Pan American Health Organization
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Outline of Presentation
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PAHO profile and leadership
Accomplishments
History Structure and presence in the Americas
Vision/ Mission
Governing Bodies and Member States
Confronting challenges in health, some examples
EHealth Strategy – Background Vision and Areas of
Work
Pan American Health Organization
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ORGANIZATION’S PROFILE
PAHO works with all the countries in
the Western Hemisphere to improve
health and raise living standards
throughout the Region.
Pan American Health Organization
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ORGANIZATION’S LEADERSHIP
Director:
Dr. Mirta Roses Periago
Deputy Director:
Dr. Jon Andrus
Assistant Director:
Dr. Socorro Gross
Director of Administration:
Mr. Guillermo Birmingham
Pan American Health Organization
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Some Key PAHO/WHO
Accomplishments
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Successful eradication of smallpox, polio, measles, and rubella from the
Americas.
Virtual elimination of other childhood killer diseases such as diphtheria, pertussis,
and tetanus.
Defense of the Americas against dangerous threats of infectious diseases or reemerging diseases, such as yellow fever, malaria, influenza, TB and AIDS.
Much improved emergency preparedness and disaster response in the
Americas, which provides the ability to control and contain disasters across
borders.
Implementation of the International Health Regulations, which provides a global
and regional framework for disease outbreak reporting, accountability and
information sharing.
Access to clean drinking water and adequate sanitation aimed at reducing
illness, death, and spread of disease across borders.
Access to information about disease incidence and health measures to all
countries in the Americas.
Improved and efficient health systems within individual countries.
Pan American Health Organization
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ORGANIZATION’S HISTORY
1902
• International Sanitary Bureau (ISB) is formed by the First
General International Sanitary Convention of American States
1923 • ISB renamed Pan American Sanitary
1924
Bureau
• Adoption of the Pan American Sanitary
Code which continues in force today
Pan American Health Organization
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ORGANIZATION’S HISTORY
1936
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1958
• Ratification of the Pan American Sanitary Code by all the
American Republics
• International Health Conference drafts the Constitution for a
World Health Organization
• Pan American Sanitary Conference reorganizes the Bureau
and its Governing Bodies, and gives a new name to the
organization: the “Pan American Sanitary Organization”
(PASO)
• Establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO)
• PASO also becomes the WHO Regional Office for the
Americas (AMRO).
• PASO becomes the specialized agency for health for the
Inter–American System
• Pan American Sanitary Organization is renamed Pan
American Health Organization (PAHO)
Pan American Health Organization
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PAHO DIRECTORS TO DATE
Walter Wyman
Rupert Blue
Hugh S. Cumming
Fred L. Soper
Abraham Horwitz
Hector Acuña
Carlyle Guerra de Macedo
George A.O. Alleyne
Mirta Roses Periago
Pan American Health Organization
1902 - 1911
1911 - 1920
1920 - 1947
1947 - 1959
1959 - 1975
1975 - 1983
1983 - 1995
1995 - 2003
2003 – to date
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Regional Structure
EURO
Copenhagen,
Denmark
HQ
Geneva,
Switzerland
WPRO
Manila,
Philippines
AMRO
Washington, DC
USA
EMRO
Cairo,
Egypt
AFRO
Brazzaville,
Rep. Du Congo
Pan American Health Organization
SEARO
New Delhi,
India
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PRESENCE OF PAHO IN THE REGION
CFNI
CAREC
INCAP
CEPIS
PANAFTOSA
BIREME
CLAP
Headquarters
Country Offices
Centers
Pan American Health Organization
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PAHO AS A SPECIALIZED AGENCY OF
THE UN AND INTER–AMERICAN SYSTEMS
Specialized Agency of
the Organization of
American States
Inter–American System
PAHO
UN System
Regional Office of
the World Health
Organization
Pan American Health Organization
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VISION
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A united Hemisphere committed to attaining
the highest possible level of health for all its
inhabitants.
Governments that exercise leadership and
responsibility in calling on society as a whole
to improve the health of the people.
