of DNA
• Two strands of DNA separate
(DNA denaturation due to
high temperature)
• DNA polymerase from
Thermus aquaticus (a
bacteria that lives in hot
springs)
• Synthesizes new DNA strand
by using complementary
strand as template
Check out i-Biology + Green study guide
Antibiotics
• Antibiotics take advantage of the difference between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
– E.g. Antibiotics are designed to disrupt structures
or metabolic pathways
Paper 2
How do you create a GMO?
• Three components:
– 1. The gene you want to
transfer
– 2. The organism you want to
put it into (target species)
– 3. The vector to carry the
gene into the target species
• Plasmid = medium (vector)
by which genes of interest
are transferred to host
– Small loops of bacterial DNA
Cutting, pasting and copying DNA
• Restriction enzymes
– used to cut the desired section of the
DNA
– recognizes unique sequences of DNA
in plasmid and in gene of interest
– Cuts complementary sticky ends in
gene of interest and plasmid
– allow incorporation of gene of
interest into plasmids
• DNA ligase
– creates covalent bonds by joining
together gene of interest within
plasmid,
– producing recombinant DNA
Paper 3
G1 d. Discuss the impact of alien
species on ecosystems
"Give an account including, where possible,
a range of arguments for and against the
relative importance of various factors, or
comparisons of alternate hypotheses."
All IB Biology questions and assessment statements are built around these
command terms, which let you know exactly what is expected of you.
They are grouped according to the objectives of IB Biology:
Objective 1: Demonstrate an understanding of:
- scientific facts and concepts
Define
Measure
List
Label
- scientific methods and techniques
- scientific terminology
- methods of presenting scientific information
Objective 2: Apply and Use:
- scientific facts and concepts
State
Describe
Identify
Outline
Calculate
Estimate
Distinguish
- scientific methods and techniques
- scientific terminology to communicate effectively
- appropriate methods of presenting scientific information
Objective 3: Construct, Analyse and
Evaluate:
- hypotheses, research questions and predictions
- scientific methods and techniques
- scientific explanations
Draw
Apply
Annotate
Suggest Predict
Analyse
Discuss
Sketch
Deduce Show
Design
Construct Comment Explain Solve
Determine Compare Evaluate Derive
All definitions of command terms are taken
from the IB Biology Subject Guide:
http://xmltwo.ibo.org/publications/migrated/production
-app2.ibo.org/publication/7/part/1/chapter/7.html
Today
• LOOK OVER all the comments that I have
made on your paper/additional deductions
made.
• MAKE A LIST of what particular sections
and/or questions you need help on. I will meet
with each of you one-on-one (10 – 15 min per
student).