CCNA 1 Module1
Objectives
Internet Connections
Physical – NIC card to connect to local net
Logical – Use a standard set of protocols (TCP/IP)
Applications – Web browsers, Html, FTP
PC Basics
Network Interface Card
NIC Card Resources
•
Serial Connection to the network (not a serial port)
•
IRQ (interrupt request)
•
I/O address (Port addresses)
•
Upper memory address range (640k-1M)
NIC – Modem Installation
Modem – modulator / demodulator
• Used to provide connectivity to analog telephone lines
• Low speed interface using serial or USB ports
NIC – Network Interface Card
• Interface for a host to the network
• Available in different types depending on computer system
and network
•PCMCIA (PC Card), ISA, PCI
•Desktop, notebook, server
•Ethernet, token ring, FDDI
Combination 56K Modem and 10/100Mbps NIC PC Card
56K External Modem – Front Panel Status Leds
PCMCIA 10/100 NIC Cards – Land based and Wireless
NIC Card designed for use in desktop system using PCI and
connection to Ethernet 10/100 network
External NIC Card using USB type interface
High Speed and Dial-up
Connectivity
•DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) and Cable modems provide the
most common forms of high speed access
•Provide low cost connectivity without affecting regular phone
or cable service.
TCP
Testing Connectivity
The Ping utility works by sending multiple IP packets to a
specified destination, each packet containing a request for
a response. Below are examples of ping commands that
are commonly used for testing network connectivity.
Web Browsers
Plug-ins
PC/Network Troubleshooting
Problems can exist in hardware, software or network
configuration as well as network cables and devices.
Binary Representation of Data
ASCII
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
The binary codes shown above use a weighted system where each digit has a
different positional weight (128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1).
A binary 0 might also mean off, low, disabled, 0V
A binary 1 might also mean on, high, enabled, +5V
Network Math
Base 10 Numbering System
Base 2 Numbering System
Converting Decimal to Binary
Converting Binary to Decimal
4-octet Dotted Decimal Notation
Hexadecimal
Boolean or Binary Logic
IP Addresses and Network Masks