UNIT 6
Streets
Full of Heroes
• Joe talks to Janet about
his London hero
• Cycle challenge
• A pilot’s act of bravery
• My hero is …
Starting point
Read the following quotes and sayings
about “Courage and Bravery”. And then
share your understandings with your partner.
Starting point
"A man with outward
courage dares to die. A
man with inward
courage dares to live.”
--Lao-Tzu
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Starting point
"Courage is the first of
human qualities because it
is the quality which
guarantees the others."
--Winston Churchill
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Starting point
“Life shrinks or expands in proportion to
one's courage.”
-- Anais Nin (1903-1977, Writer and Diarist)
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Starting point
“Bravery without intelligence is not bravery.”
“To fight once shows bravery, but to fight all
the time is stupid.”
“True bravery is without witness.”
"A hero is no braver than
an ordinary man, but he is
braver five minutes longer."
-- Ralph Waldo Emerson
Starting point
Work in pairs and define “Courage and Bravery”.
Volunteers are welcome to share your definitions with the
class.
Starting point
Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 Who is the bravest?
(a) A 12-year-old boy who throws himself
over his younger sister to protect her
from a dangerous dog.
(b) A woman who attacks a burglar who
is pointing a knife at her husband.
(c) A husband who donates a kidney to
his wife.
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Starting point
2 Which statement do you most
agree with?
(a) Men are braver than women.
(b) Women are braver than men.
(c) Both men and women are
equally brave.
3 Which statement do you most agree with?
(a) Some people are born braver than
others.
(b) Brave people lack imagination.
(c) Courage depends on circumstances.
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Starting point
4 Which of these people do
you admire most?
(a) Mountain rescue teams.
(b) Firemen.
(c) Nurses.
5 Which quality do you value
most in people?
(a) Courage.
(b) Honesty.
(c) Loyalty.
Starting point
click
There’s a hero
If you look inside your heart
You don't have to be afraid
Of what you are
There's an answer
If you reach into your soul
And the sorrow that you know
Will melt away
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Starting point
And then a hero comes along
With the strength to carry on
And you cast your fears aside
And you know you can survive
So when you feel like hope is gone
Look inside you and be strong
And you'll finally see the truth
That a hero lies in you
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Starting point
It's a long road
When you face the world alone
No one reaches out a hand
For you to hold
You can find love
If you search within yourself
And the emptiness you felt
Will disappear
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Starting point
And then a hero comes along
With the strength to carry on
And you cast your fears aside
And you know you can survive
So when you feel like hope is gone
Look inside you and be strong
And you'll finally see the truth
That a hero lies in you
>>>
Starting point
Oh oooh
Lord knows
Dreams are hard to follow
But don't let anyone
Tear them away, hey yeah
Hold on
There will be tomorrow
In time
You'll find the way
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Starting point
And then a hero comes along
With the strength to carry on
And you cast your fears aside
And you know you can survive
So when you feel like hope is gone
Look inside you and be strong
And you'll finally see the truth
That a hero lies in you
That a hero lies in you
Mhhh
That a hero lies in
You
Inside view
Language and Culture (1)
Brainstorm everything you know about him.
Brief introduction
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Inside view
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Inside view
Do the exercise on the next page to check how
much you remember.
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Inside view
Rearrange the events of Shakespeare’s lifetime.
(3)Shakespeare got married to Ann 8 years his senior.
(2)His father was a rich glovemaker in Stratford.
(7) Shakespeare wrote many plays and poems.
(6 ) He was away for 20 years.
(8 ) In 1599 his theatre was opened.
(10) Shakespeare went back to Stradford and died in
1616.
(4 ) They had three children.
(1) Shakespeare was born in 1564.
(9) But life got hard in London, a plague hit the city
and the theater was closed.
(5 ) Shakespeare left his family and went to London.
Inside view
Language and Culture (2)
The Original Theaters
Entrance
Top View >>>
Inside view
The New Globe Theater
The New Theaters rebuilt on September 19, 1999.
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Inside view
The Globe
 An example of an Elizabethan black
and white building. (The main wooden
beams are painted black and the areas
in between painted white.)