Individuals, families, communities, and
institutions empowered to seek social justice
by promoting health and protecting life.
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MISSION
To lead strategic collaborative efforts among
Member States and other partners to
promote equity in health, combat disease,
and improve the quality of, and lengthen, the
lives of the peoples of the Americas.
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PAHO GOVERNING BODIES
Pan American Sanitary Conference
The Pan American Sanitary Conference, made
up of delegations from all countries of the
Americas, is the supreme governing authority of
the Organization and meets every five years. It
elects the Director of the Organization and sets
policy.
(8)
Pan American Health Organization
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PAHO GOVERNING BODIES
Directing Council
The Directing Council, made up largely of
health ministers, meets annually. It approves
budgets and policy matters.
Executive Committee
The Executive Committee is composed of nine
Member States, elected by the Conference or
the Council. It meets twice a year, and sets the
agenda and reviews technical issues for the
Conference or Council.
(9)
Pan American Health Organization
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PAHO MEMBER STATES
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Pan American Health Organization
Participating States
France
Kingdom of the
Netherlands
United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern
Ireland
Associate Member
Puerto Rico
Observer States
Spain
Portugal
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Chronic Disease Burden in the Americas, 2007
Chronic respiratory disease
10%
TOTAL NCD DEATHS 2007
3,9 M
Other NCDs 7%
Diabetes 8%
45%
Cardiovascular
diseases
30%
Cancer
145 million smokers; 139 million overweight
Higher burden in poor and less educated
Approx 250 million people living with an NCD in the Americas, N= 940 million
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What is the Pan American Forum?
• The Pan American Forum for Action on Chronic Disease
is a platform established by PAHO, which brings together
government, private sector and civil society to raise
awareness of and help scale-up successful practices for
the prevention and control of NCDs/chronic diseases and
promotion of health at all levels
• Approach relevant to all countries which will be needed to
intensify action after the UN High Level Meeting on NCDs
Pan American Health Organization
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Country Examples of Cost Effective
Interventions
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Tobacco taxes and smoke free spaces (Uruguay)
Trans Fat Free Americas initiative
Reduction of sodium in bread, Argentina; restaurants New York
Ciclovias (car free Sundays)
Mass communication and public education (USA)
Scale up basic health care for diabetes/hypertension (Brazil)
Reduce amputations through foot care (T&T)
School meals reformulation as part of obesity law (Colombia)
Quality of care improved using “promotoras” (Mexico)
Workplace wellness programs (Argentina, Brazil)
Access to NCD medicines for free (Jamaica, T&T, Brazil)
• Mostly outside the health sector; need broader political
commitment, and all of society approach
Pan American Health Organization
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Social Determinants of Health
• Health inequities cause unnecessary suffering
resulting from social conditions and failing public
policies
• Health affected by differences in income, wealth,
ethnicity, racism, class, gender, education, disability,
sexual orientation, and geographic location
• Health inequities due to SDHs are preventable
Pan American Health Organization
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5 Building Blocks for addressing
Social Determinants of Health
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Governance to tackle root causes
Promoting community participation and leadership
Role of health sector in reducing health inequities
Global action on social determinants; aligning
priorities and stakeholders
• Monitoring progress
Pan American Health Organization
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eHealth Strategy
Pan American Health Organization
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Current state of telemedicine
services
Telemedicine services globally
Telemedicine services by WHO region
Telemedicine services by WB income
group
Other telemedicine initiatives occurring
around the world
Global Survey on eHealth
http://www.paho.org
Factors facilitating telemedicine
development
Governance
Policy and strategy
Scientific development
Evaluation processes
Global Survey on eHealth
http://www.paho.org
Global Survey on eHealth
Current level of development of four fields of telemedicine:
- teleradiology
- teledermatology
- telepathology
- telepsychology
As well as four mechanisms that facilitate the promotion and
development of telemedicine:
- the use of a national agency
- national policy or strategy
- scientific development
- evaluation.
