Solutions paragraph
1. Begin with a clear topic sentence that presents what
you think is the best solution
2. Explain useful things already being done towards this,
mention where and by whom
3. Discuss how to make the solution even more effective
than it already is
4. Mention other solutions that have been tried and explain
why they are not as helpful as the one you recommend
most.
*throughout the paragraph maintain BALANCE between
your points, proof and explanations.
Conclusion
• Re-state thesis
• Re-enforce your personal perspective by suggesting what
you think is the best way forward with the issue
• Re-iterate the main ideas and perspectives discussed in
your paper
• Come back to the main idea that you want to leave the
reader thinking about
• Suggest an action even that reader could take to help (if
applicable)
• *rules of thumb: do not introduce new content + do not
quote or paraphrase sources in this paragraph
CUTTING REDUNDANT
WORD COUNT
Global Perspectives IGCSE 2
tips
1.
Say it once, clearly
• Don’t mention “as I have already shown….”
• Review and take note of what you have said
2.
Use active verbs
• E.g. Graduate students developed a video game to save newborns. Is shorter
than Graduate students have been developing a gaming system which can be
used for the purpose of saving the lives of newborn babies and infants. (but
they say the same thing)
3.
4.
5.
Cut fluff like “always, really, very, actually, so”
Keep quoted matter to the point. Words that don’t serve your point
can be reduced from the start, end or even middle with a …
Don’t use 2 adjectives for 1 noun or 2 synonym nouns-commit to a
good one.
• E.g. scientists and researchers have found
• E.g. 2- human trafficking victims are mainly female women from poor
impoverished areas in the rural countryside.
Practice- cut the useless words but keep
the meaning.
• The results of bullying are subtle, slow and are not always going to be appearing
instantly right away. The long term effects of bullying can only be understood
after a long time. Some consequences for the victims of bullying are
consequently terrible. The personal perspective effects for the victim are bad and
negative. They may get bad grades in school, develop depression, drop out, lose
friends, alienate their family members and make things worse. In extreme cases,
mental health is damaged and there have been a number of suicides of bullying
victims who simply can’t stand the pain anymore. Bullying creates a vicious cycle.
Bullies hurt victims because of their mental suffering, but their actions cause more
harm to the victims’ mental state. Experts claim that “bullying affects young
people’s mental health, emotional well-being and identity. However, the
relationship between bullying and mental health is complicated by the bidirectional nature of these issues: some young people are bullied as a result of
their mental health issues; and some young people develop mental health issues
as a consequence of being bullied” (UK Department of Mental Health). At any
rate, bullying and mental health are not good factors which are helpful to one
another. This affects their parents and families. It has a negative effect on the
results of the school and the bad grades of students who are both bullies and
bullied lower the reputation of the school.
• 237 words
Key points to preserve from slide 4
• Effects of bullying take a long time to show up fully
• Victims suffer bad grades, distractedness, depression,
relationship damage and generally poor mental health
• Suicide is the worst case scenario
• Bullying happens due to mental illness, but makes it more
likely for the victim
• Frequent bullying lowers the reputation of the school