 The roof of the Globe is made from
thatch consisting
of dried straw
and reeds.
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Inside view
Shakespeare’s plays are still done in globe
theaters around the world.
Inside view
Vocabulary learning (1)
thatch
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Inside view
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Inside view
roof tile
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Inside view
British playwright George
Bernald Shaw
Irish playwright Oscar Wilde
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Inside view
Verona’s (意大利北部城市罗维纳)
Statue of Juliet draws for tourists
who love William Shakespeare's
play about star-crossed lovers.
Inside view
Language and Culture (3)
 Can you name some of Shakespeare’s
plays? What are they about?
Inside view
 Match the names of Shakespeare’s works
with their stories.
the story of the Prince of Denmark’s
The
Merchant efforts towards and worries about
of Venice revenging the murder of his father
by his uncle.
The
Tempest
the story of a strange agreement to
give a pound’s weight of flesh if a
debt is not paid on time, and the
love story of Bassanio and Portia.
Hamlet
the story of events on a magic island
where past wrongs are put right.
Inside view
 Read the short summaries of three of
Shakespeare’s most famous plays. Which is
a comedy, which is a history and which is a
tragedy?
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Inside view
This play takes place in Venice where a young
man of 18 falls in love with a girl of 14. But,
there is a problem - their families are enemies.
The man is not allowed to meet the girl, but he
does in secret. Then he sees the girl on the
ground and he thinks she is dead.
He is so upset that he kills himself.
When the girl wakes up and sees
him dead, she kills herself.
Tragedy: Romeo and Juliet
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Inside view
A brother (Sebastian) and sister (Viola) are
shipwrecked, but they both think the other one
has died. Viola arrives at the palace of Count
Orsino dressed as a boy. The Count is in love
with Olivia, the daughter of a local lord, but she
doesn’t love him. He asks Viola to take a letter
to Olivia telling her how much he loves her.
When Viola arrives Olivia falls in love with her
because she looks like a man (she is still dressed
in boy’s clothes). Then Sebastian is found alive
and in the end Olivia marries Viola’s brother,
Sebastian, and the Count marries Viola!
Comedy: Twelfth Night
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Inside view
This play takes place in ancient Rome. A
group of men decide to kill the Emperor.
They kill him on March 15th. Then the
Emperor’s nephew comes to Rome to try
and find the men who killed his uncle and kill
them. One of these men – Brutus – is so
unhappy about what he has done that he
wants to kill himself.
History: Julius Caesar
Inside view
Language and Culture (4)
Activity 1
What comes into your mind when hearing about
it?
 Shakespeare wrote it.
 It's a love story.
 The main characters are very
young.
 There is a family feud.
 It ends tragically.
 The language is hard to
understand.
Inside view
Activity 2
Who said the quotes?
• “O, speak again, bright angel for
thou art as glorious to this night, being
o’er my head, as is a winged
messenger of heaven… When he
bestrides the lazy puffing clouds and
sails upon the bosom of the air.”
Romeo
The Nurse
Juliet
Answer: Romeo
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Inside view
• “O, Romeo, Romeo!
Wherefore art thou
Romeo? Deny thy father
and refuse thy name; Or,
if thou wilt not, be but
sworn my love, and I’ll
no longer be a Capulet.”
Romeo
Romeo’s mum
Juliet
Answer: Juliet
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Inside view
• “Let me be ta’en, let me
be put to death. I am
content so thou wilt
have it so…I have more
care to stay than will to
go. Come, death, and
welcome!... Let’s talk; it
is not day.”
Romeo
The Nurse
Juliet
Answer: Romeo
Inside view
Vocabulary learning (2)
He’s one of my
favorite
magicians.
Do you know
Liu Qian, the
magician from
Taiwan? I love
him.
Inside view
You reckon
you could
answer a few
questions?
Gladly,
Sir!
Inside view
8 Work in pairs and answer the questions
about Everyday English.
Everyday English
 So they get soaking wet.
 (It) blows me away.
 I sure do.
 at one time or another
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Inside view
Use Everyday English to finish the sentences.
1. A: Do you wanna go hang out with me
and my friends?
