Day1/ Session 3
Governance and Perspective of
Decentralization & Deconcentration
Objectives
At the end of the session participants will be able to:
1. Define in practical terms the meaning of
governance, decentralization and
deconcentration.
2. Explain the reasons of implementing the
decentralization and deconcentration reforms.
3. Describe the core foundations of decentralization
and deconcentration reforms.
Tips of the Session
Governance
The Importance of
D&D Reforms
Deconcentration
Decentralization
Policy and Legal
Frameworks that
help support the
implementation of
D&D Reforms
vishmCÄkar
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
Questions for Small Group Discussion
• Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6:
Question: “What is governance? and briefly
describe what you have observed about
governance in Cambodia”
• Group 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12:
Question: “What is good governance? What are
the principles of good governance? and briefly
describe what you have observed about good
governance in Cambodia”
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Governance
What is Governance?
The Governance means the
ways in which nation-state,
institutions manage its
economic and social affairs, and
security, in the interests, and on
the behalf, of its citizens.
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Good Governance
What is Good Governance?
Good governance is the means that state,
institutions, or organizations use to govern
economy, social affairs, and security to serve the
common interests of the citizens by fulfilling 8
principles below: Good Governance for C/S councils by DOLA/MOI, Nov05, page6
1. Participation
8. Responsiveness
7. Accountability
2. Rule of Law
Good
Governance
6. Effectiveness
5. Equity
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3. Transparency
4. Consensus oriented
Democratic Culture
Improve Public Service
Delivery and Infrastructure
Social and Economic Development
Good Governance
Poverty Alleviation
Equity
Consensus
oriented
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Questions for Pair Discussion
1. What is Decentralization?
2. What is Deconcentration?
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Decentralization
Decentralization: The Royal Government gives subnational councils, such as Municipal, Provincial,
Districts, Khans, Communes, and Sangkat councils, the
ownership of functions, authorities and resources
(financial, property, and staff) in order to respond to
the local needs. The council must be accountable to
local residents.
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Deconcentration
Deconcentration: The Royal Government, ministries
or institutions delegate functions and resources to
their own lower unit or to a level of councils to
implement on behalf of the Royal Government, the
ministries or the institutions. The units or the councils
must be accountable to the Royal Government,
ministry or institutions in accordance with the
requirements of the delegation.
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Basic Principles of D&D
the reforms will strengthen the
The reform will introduce systems
roles of councils at provincial/
and procedures as ensure that
municipal, district/khan and
people, especially women,
commune/sangkat
administrations to be established
Participation of
the
Democratic Representation
people
in accordance with the principles
powers, duties, responsibilities
Focusing
on poverty
reduction:
Basic
Priniciple
s of D&D
Reforms
The reforms will strengthen local
capacity in using resources to support
poverty reduction activities, especially
minorities can participate in
decision-making at provincial/
municipal, district/khan and
of democracy by expanding their
and resources.
vulnerable groups and indigenous
Effectiveness
vulnerable groups, indigenous
minorities and women and children in
order to achieve the Millennium
Development Goals of Cambodia.
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
commune/sangkat levels.
Public
sector
accountability
Reforms will strengthen
accountability at all levels of
administration and facilitate
citizens' oversight of the
administrative and financial
affairs of those administrations.
Reform will bring public services closer to users by allowing citizens to
participate in planning and monitoring public services in order to meet local
needs and priorities. The reform will also improve administration and
coordination, strengthen the management capacity of provinces/
municipalities, districts/khans and communes/sangkats in order to promote
the quality of services and expand the delivery of public services.
Basic Principles of D&D
Democratic Representation
The reforms will strengthen the roles of councils at
provincial/municipal, district/khan and
commune/sangkat administrations to be
established in accordance with the principles of
democracy by expanding their powers, duties,
responsibilities and resources.
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
Basic Principles of D&D
Participation of the people
The reform will introduce systems and procedures
as ensure that people, especially women,
vulnerable groups and indigenous minorities can
participate in decision-making at provincial/
municipal, district/khan and commune/sangkat
levels.
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
Basic Principles of D&D
Public sector accountability
Reforms will strengthen accountability at all levels
of administration and facilitate citizens' oversight
of the administrative and financial affairs of those
administrations.
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Basic Principles of D&D
Effectiveness
Reform will bring public services closer to users by allowing
citizens to participate in planning and monitoring public
services in order to meet local needs and priorities.
The reform will also improve administration and
coordination, strengthen the management capacity of
provinces/ municipalities, districts/khans and
communes/sangkats in order to promote the quality of
services and expand the delivery of public services.
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
Basic Principles of D&D
Focusing on poverty reduction
The reforms will strengthen local capacity in using
resources to support poverty reduction activities,
especially vulnerable groups, indigenous minorities
and women and children in order to achieve the
Millennium Development Goals of Cambodia.
Pact Cambodia I www.pactcambodia.org
Question for Pair Discussion
Why do we need to have decentralization
and deconcentration reforms?
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Reasons for D&D Reforms
Reasons
• Citizens can participate in
local decisions
• Effective and closer public
service delivery to citizens
• Increase possibility of
resource mobilizing at local
level with contribution from
citizens, civil society and
private sector
Source - Key principles for management of Sub-National
Administrations by NCDDS Jun09,p7
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Objectives
• Strengthen multi-party
democracy at local level
• Promote social and economic
development
• Promote local development and
poverty reduction with local
ownership and the opportunity
for citizens to participate in the
decision making process
Source - Key principles for management of Sub-National
Administrations by NCDDS Jun09,p8
Question for Brainstorming
Is there any policy and legal framework that
help support the implementation of D&D
reforms?
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Key D&D Policy & Legal Frameworks
Policy Framework
• Rectangular Strategy
• Strategic Framework on
Decentralization and
Deconcentration reforms
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Legal Framework
• Law on Administrative
Management of
Commune/Sangkat
• Law on Administrative
Management of the
Capital, Provinces,
Municipalities, Districts
and Khans