Tissues of the
Body
From Cells to Organ Systems
• Cells combine to form tissues, and
tissues combine to form organs
• Cells combine to form four primary
tissues
– Epithelial tissue
– Connective tissue
– Muscle tissue
– Nervous tissue
Epithelium
• Two types:
– membranous epithelia
• form the coverings or linings of organs
– glandular epithelia
• form exocrine and endocrine glands
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelium-Human Stomach
Glandular Epithelia
• Epithelial tissues
illustrate a basic
biological
principle: that
structure closely
correlates with
function
• Figure 4.4
Connective Tissue
• Binds the cells and organs of
the body together
– All connective tissues
consist of two basic
components: cells and
extracellular fibers
• Two types of connective
tissue are:
– Connective tissue proper
– Specialized connective
tissue
Section 4-1
Connective Tissue
Connectiv
e Tissue
Connective Tissue
• An important structural component of organs
– Consists of two types:
• Dense connective tissue
• Loose connective tissue
Connective Tissue
Specialized Connective Tissues
• Perform specific functions essential to homeostasis
• The body contains three types of specialized
connective tissue:
• Cartilage
• Bone
• Blood
•Cartilage
–Consists of specialized
cells embedded in a matrix
of extracellular fibers and
other extracellular material
•Blood
–Contains blood cells,
platelets, plasma
Osseous Tissue
• Bone
– Consists of bone cells
(osteocytes) and a
calcified cartilage
matrix
• Two types of bone
tissue exist: spongy
and compact
Osseous Tissue
Muscle Tissue
• Consists of specialized cells that contract when
stimulated
• The body has three types of muscle tissue:
• Skeletal (voluntary)
• Cardiac (involuntary)
• Smooth muscle (involuntary)
Muscle Tissue
M
u
s
c
l
e
T
i
s
s
u
e
Nervous Tissue
• Contains specialized cells
that conduct impulses
• Conducting cells, called
neurons, transmit
impulses from one region
of the body to another.
• Nonconducting cells,
neuroglia, are a type of
nervous system
connective tissue.
Nerve Tissue
Nerve Tissue
Organ Systems
• Tissues combine to form organs.
– Organs are discrete structures that have evolved to
perform specific functions
– Most organs do not function alone, they are part of a
group of cooperative organs, called an organ
system.
Let’s go to the Video
Body Tissues
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