I sure do
B: ___________!
2. On a rainy and blustery day it is not
get soaking wet when wrestling
unusual to ________________
with a troublesome brolly (伞).
3. I am really _______________
blown away by Yaoming’s
three pointers.
4. Do all men cheat _______________________
at one time or another
whilst being in a relationship?
Inside view
9 Work in pairs and act out the conversation.
Student A
Student B
Student A
Student B
Student A
Student B
Student A
Student B
Ask Student B to tell you about their
personal heroes.
Tell Student A one or two people
who you really admire.
Express surprise and ask a question
about one of the heroes.
Reply and tell Student A another
interesting fact about your hero.
Express surprise. Ask why Student B
sees this person as a hero.
Reply.
Make a comment and ask about
the hero’s popularity.
Speculate about your hero’s popularity.
Inside view
Top 10 List of Favorite Shakespeare Quotations:
Quotation No. 1
All the world's a stage. And all the men
and women merely players.
Quotation No. 2
If you can look into the seeds of time, and
say which grain will grow and which will
not, speak then unto me.
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Inside view
Quotation No. 3
No profit grows where there is no pleasure
ta'en.
Quotation No. 4
The evil that men do lives after them; The
good is oft interred with their bones.
Quotation No. 5
The little foolery that wise men have makes
a great show.
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Inside view
Quotation No. 6
Come what come may, Time and the hour
runs through the roughest day.
Quotation No. 7
The course of true love never did run
smooth.
Quotation No. 8
The web of our life is of a mingled yarn,
good and ill together.
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Inside view
Quotation No. 9
Love looks not with the eyes, but with the
mind; And therefore is winged Cupid
painted blind.
Quotation No. 10
There is nothing either good or bad, but
thinking makes it so.
Outside view
Predict the content of the video clip with the
help of the above pictures and the below
words. Complete the table on the next page.
trek n. 艰苦漫长旅程
trio n. 三人一组
prosthetic a. 假肢的
limb n. 肢；臂；腿
diversity n. 多样性
disability n. 残疾
couch n. 长沙发
spectacular a. 惊人的
sunburnt a. 晒伤的
marvellous a. 使人极其
快乐(或激动)的
fabulous a. 极好的
Greece 希腊
Glasgow 格拉斯哥(英
格兰中南部港市)
Athens 雅典
Outside view
米科诺斯岛
when
where
who
what
why
格拉斯哥
Outside view
Language and Culture (1): Otto Bock
Otto Bock
Germany
Otto Bock US
Otto Bock is a German prosthetics company. It
was founded in 1919 by its namesake prosthetist,
Otto Bock. It was created in reaction to the large
number of injured veterans from World War I.
Outside view
Language and Culture (2):
Scotland
Scotland as a consequence
of its northerly position on
the edge of the Atlantic has
a very wet, windy and at
times cold climate.
Outside view
Ready? Go!
>>>
Outside view
“I work in astronomy and
study black holes in space.
Over the years I have been
voted the second-most
intelligent person in Britain
and was amused to be listed
among the world’s 10 sexiest
men. I’m honored to be an
inspiring role model.”
Stephen William Hawking.
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Outside view
Ever heard To Alice? Well I wrote
the music. Unmarried, I did not lack
passion for love.
I was Born in Bonn, Germany, but
moved to Vienna, Austria, where I
gained my world wide fame as an
accomplished pianist, conductor,
violinist and composer.
Ludwig van
Beethoven.
Click to enjoy my music
to Alice.
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Outside view
I was blind and deaf. Still I
could talk, write, read, and
make friends. In fact, I went to
college, wrote nearly a dozen
books, traveled all over the
world, met 12 US presidents,
and lived an age of 87.
Helen Keller.
Click to learn more
about me.
Outside view
“The only disability in life is
a bad attitude.”
- Scott Hamilton
"I was slightly brain
damaged at birth,
and I want
people like me to
see that they
shouldn't let a disability get in the way. I
want to raise awareness - I want to turn my
disability into ability."
- Susan Boyle
Outside view
Fun time:
Click to enjoy Susan Boyle’s performance in
Britain’s Got Talent.
