 ________- a cell or group of cells that have
ability to manufacture and discharge a
secretion.
 _____________- specialized protein
molecules that are produced in the RER,
packaged by the golgi and discharged from the
cell.
 Glandular epithelial cells have prominent ER,
Golgi
 Secretions may be sent far away in the body for
use.
 Multicellular glands form in utero
 A layer of epithelial cells folds inward
(___________).
 Invaginations form ducts that lead to the epithelial
surface

Some glands (__________) lose the duct and
become separated from the original epithelium
Glandular
Epithelia
 Glands can be classified by the following factors:
 Presence or absence of _________
 Endocrine vs. Exocrine
 __________ of cells that compose them
 Unicellular vs multicellular
 __________ of secreting ducts
 Simple or compound
 _____________ of glandular structure
 Tubular, acinar, tubuloacinar
 Type of ____________ made
 Mucoid or serous
 Manner in which secretion is _____________ and _____________
 Merocrine, apocrine, or holocrine
 No ________ (cells die)
 Produce and Secrete _____________
 Regulate body functions (growth,
maturity, sex cycle)
 Blood stream delivers secretions to entire
body
 ___________ within the gland bring
secretions to the circulatory system
 Endocrine glands are part of the Endocrine
System
Endocrine Glands
 Contain ducts (except for ________ cells)
 Have _______ effect. Discharge secretions
via ducts directly into nearby areas.
 Secretions act locally and do not enter into
the circulatory system
 Examples of secretions:
 Egg/Sperm
 Saliva
 Bile
 Pancreatic and liver digestive enzymes
 Musk (scent)
 Sweat
 Anal (scent glands)
Exocrine
Glands
 Only unicellular exocrine gland
 _____less
 Opens into GI, respiratory tracts,
conjunctiva
 Composed of a modified
___________ epithelial cell.
 Found interspersed among the
columnar cells of the respiratory and
digestive tracts and conjunctive of eye
 Secretes _______: (polysaccharides,
proteins, and glycoproteins)
 when mixed with water → mucus
 Mucus functions to protect the apical
surface of the epithelial cell and traps
microorganisms and foreign particles
Unicellular Exocrine Gland:
Goblet Cell
Multicellular Exocrine Glands
 Contain 2 distinct components:
 1) ___________ Unit
 Secretory cells usually surrounded by connective tissue rich in blood vessels and nerve
fibers.
 connective tissue provides nourishment to the secretory cells/unit and gives
structural support
 2) ________
 carries secretion to its deposit site
 _____epithelial cells may be present that assist with the discharge of
secretions into the glandular duct.
 Rate of secretion production is controlled by hormonal and nervous
influences
Classification of
Multicellular Exocrine
Glands: Shape
 Based on shape and number of
tubes
 If main duct is unbranched, the
gland is ________
 If main duct is branched, gland
is __________
 If secretory cells form a long
channel of even width, gland is
_________
 If cells form a rounded sac, it is
_________ or acinar
 Glands with both tubular and
alveolar qualities are
tubuloalveolar or tubuloacinar
Classification of Exocrine Glands: Manner
of secretion
 How much of a cell is sacrificed in the act of secretion
determines the classification:
 Merocrine
 Glands package their secretions and release them via exocytosis
as they are manufactured
 Secretory cells remain intact
 Majority of glands

(ex: pancreas, sweat glands, salivary glands)
 Apocrine
 Glands store their secretions in the apex of the secretory cell
after they are manufactured. When apex is full, it is pinched off
and released with the secretions into the duct system. Cell is
repaired and process is repeated.

(ex: mammary glands, some sweat glands)
 Holocrine
 Glands store their secretions until they are needed. The cell lyses,
releasing its contents. Cell dies and is replaced via mitosis.

(ex: sebaceous glands)