Telemedicine - opportunities and developments in Member States discusses
the results of the telemedicine module, which was completed by 114
countries 59% of Member States)
eHealth Strategy
Conceptual model:
http://new.paho.org/ict4health/images/stories/ict4health/ehealth-programeng.pdf
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• eHealth Strategy
Pan American Health Organization
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eHealth Strategy
PAHO/WHO Resolution 2011
CD51/13 — PAHO/WHO Strategy and Plan of
Action on eHealth
CD51/13 — OPS/OMS Estrategia y Plan de
acción sobre eSalud
CD51/13— OPAS/OMS Estratégia e Plano de
Ação para eSaúde
Pan American Health Organization
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The objective of the eHealth Strategy and Plan
of Action :
To help ensure the sustainable development of the Member
States’ health systems.
Adoption of the eHealth Strategy and Plan of Action is envisaged
as a means of improving health services access and quality,
based on:
- the use of information and communications technologies ICT’s
- the development of digital literacy and ICTs, and
- the use of various methods,
facilitating progress toward the goal of societies
that are more informed, and equitable
Pan American Health Organization
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eHealth •
Strategy
Strategic area 1:
Guarantee and promote the formulation,
execution, and evaluation of effective,
comprehensive, and sustainable public policies
on the use and implementation of ICT’s in the
health sector
• Strategic area 2:
Improve public health through the use of tools
and methodologies based on innovative ICT’s
• Strategic area 3:
Promote and facilitate horizontal cooperation
among countries for development of a digital
health agenda for the Region.
• Strategic area 4:
Development of knowledge management, digital
literacy, and ICT’s as key elements for ensuring
the quality of care, health promotion, and
disease prevention activities.
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The vision of PAHO
• Universal access to health services with a better quality of
care
• Expansion of the social protection with regard to health by
means of health systems based on primary health care
• Competent, available, and motivated health personnel
• Sources of reliable information in real time for the
decision-making
• Exchange of knowledge and information within scattered
and among them populations
The vision of PAHO
• Systems of supervision and surveillance that use mobile and
wireless communication devices (for example, the
`Expanded Program on Immunization`)
• Objects of learning in real time for the e-learning and
training to form competencies and motivate the teams of
primary health care
• Tools and methods of formation of social networks for
emergencies and disasters
• Access to clinical services specialized to increase the
capacity of the first level of care
The vision of PAHO
• Support for the programs guided to `human resources development
within the educational programs of eHealth and telemedicine
• Universal and open access to information, knowledge, and up-todate scientific data
• Registry and recovery of scientific data and procedures of
documentation through automated health systems and services, for
example, workflows and clinical histories
• Terminology supply, classifications, concepts, and ontologies to
structure the storage, the recovery, and the navigation in sources
and information flows
• Collection, indexing, publication, and dissemination of technical and
scientific information on eHealth
Projects at PAHO
Projects at PAHO
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Virtual collaboration and practice communities
social Networks
Web 2.0 of PAHO ( http://www.paho.org)
`Virtual Public Health Campus` (
http:/www.campusvirtualsp.org/)
Virtual Health Library ( http://www.bvs.br/)
Regional public health observatory (
http:/devserver.paho.org/rpho/)
Telemedicine
Digital Literacy
Virtual collaboration and practice communities
Conference
Web
3 Languages and interpretation
Regional Bureau of
PAHO - Task
Equipment
Ministries of
Health
All the Country
Offices and
Centers of PAHO
Pandemic H1N1 2009
Tools for:
Thematic Networks Development
• Dissemination of
Information
• Knowledge sharing events
• Learning and collaboration
• ToolKits, papers
• Surveys and data
• Publications Lit.Rev.
• Young Professionals on
eHealth YP’s eSAC Project
Public / Private Partnerships
Dissemination of
Information
• E-health
– Reaching
communities
– Teaching
communities
– Empowering
communities
– Enriching
communities
Health
Technologies
eHealth
mHealth
Social media
Thank you
Twitter
Facebook
TeleHealth
Medical Devices
Lucia Ruggiero
Knowledge Management and
Communications DD/ KMC
PAHO/WHO