Listening in
Language and Culture (1)
US Airways, Inc. (US Airways) is engaged in
the operation of a network air carrier. The
Company provides
air transportation for
passengers and cargo.
US Airways is a wholly
owned subsidiary of
US Airways Group, Inc.
(US Airways Group).
Listening in
Language and Culture (2)
La Guardia Airport –
a waterfront airport,
one of several in
New York – is named
after a mayor of the
city and is used
mostly for flights
around the USA or to
Canada.
Listening in
Language and Culture (3)
The Hudson River is a major waterway
running to New York from the north, named
after an English explorer of the time of
Shakespeare.
Listening in
Use the new words on page 68 to describe the
following pictures.
icy weather!
What an _______
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Listening in
a flock of birds, not
An airplane flies into _____________
vice versa.
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Listening in
miraculously survived against all the
He ______________
odds and learned to walk again. What a
____________!
miracle
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Listening in
These amazing
images of war were
presented by a war
___________________.
correspondent
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Listening in
Metropolitan Seoul is among the world’s most
_____________
populated cities, with approximately 20.7
million people.
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Listening in
The fishermen are trying to pull a boat
___________.
ashore
Listening in
Talk Show with Chesley Sullenberger
Suppose you are a host(ess) of a talk show
program. Chesley Sullenberger and his
passagers on board 1549 are with you
today to talk about their unforgetable
experiences.
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Listening in
Work in groups of four.
Student A —host(ess)
Student B—Chesley Sullenberger
Student C/D—passagers
Checking: Volunteer groups are welcome to
role play your talk show. The rest of the class
can act as audience and ask the pilot and
passagers questions.
Listening in
Talking about National Heroes
Procedures
 Listen to a news report Fisherman hero
swims 10 hours to shore and fill in the
missing information.
Click for listening
comprehension ex.
Click for script
and answers.
 Discuss whether you think the fisherman
a national hero. Why or why not?
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Listening in
 Decide who the national heroes are in your
country? Change partners and share opinions.
Why he/she
is a hero
a. from history
b. in government now
c. a sports figure
d. a music artist
e. a religious figure
f. an environmentalist
g. an average person
Is he/she a
hero to all?
Listening in
5 Work in pairs and say what you know or can
guess about the following organizations:
•Save the Children
•The Red Cross
•Greenpeace
Listening in
Save the Children is an organization
dedicated to helping children
around the world in all ways: health
care, schooling, prevention of
abuse and so on.
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Listening in
The Red Cross helps deal
with emergencies and aims
to lessen human suffering; it
tries to protect civilians and
prisoners at times of war,
and responds to natural
disasters.
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Listening in
Greenpeace seeks to protect the
environment and preserve nature.
Listening in
Language and Culture (1)
Al Gore served in the US House of
Representatives and Senate, and was Vice
President under Bill Clinton. Having lost
the presidency to George
W Bush Jr in the very close
election of 2000, he took up
environmental work and
made a huge impact on
public opinion with his film
and book An Inconvenient
Truth. He received the Nobel
>>>
Peace Prize in 2007.
Listening in
Language and Culture (2)
Melinda Gates, wife of Bill Gates, the
computer software billionaire. The couple
run a charitable foundation with assets of
$30 billion, much of it from their personal
wealth. The aim is to improve the quality
of human life. Their projects
cover such areas as child
immunization, African
agriculture, malaria
eradication, libraries and
education scholarships for
the disadvantaged.
Listening in
Use the words to complete the sentences.
inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人/物
co-found v. 共同创办
foundation n. 基金会
donate v. 捐，赠
inspiration from
1. As a writer, he primarily drew __________
British and American authors.
donate the
2. They give a concert and __________
proceeds to charity.
foundation as its
3. Bill and Melinda Gates ____________,
name suggests, is ____________
co-founded by Bill and
Melinda Gates together.
Listening in
Conduct a survey to find out what your
classmates think of heroes and heroism.
Tips:
 Design your questionaire to focus on
one point and reach a conclusion.
 You should ask at least 5 classmates.
You may refer to the question list in
designing your own questionaire. Click here.
