Medical Terminology
Integumentary System
Chapter 6
Student Objectives
• Define the main functions of the
integumentary system and its appendages.
• Identify combining forms, suffixes, and
prefixes related to the integumentary
system.
• Identify several primary and secondary skin
lesions.
• Explain major skin problems caused by
exposure.
Student Objectives
• Identify diagnostic, symptomatic, and
therapeutic terms and procedures related to
the integumentary system.
• Define the abbreviations related to the
integumentary system.
• Explain pharmacology related to the
treatment of integumentary disorders.
Functions of the Integumentary
System
• skin
–
–
–
–
–
–
protects against bacterial invasion
reservoir for food and water
sensory receptor
synthesis of vitamin D
regulate body temperature and water
prevents dehydration
Epidermis
• outermost layer
• epithelium
– strata or layers
– keratin (a fibrous protein)
• no blood vessels or nerve supply in
epidermis
Dermis or Corium
Living Tissue
capillaries
lymphatics
nerve endings
hair follicles
glands (sebaceous and
sweat)
Subcutaneous or Hypodermis
• connective tissue layer
• specializes in formation of fat
• adipose or fat cells provide a food reserve
and insulation
Appendages of the Skin
•
•
•
•
Hair
Glands
Nails
Breasts
Hair
•
•
•
•
hair shaft
hair follicles
papilla
alopecia
Glands of the Skin
• sudoriferous
– sweat glands
– cool the body
• sebaceous
– sebum(oil)
• ceruminous glands
– modified sweat glands
located in ear canals
– cerumen
Nails
• cuticle
• lunula
Breasts or Mammary Glands
• Present in both males and females
• estrogen stimulation causes adipose tissue
and increased size
• progesterone stimulation causes formation
of lobules for milk production
Suffixes
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
-cyte
-derma
-gram
-graph
-graphy
-logist
-logy
-therapy
Prefixes
•
•
•
•
Epihyperhyposub-
Pathology
• Primary Skin Lesions
– often due to healing process
• Secondary Skin Lesions
– result of the primary skin lesions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
excoriation
abrasion
contusion
laceration
ulcers
cicatrix
keloid
Primary Lesions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
macule
papule
nodule
vesicle
bulla
pustule
wheal
scales
fissure
Burns-First Degree
Superficial
•
•
•
•
Outer Layer of Epidermis
erythema
hyperesthesia
Example: Sunburn
Burns-Second Degree
Partial Thickness
• damages portion of
epidermis and dermis
• vesicles or bullae
• regeneration can occur if no
infection
Burns-Third Degree
Full-Thickness
• involves epidermis and dermis
• can extend into subcutaneous
tissue, bone and muscle
• cannot heal spontaneously
• dermatoplasty
Frostbite
• Local skin destruction
• Result of freezing
• Classified according to severity
– first, second, third
Oncology
• Neoplasm
– malignant or benign
– metastsize
• TNM system
– T-size and extent of primary tumor
– N-number of lymph nodes involved
– M-metastases of primary tumor
Carcinoma
• Basal Cell Carcinoma
• Carcinoma of the Breast
– nulliparous, menarche
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma
– in situ, invasive
• Malignant Melanoma
– melanocytes
Diagnostic, Symptomatic,
Therapeutic Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Chloasma
comedo
decubitus ulcer
dermatomycosis
desqumation
ecchymosis
eczema
Diagnostic, Symptomatic,
Therapeutic Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Erythema
eschar
hirsutism
impetigo
keratosis
lentigo
pallor
pediculosis
Diagnostic, Symptomatic,
Therapeutic Terms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pemphigus
petechia, petechiae
pruritus
psoriasis
purpura
scabies
tinea
urticaria
vitiligo
verruca
Diagnostic Procedures
• Mammography, mammogram
• xeromammography
Surgical and Therapeutic
Procedures
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Allograft, skin graft, xenograft
biopsy
debridement
dermabrasion
fulguration
lumpectomy
mammoplasty, mastectomy
Pharmacology
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Anti-infectives, antibacterials, antifungals
anti-inflammatory, topical corticosteriods
antipruritics
antiseptics
keratolytics
parasiticides
protectives
topical anesthetics
Abbreviations
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bx
decub.
Derm.
FS
I&D
ID
SC, sc, subcu, subq
ung
End of Chapter 6