Photosynthesis:
Life from Light and Air
Regents Biology
Plants are energy producers
 Like animals, plants need energy to live

unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat
food to make that energy
 Plants make both FOOD & ENERGY
animals are consumers
 plants are producers

Regents Biology
How do plants make energy & food?
 Plants use the energy from the sun
to make ATP (energy)
 to make sugars

 glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more
sun
ATP
sugars
Regents Biology
Building plants from sunlight & air
 Photosynthesis
2 separate processes
 ENERGY building reactions
 LIGHT DEPENDENT RXN

sun
 collect sun energy
 use it to make ATP (chemical
ATP
energy)
SUGAR building reactions
H2O
 LIGHT INDEPENDENT RXN

 take the ATP energy
 collect CO2 from air &
H2O from ground
 use all to build sugars
Regents Biology
+
CO2
sugars
Using light & air to grow plants
 Photosynthesis
using sun’s energy to make ATP
 using CO2 & water to make sugar
 in chloroplasts (leaf)
 allows plants to grow
 makes a waste product

 oxygen (O2)
Regents Biology
What do plants need to grow?
 The “factory” for making
energy & sugars

sun
chloroplast
 Fuels
CO2
sunlight
 carbon dioxide
 water

 The Helpers

enzymes
Regents Biology
H2O
ATP
enzymes
sugars
Photosynthesis
sun
ENERGY
building
reactions
ATP
ADP
SUGAR
building
reactions
H2O
Regents Biology
used immediately
to synthesize sugars
sugar
CO2
Plant structure
 Chloroplasts


double membrane
stroma
outer membrane
inner membrane
 fluid-filled interior

thylakoid sacs
stroma
 Thylakoid membrane
contains



AP Biology
chlorophyll molecules
electron transport chain
ATP synthase
thylakoid
granum
Photosynthesis
 Light reactions
light-dependent reactions
 ENERGY conversion reactions

 convert solar energy to chemical energy
 ATP & NADPH (products – will move into the calvin
cycle)
 Calvin cycle
light-independent reactions
 SUGAR building reactions

 uses chemical energy (ATP & NADPH) to reduce CO2
AP Biology
& synthesize glucose - C6H12O6
From Light reactions to Calvin cycle
stroma
thylakoid
AP Biology
From Light reactions to Calvin cycle
 Calvin cycle

chloroplast stroma
 Need products of light reactions to
drive synthesis reactions
stroma
ATP
 NADPH

thylakoid
AP Biology
Photosynthesis summary
 Light reactions
produced ATP
 produced NADPH
 consumed H2O
 produced O2 as byproduct

 Calvin cycle
consumed CO2
 produced G3P (sugar)
 regenerated ADP
 regenerated NADP

AP Biology
Light Reactions
light  ATP + NADPH + O
2
energy
H 2O +
H2O
sunlight
Energy Building
Reactions
NADPH
ATP
AP Biology
O2
 produces ATP
 produces NADPH
 releases O2 as a
waste product
Calvin Cycle
CO2 + ATP + NADPH  C6H12O6 + ADP + NADP
CO2
ADP
NADP
Sugar
Building
Reactions
NADPH
ATP
AP Biology
sugars
 builds sugars
 uses ATP &
NADPH
 recycles ADP
& NADP
 back to make
more ATP &
NADPH
Energy cycle
sun
Photosynthesis
light
CO2 + H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + O2
plants
CO2
H2O
glucose
animals, plants
ATP
C6H12O6 + O2  energy + CO2 + H2O
Cellular Respiration
ATP
AP Biology
O2
Breakdown:
 http://www.bozemanscience.com/photo
synthesis
AP Biology
Metabolism Unit Vocabulary
Due 3/16/2015 (Monday after Spring Break)
Ch. 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Ch. 9: CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
 Aerobic vs. Cellular
Respiration
 Redox Reaction








(reduction, oxidation)
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle
Oxidative
Phosphorylation
Acetyl Co-A
Alcohol Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
AP Biology







Photosynthesis
Autotroph vs. Heterotroph
Mesophyll
Stomata
Stroma
Thylakoids
Chlorophyll






Carotenoids
Light Reaction
Calvin Cycle
Photosystem I (PS I) vs. Photosystem II (PS
II)
Calvin Cycle:






(a & b)
Phase I (carbon fixation, Rubisco)
Phase II (reduction)
Phase III (Regeneration of CO2 Receptors: RuBP)
C3 Plants
C4 Plants
CAM Plants