Listening in
An Inconvenient Truth
Procedures
 Brainstorm your knowledge and ideas
about global warming.
 Have you ever seen the documentary “An
Inconvenient Truth”? If yes, talk about your
opinion about it. If not, what do you know
>>>
about it?
Listening in
 Which of the following review excerpts below
do you find the most effective? Which one
motivates you to watch the movie?
Review 1
It’s an enduring irony of movies that one
guy talking can be more compelling
than a million dollars in locations, extras
and effects.
Paul Arendt -- BBC
>>>
Listening in
Review 2
If you see only one movie this year, make it
“An Inconvenient Truth”. It may not be the
year’s best movie, or its most entertaining,
but it’s certainly the most terrifying crucial.
Jeffrey M. Anderson – Combustible Celluloid
>>>
Listening in
Review 3
It’s a mind-boggling disaster epic that draws
its speical power from the fact that we are
both the villians and victims of the story.
William Arnold – Seattle Post-Intelligencer
Listening in
Fun time: Enjoy a song
I need to wake up:
The Oscar winning theme song from the documentary
An Inconvenient Truth by Melissa Etheridge
Have I been sleeping?
I’ve been so still
Afraid of crumbling
Have I been careless?
Dismissing all the distant rumblings
Take me where I am supposed to be
To comprehend the things that I can’t see
>>>
Listening in
Cause I need to move
I need to wake up
I need to change
I need to shake up
I need to speak out
Something’s got to break up
I’ve been asleep
And I need to wake up
Now
>>>
Listening in
And as a child
I danced like it was 1999
My dreams were wild
The promise of this new world
Would be mine
Now I am throwing off the
carelessness of youth
To listen to an inconvenient truth
>>>
Listening in
I am not an island
I am not alone
I am my intentions
Trapped here in this flesh and bone
And I need to move
I need to wake up
I need to change
I need to shake up
I need to speak out
Something’s got to break up
I’ve been asleep
And I need to wake up
>>>
Now
Listening in
I want to change
I need to shake up
I need to speak out
Oh, Something’s got to break up
I’ve been asleep
And I need to wake up
Now
Listening in
a. “It’s difficult to get a man to understand
something when his salary depends
upon his not understanding it.”
Upton Sinclair
>>>
Listening in
>>>
Listening in
Back
Presentation skills
1 Work in pairs. Think of someone who has
performed a heroic act. Here are some ideas:
A story about a person who:
• rescues someone from a burning
building
• jumps into a river to save someone
who is drowning or swept away by a
current
• saves a man from being knifed by
muggers
• rescues an animal
Presentation skills
2 Work in pairs and make notes
about:
• the hero’s name, age and occupation
• when and where the event took place
• who was in danger and why
• what the hero was doing at the time and
how they knew about the situation
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Presentation skills
• what actions the hero took to save the
victim(s)
• how the victim(s) responded
• whether other people were involved in
the rescue
• whether anyone was hurt and / or
taken to hospital
• what the situation is now
Presentation skills
3 Take turns to present the news bulletin and
correct each other’s mistakes.
Note: Remember to use the functional
expressions in the box on page 70.
4 Work with the whole class and deliver your
news bulletin.
5 Have a class vote on:
• the most interesting
news bulletin
• the best presented
news bulletin
Pronunciation
The techniques for transitioning from word to
word are called linking. Click these items for
more.
Linking consonants and vowels
Linking the
Linking Continuous Consonants
(What is Continuous Consonants? Click)
Linking Discontinuous Consonants/Stops
and Affricates
(What is Discontinuous Consonants? Click)
Linking vowels
Pronunciation
Sentence stress simply means saying the most
important words of a sentence a little bit louder,
or for a little bit longer than the others.
The speaker alternates between stressed and
unstressed syllables in regular intervals, with
the stresses falling within content words. This is
called the Rhythm Rule. The stressed syllables
of the sentence create beats.
Pronunciation
Stressed words in sentences:
 Nouns and main verbs
 Descriptive words (adjectives and
adverbs)
 The first word of open compounds
 Preposition of phrasal verbs
(eg: take in)
 Contractions with not, when possible (eg:
I can’t tell the truth.)
