Chapter 5 Study Guide
Alexander – a commander in the army at 16 and a king at 20
Myth – a traditional story about gods and heroes
Thucydides – considered to be the greatest historian in the ancient world
Pythagoras – taught that the universe followed the same rules as music and numbers
Macedonia – Greece’s northern neighbor
Stoics – taught that happiness came from reason, and doing one’s duty
Mount Olympus – highest mountain in Greece
Hellenistic Era – a time when Greek culture spread throughout the non-Greek world
Plato – thought that governments should be headed by philosopher-kings
Rituals – a way for Greeks to earn the favor of their gods and goddesses
Philip II – Macedonian king who loved Greek culture and planned to conquer Persia
Iliad – epic by Homer, about the Trojan War
Herodotus – wrote the History of the Persian Wars
Lighthouse at Alexandria – one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Zeus – chief god of the Greeks
Epicurus – taught that happiness, the goal of life, came from spending time with friends
Demosthenes – tried to warn the Athenians that Philip II was a threat to them
Alexander the Great – built one of the greatest cities of the ancient world and named it after
himself
Herodotus – “the father of history”
Euclid – studied how points, lines, angles, and planes relate to one another
The Odyssey – written by Homer
Movies and Plays – modern examples of drama
Hellenistic Era – produced scientific achievement, art, architecture, literature, and philosophy
Socrates – sentenced to death for his teachings
Alexandria – library here attracted scholars from all over the world
Philosophers – believed the human mind could understand everything
Essay: What are some of the areas of our lives that ancient Greek culture still has influence over
today?