Mental Health Diagnostic and Procedural Coding
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Diagnostic and Procedural Coding Objective To improve diagnostic and procedural coding for mental health screening, assessment, referral, and intervention How do you document mental health services? Who documents mental health services? Where are mental health services documented? – (mental health chart, medical record, both charts, log sheet, database, encounter form) How do mental health providers and primary care providers share information about mental health services? What we’ll cover… Why code? General Coding Principles Mental Health Diagnostic Codes Mental Health Procedural Codes Reimbursement – Who can bill? – Fraud and Abuse Workplan suggestions Why Code??? “We can’t bill for mental health services, so why code?” You to: should still document in order – Justify your position – Assess mental health problems of school population – Track treatment – Track compliance – Assist in measuring outcomes – Demonstrate a need for mental health reimbursement Why Code Correctly? Reimbursement depends on services described by CPT codes--coding is the basis for reimbursement Diagnosis codes support medical necessity for services delivered Understanding coding assumptions and guidelines helps providers to optimize reimbursement Providers must establish integrity in the health care system Document necessity services Illustrate complexity of services General Coding Principles General Coding Principles The purpose of codes is to document services provided Documented services are likely to be paid Services not documented “never happened” Never “upcode” for the purpose of getting more money Most likely, you are undercoding General Coding Principles (cont.) Two Part Coding Process – CPT – “What you do” – ICD – “Why you do it” Diagnosis You must always have both! codes (ICD) must support procedure codes (CPT) General Coding Principles (cont.) Primary Steps for Coding an Encounter: – Provider chooses procedure code (CPT) from encounter form or superbill – Provider notes diagnosis, which is matched to a diagnosis code (ICD) Documentation Where to document codes? • • Encounter Form Database BOTH (if separate): mental health chart AND medical record Mental Health Diagnostic Codes Coding Systems ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification)/ DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual – Fourth Edition – Text Revised) * used by health care professionals to classify patient illnesses, injuries, and risk factors. Anxiety Disorders 300.01 Panic Disorder Without Agoraphobia 300.21 Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia 300.22 Agoraphobia Without History of Panic Disorder 300.29 Specific Phobia Specify type: Animal Type/Natural Environment Type/Blood-InjectionInjury Type/Situational Type/Other Type 300.23 Social Phobia Specify if Generalized 300.3Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Specify if With Poor insight 309.81 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Specify if Acute/Chronic Specify if With Delayed Onset 308.3 Acute Stress Disorder 300.02Generalized Anxiety Disorder 300.00Anxiety Disorder NOS Depressive Disorders 296.xx Major Depressive Disorder – .2x Single Episode – .3x Recurrent 300.4 Dysthymic Disorder Specify if Early Onset/Late Onset Specify With Atypical Features 311 Depressive Disorder NOS Disruptive Behavior Disorders 314.xx Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – .01 Combined Type – .00 Predominantly Inattentive Type – .01 Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type 314.9 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder NOS 312.xx Conduct Disorder – .81 Childhood-Onset Type – .82 Adolescent-Onset Type – .89 Unspecified Onset 313.81 Oppositional Defiant Disorder 312.9 Disruptive Behavior Disorder NOS Substance Abuse/Dependence 303.90 Alcohol Dependence/305.00 Alcohol Abuse 304.00Amphetamine Dependence/305.70 Amphetamine Abuse 304.30 Cannabis Dependence/305.20 Cannabis Abuse 304.20 Cocaine Dependence/305.60 Cocaine Abuse 304.50 Hallucinogen Dependence/305.30 Hallucinogen Abuse 304.60 Inhalant Dependence/305.90 Inhalant Abuse 305.1 Nicotine Dependence 304.00 Opioid Dependence/305.50 Opioid Abuse 304.60 Phencyclidine Dependence/305.90 Phencyclidine Abuse 304.10 Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Dependence/305.40 Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Abuse 304.80 Polysubstance Dependence 304.90 Other (or Unknown) Substance Dependence 305.90 Other (or Unknown) Substance Abuse The following specifiers apply to Substance Dependence as noted: With Psychological Dependence/Without Psychological Dependence Early Full Remission/Early Partial Remission/Sustained Full Remission/Sustained Partial Remission In a Contained Environment On Agonist Therapy Documentation of Diagnostic Codes Report the full ICD-9-CM code for the diagnosis shown to be chiefly responsible for the outpatient services. Providers should report the diagnosis to their highest degree of certainty. Mental Health Procedural Codes Coding Systems CPT (Current Procedural Terminology) codes that predominantly describe services & procedures. They provide a common billing language that providers and payers can use for payment purposes. Evaluation & Management (E&M) Codes 99201 – 99215 New and Established Patient Office Visits 99241 - 99245 Consultations 99361 - 99362 Case Management Services, Team Conferences 99371 - 99373 Case Management Services, Telephonic Mental Health Procedure Codes 90801 - 90802 Psychiatric Diagnostic or Evaluative Interview Procedures 90804 - 90829 Psychotherapy 90804 - 90815 Office or Other Outpatient Facility 90810 - 90815 Interactive Psychotherapy 90816 - 90829 Inpatient Hospital, Partial Hospital or Residential Care Facility 90845 - 90857 Other Psychotherapy 90862 - 90889 Other Psychiatric Services or Procedures Psychiatric Therapeutic Procedures CPT Codes 90804 – 90889 Psychotherapy is the treatment for mental illness and behavioral disturbances in which the clinician establishes a professional contract with the patient and, through definitive therapeutic communication, attempts to alleviate the emotional disturbances, reverse or change maladaptive patterns of behavior, and encourage personality growth and development. E&M Codes and MH Codes The Evaluation and Management services should not be reported separately, when reporting codes: 90805, 90807, 90809, 90811, 90813, 90815, 90817, 90819, 90822, 90824, 90827, 90829. Reimbursement Who can bill? Fraud and Abuse Who can bill? – What are the rules governing who can bill for mental health diagnosis/treatment in your state? Who Can Bill? Who can bill for behavioral health services? – Most states accept physicians, Clinican Psychologists (CP), Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSW) – However, each State has its own rules and many will pay for other professionals Coverage Issues A provider should know what services are covered. Services must be documented and medically necessary in order for payment to be made. Do you, as a provider, know if all services provided are covered? Are you documenting properly, and what about this “medically necessary” bit? How Much are you Paid? Reimbursement – Reductions in reimbursement rates by provider type Physician Clinical LCSW Other Psychologist - not discounted discounted further discounted discounted if covered Reimbursement Issues E&M codes are limited to physicians, Pas, NPs, nurses Same is true for 90805, 90807, 90809 codes An E&M (992XX) and a therapy (908XX) cannot be billed on the same date of service to most Medicaid programs Documentation and Coding: Fraud and Abuse Services MUST be medically necessary (determined by payers based on a review of services billed) Music, game, instrument, pet interaction therapies, sing-alongs, arts and crafts, and other similar activities should not be billed as group or individual activities. Services performed by a non-licensed provider particularly as “incident to” using the PIN of the licensed provider Elements of “Incident To” An integral part of the physician’s professional service Commonly rendered without charge or generally not itemized separately in the physician’s bill Of a type that are commonly furnished in physician’s office or clinic Furnished under the physician’s direct personal supervision Workplan Suggestions Actions Step: Review Program Services Define the Behavioral/Mental Health Services your students are receiving Determine if there are additional Behavioral/Mental Health Services you want to provide Action Step: Review and Modify Encounter Form Does encounter form include both diagnostic and procedural codes that would be used for behavioral health when delivered by primary care providers? Mental health providers? Do procedural codes represent all services provided (including those not billed for)? Do diagnostic codes represent all diagnostic categories (including those not billed for)? Action Step: Review and Modify Documentation Procedures Are diagnostic and procedure codes documented for in each progress note? Are codes for each encounter documented in both the SBHC medical record and mental health chart (if separate)? Are codes entered into database regardless of reimbursement? Action Step: Understand State Program and Provider Coverage Issues Research State Program Information www.cms.gov (Medicare Regulations) Search by state by Department of Health or Department of Mental Health to find state specific information Contact State Medicaid Assistance Program and determine specific Behavioral Health Service requirements Invite Medicaid Representatives to your facility or visit them to present Behavioral Health Program and clearly understand the requirements Questions to Answer What criteria must programs (SBHC) meet in order to provide behavioral health services? What providers are eligible to provide behavioral health services? What are your state’s credentialing and licensing requirements for providers of behavioral health services? What credentialing and licensing requirements are necessary for billing in your state? What are the guidelines for billing services as “incident to?” Action Step: Determine Reimbursement Estimates Obtain reimbursement rates by provider type for state and other programs Understand billing rules by payer, e.g. billing E&M visit same day as Behavioral Health visit, number of visits limits, auth/pre-authorizations, etc. Assure you have a complete understanding of program parameters re: Individual Therapy, Case Management, Special Behavioral Health Services, etc.