Pronunciation
Unstressed words in sentences
Use schwa (弱读) to reduce function words
 Common contractions with auxiliary verbs
 Reduce pronouns
 Use informal contractions in informal
situations

Pronunciation
Answers to Task 4
Interviewer You’re referring to the film, An
Inconvenient Truth, I take it?
Paul
That’s right. That film proved to
people – with statistics and
graphs, that kind of thing – that
climate change was happening
and that it’s man-made. Before
that, most people believed it
was just a few crazy scientists
who thought it was happening.
>>>
Pronunciation
Interviewer You work with animals. Do you
worry about the effect of the
climate on animals?
Paul
Sure, I do. All these species are
going to become extinct. It’s
terrible.
Pronunciation
Answers to task 5
Interviewer We’re asking people who their
personal hero is and if they’ve
inspired them in any way.
Clare
That’s an easy one. Melinda
Gates, she’s my hero.
Interviewer Why’s that?
>>>
Pronunciation
Clare Well, she’s Bill Gates’ wife, one of
the richest people in the world. You
know, she could so easily do nothing,
just enjoy her money. And instead,
she co-founded the um … Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation, I think
it’s called – and it’s one of the
biggest private charity organizations
in the world.
Pronunciation
Linking consonants and vowels
To link a consonant sound to a vowel sound,
the consonant sound is shared by both words. It
sounds like the consonant is both the last sound
of the first word and as the first sound of the
following word.
e.g. wake_up (sound the same as “way_cup”)
mice_eat (sound the same as “my_seat”)
>>>
Pronunciation
Practice reading the dialogue with your
partner and note the consonant/vowel links.
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
I_had_an_apple_and_a_cup_of_orange
juice.
I_know.
My_cup_is_empty.
Henry_drank_it.
Henry_stole_it.
That's_a_matter_of_opinion.
Now check your reading
Back
Pronunciation
Linking the
The vowel at the end of the word “the” has
three different pronunciations depending
on the first sound of the word that follows it:
1. the + consonant
2. the + vowel (except long e)
3. the + long e
>>>
Pronunciation
Rule# 1: the + consonant
Linking the to a word that begins with a
consonant sound requires saying the vowel
as a very quick schwa(弱读) and linking it
with the next word. Say the word the with
almost no vowel sound at all.
e.g. The_dog ate the_biscuit.
>>>
Pronunciation
Rule# 2: the + vowel
Linking the to a word that begins with a
vowel sound (except long e) requires
pronouncing the final sound of the word the
as a long e (the vowel sound in the word
keep), then linking it with a y sound to the
following word.
e.g. the_y_afternoon
The_y_optometrist took the_y_afternoon
off.
>>>
Pronunciation
Rule# 3: the + long e
Linking the to a word that begins with a long e
requires pronouncing the final sound in the
word the as a schwa (弱读) , then linking it
smoothly to the following word. This is very
similar to linking the + consonant.
e.g. the emotions
The_emotions of the_enormous
catastrophe were strong.
Back
Pronunciation
Linking Continuous Consonants
1. Linking the same continuous consonant
If one word ends with the same continuous
consonant sound as the next word begins
with, the sound is only said one time and
shared with both words. There should be no
break or pause between the words.
e.g. enough_food
wants_some_more
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Pronunciation
Practice the dialogue with your partner. Link
the same continuous consonant.
A: Do we have enough_food for the party?
B: Yeah, but Henry wants_some_more ice.
There's only enough_for each glass to be
half_full.
Now check your reading
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Pronunciation
2. Linking Different Continuous Consonants
When linking different continuous consonant
sounds, one sound should blend into the
next with no break between words and
without accidentally adding an extra vowel
sound between the words.
e.g. because_she
fresh_fruit
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Pronunciation
Practice the dialogue with your partner. Link
the different continuous consonant.
A:
B:
A:
B:
It's_still_snowing, isn't it?
No, it's_raining_now.
Ahh. I_was_thinking about_walking_to
the store. I’ve_really_been_graving_for
_some_fresh_fruits.
