REPERES
PARTENARIAT ÉDUCATIF GRUNDTVIG 2009-2011
EUROPEAN TERRITORIES
1.- DEFINITIONS OF THE TERM
TERRITORY
Area where a state’s sovereignty is exercised, we talk about
national territory : example : France ;
Area having a competent authority : example : Region of
Aquitaine ;
Area considered as collective property by a group of people:
example: French Basque Country.
In reality, territories fit into each other: the Basque Country
belongs to the department of the Pyrénées Atlantiques that
belongs to France that is a member of European Union, of the
Council of Europe, etc.
One Europe, several territories
TERRITORIES ACCORDING TO EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES MEMBERSHIP
USA
Canada
EEA
Bulgaria
Romania
EU-27
OSCE
OTAN
OTAN
United Kingdom
Cyprus
Euro
Ireland
Finland
Austria
Belgium
Germany
France
Greece
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
Lithuania
Latvia
Poland
Czech Repub.
Hungary
EFTA
Norway
Denmark
Estonia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Russia
Switzerland
Lichtenstein
Andorra
Monaco
San Marino
Vatican
Iceland
EU Candidate
countries
Turkey
Croatia
FYROM (Macedonia)
Albania
Montenegro
Bosnia-Herzgovina
Yugoslavia
Kosovo
Stability Pact
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Moldavia
Ukraine
© Richard Stock, Centre européen Robert Schuman, 2010
Malta
Schengen
Council of Europe
Sweden
Council of Europe
The COUNCIL OF EUROPE brings
together, with its 47 members,
almost all European countries.
Its headquarters is situated in
Strasbourg (France). Created on
5 May 1949 by ten founding
countries, the Council of
Europe’s aim is to promote
common standards of democracy
and rule of law, based on the
European Convention on Human
Rights and other texts of
reference concerning the
protection of individuals.
European Union
The EUROPEAN UNION is made up
of 27 countries who, by passing
it a part of their sovereignty,
enable it to take democratic
decisions on questions of
common interest on European
level. Until now, every country
that joined the European Union
was before a member of the
Council of Europe. The first step
of the European integration was
the Schuman Declaration of 9
May (Schuman Plan) that
founded the first European
Community: the one of coal and
steel.
EFTA
EUROPEAN FREE TRADE
ASSOCIATION (EFTA)'s objective
was to create a zone of free trade
for the countries non-members of
the European Economic
Community (EEC), ancestor of
the European Union.
Little by little, many members of
the EFTA joined the EEC .
EFTA and the European Union
created in 1994 the EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC AREA (EEA)
ENP
EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD
POLICY (ENP) was developed in
2004 in order to avoid emergence
of any new dividing barriers
between the enlarged European
Union and its neighbours and to
strengthen everyone’s prosperity,
stability and security
STABILITY PACT FOR SOUTH
EASTERN EUROPE
The STABILITY PACT FOR SOUTH
EASTERN EUROPE (in particular
with the former Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia countries) aims to
reinforce the peace and security
in South Eastern Europe, restore
stability and avoid conflicts.
UfM
THE UNION FOR THE
MEDITERRANEAN (UFM)
is an
international intergovernmental
organisation with a regional
focus created in 2008.
It brings together countries
bordering the Mediterranean Sea
and all the EU members
It is made up of 43 member
countries and includes as well the
League of Arab States
NATO
The NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY
ORGANISATION (NATO) is a
military organisation of mutual
assistance in case of an assault.
Formed in April 1949, it had for
several years the Warsaw Pact as
an adversary . NATO plays the
key role in the engagement of the
international community in
Afghanistan where it helps the
Afghan authorities to establish
the security and fight terrorism
CSDP
THE COMMON SECURITY AND
DEFENCE POLICY (CSDP)
completes the spectrum of means
of the European Union in the
field of and foreign affairs in
general. It provides the European
Union with the possibility of
using the military and civilian
means in order to prevent
conflicts and to manage
international crises.
OSCE
ORGANISATION FOR SECURITY AND
COOPERATION IN EUROPE (OSCE) is
an organisation whose aim is to
promote the dialogue between the
East and the West.
The OSCE is the only European
organisation that brings together all
the countries of the European
continent, even some non-European
countries formed after the dissolution
of the Soviet Union.
It offers the possibility of maintaining
a permanent political dialogue
between Europe and its immediate
neighbours
SCHENGEN AREA
The Convention of Schengen
created borderless area among
the signatory countries.
This territory is commonly called
« SCHENGEN AREA »
The Treaty of Lisbon, which
entered into force by the end of
2009, alters the legal rules
concerning the Schengen Area
and strengthens the notion of the
« AREA OF LIBERTY, SECURITY
AND JUSTICE ».
ECONOMIC AND MONETARY
UNION
The euro zone (or the ECONOMIC
AND MONETARY UNION - EMU)
is a union of 17 member
countries of the European Union
that adopted euro as their
national currency.
The euro zone currently consists
of 17 members: Austria,
Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia and Spain.
AUTHOR AND © : RICHARD STOCK, EUROPEAN NETWORK FOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING (EUNET), 2011
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