Well, wear warm_clothes and a raincoat.
Now check your reading
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Pronunciation
Linking Discontinuous Consonants
1. Linking to a discontinuous consonant
To link to a stop or affricate from a
continuous consonant sound or vowel
sound, simply blend the first sound into the
beginning of the stop or affricate. No pause
should be added between the sounds.
e.g. can't_ache (sound the same as can
take)
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Pronunciation
2. Linking from a discontinuous consonant
When a word that ends in a stop or affricate
is linked to another word, the stop or
affricate is often not fully said.
e.g. keep_thinking
last_Sunday
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Pronunciation
3. Linking discontinuous consonants to the
same sound
There are two pronunciation options for when
a stop or affricate is linked to the same sound;
(1) the sound is may only said one time, and
shared with both words or (2) the first sound
may be said very quickly with only a tiny
release of air between words.
e.g. take_care (linked stops)
orange_juice (linked affricates)
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Pronunciation
Linking Vowels
Americans link vowels by adding a y sound
or a w sound between the words.
e.g. linking vowels with a y sound
I_y_admire
e.g. linking vowels with a w sound
do_w_it
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Pronunciation
Practice with your partner. Link the vowels.
I_y_admire
very_y_old
he_y_asked
A:
B:
A:
do_w_it
now_w_on
new__w_ice skates
My_y_ice skates are very_y_old. I think
I'd like some new_w_ones.
But you never go_w_ice skating.
I used to, but now my_y_ice skates are
too_w_old!
Now check your readings.
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Pronunciation
Nouns and Main Verbs
When thinking about sentence stress, nouns
and main verbs are the most important words
in neutral stress patterns.
e.g. I took the bus to the park.
If the pronoun I is changed to a noun, Wilma,
we simply add another beat to the sentence.
e.g. Wilma took the bus to the park.
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Pronunciation
When we have two stressed syllables next to
each other, we need to expand the length
of the first syllable to keep the beat.
e.g Squid took the bus to the park.
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Pronunciation
Descriptive Words
The adjectives are content words, and are
stressed when they are not next to another
content word, especially a noun.
e.g. The morning was warmer than usual.
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Pronunciation
If the descriptive word is used in a phrase
with a noun or verb, the descriptive word
may be given less stress in order to let the
nouns and verbs stand out.
e.g She asked her new boss for a big raise.
(In this example, new and big are not stressed.)
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Pronunciation
Practice:
She never asked her obnoxious boss for a
humongous raise.
Repeat
She never asked her obnoxious boss for a
humongous raise.
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Pronunciation
Open Compound Nouns
Compound nouns is the term for two words
that are separated by a space, yet they
function as a single term. When saying an
open compound noun in a neutral stress
pattern, the first word, not the second word,
becomes a stressed word.
e.g Conrad made some orange juice.
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Pronunciation
Practice:
We're going to the coffee shop on Friday.
Repeat
We're going to the coffee shop on Friday.
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Unit task
1 Work in pairs and talk about
ideas for a radio programme
called Everyday Heroes.
Think about:
• which stories you want to feature in the
programme (You can use stories in this
unit or any other stories about heroes you
know.)
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Unit task
• how many stories there will be and how
long each story will last
• how you will present each story, eg
through interviews, narrating the stories
• what the tone of the programme will be,
eg serious, light-hearted, dramatic
Now make notes of your
programme plan.
Unit task
2 Plan how you will present your ideas for the
programme.
• Summarize your ideas in
one or two sentences.
• Describe the plan in more
detail.
• Make your ideas sound as
interesting as possible.
Unit task
3 Work with the whole class. Present your
ideas for the radio programme.
No idea how to do it?
Click to see an example
from This I Believe.
4 Have a class vote on the best idea for
the radio programme.
Unit task
This I Believe was a five-minute Radio
program. The show encouraged both famous
and ordinary people to write short essays
about their own personal motivation in life
and then read them on the air. This I Believe
became a cultural phenomenon that stressed
individual belief rather than religious dogma.
>>>
Unit task
Click to hear how John McCain tells what
he thinks as “the Virtues of the Quiet Hero”
Click to see the script
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