英 国 文 化
British Culture and Education
主讲教师：田祥斌
Lecture 6
Introduction to the United Kingdom
–
London Tourism (2) (Chapter 18)
– British Education: Universities in London
The British Museum (p. 274)

-- The British Museum (1735) is a museum
 of human history and culture situated in
London. Its collections, which numbering
some eight million works (objects) are
amongst the largest and most
comprehensive in the world and originate
from all continents, illustrating and
documenting the story of human culture
from its beginnings to the present.
The British Museum
Today, the British
Museum has grown
to become one of
the largest
museums in the
world. Altogether
the British Museum
showcases on
public display less
than 1% of its
entire collection.
The British Museum
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--博物馆开放时间

星期六至星期三：10:00 - 18:00

星期四和星期五：10:00 - 20:30

博物馆在下列日期闭馆：元旦、24
日、25日、26日
 --The museum as well as all other national
museums in the United Kingdom charges
no admission fee.
Hyde Park

(See the textbook, p. 275)
 -- Hyde Park is one of the largest parks in
central London, England and one of the
Royal Parks of London, famous for its
Speakers' Corner. The park is divided in
two by the Serpentine. The park is
contiguous with Kensington Gardens;
although often still assumed to be part of
Hyde Park.
Hyde Park

-- Hyde Park is 142 hectares (350 acres) and
Kensington Gardens is 111 hectares (275
acres), giving an overall area of 253
hectares (625 acres), making the combined
area smaller than New York City's Central
Park (341 hectares or 843 acres) which is
the largest park in downtown. To the
southeast (but outside of the park) is Hyde
Park Corner.
Hyde Park

-- Kensington Gardens closes at dusk but
Hyde Park remains open throughout the
year from 5 am until midnight. The park has
become a traditional location for mass
demonstrations. Many protestors on the
Liberty and Livelihood March in 2002
started their march from Hyde Park.
The Tower of London (pp275-276)

-- It is one of London’s most famous sights
and one of its most crowded, too. The tower
served as both fortress and palace. From
William the Conqueror in the 11th century
to Henry VIII in the 16th century, they once
lived here, and it remains a royal palace.
The Tower of London

Inside the Tower
you can see a
collection of old
armor and
instruments of
torture.
The Tower of London
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Magnificent White
Tower is a central
tower, the old
keep, at the Tower of
London. It was built
by William the
Conqueror. The White
Tower is a Grade I listed
building. 甲级建筑保护
The Tower of London

-- The Tower once was a state prison from
Norman times as well as a royal residence
at intervals until James I.
 --The Tower has served variously as an
armory 军械库, a treasury, the home of the
Royal Mint, 皇家铸币局a public records
office, and the home of the Crown Jewels of
the United Kingdom.
 --It is protected as a World Heritage Site.
St Paul’s Cathedral

-- St Paul's Cathedral, London, is a Church
of England cathedral and seat of the Bishop
of London.
 -- At 365 feet (111 m) high, it was the
tallest building in London from 1710 to
1962, and its dome is also among the
highest in the world.
 --The important services held at St Paul's
include the funerals of Lord Nelson, the
St Paul’s Cathedral

Duke of Wellington and Sir Winston
Churchill; Jubilee celebrations for Queen
Victoria.
 --The wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales,
and Lady Diana Spencer, the launch of the
Festival of Britain and the thanksgiving
services for the Golden Jubilee, the 80th
Birthday and the Diamond Jubilee of
Elizabeth II.
St Paul’s Cathedral

-- It is the biggest and most well-known
church in London, a typical example of the
architecture of the Renaissance. It took 35
years to complete it. The church is noted for
its beautiful Baroque proportions. Wall
paintings, stone and bronze carvings 青铜
雕刻品inside the cathedral are masterpieces
of the 18th century art, especially the
delicate carvings.
Buckingham Palace

-- It is the palace for the London home of
the queen and the administrative house of
the entire royal family. When the queen is
in residence (normally on weekdays) The
private apartments of Queen Elizabeth and
Prince Philip are in the north wing. The
ceremony of the Changing of the Guard
takes place in front of the palace at 11:30
daily.
Buckingham Palace

--Buckingham Palace is the official London
residence and principal workplace of the
British monarch. Located in the City of
Westminster, the palace is a setting for state
occasions and royal hospitality.
 --The Buckingham Palace Garden is the
largest private garden in London.
Windsor Castle （温莎城堡）

-- Windsor Castle is a medieval castle and
royal residence in Windsor in the English
county of Berkshire, notable for its long
association with the British royal family and
for its architecture. The original castle was
built after the Norman invasion by William
the Conqueror.
Windsor Castle

--Windsor Castle is the largest inhabited
castle in the world, but it also remains a
functioning royal home. About five hundred
people were living and working in the
castle. The Queen has increasingly used the
castle as a royal palace as well as her
weekend home and it is now as often used
for state banquets and official entertaining
as Buckingham Palace.
Windsor Castle

-- The castle remains an important
ceremonial location.
 -- During the Queen's tenure much has been
done, not building, but also to transform it
into a major British tourist attraction,
containing a significant portion of the Royal
Collection of art, which is managed from
Windsor.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge (built 1886–1894) is a
combined bascule and suspension bridge
in London, over the River Thames.
Tower Bridge

-- The bascule pivots and operating
machinery are housed in the base of each
tower. The bridge's present color scheme
dates from 1977, when it was painted red,
white and blue for the Queen Elizabeth II's
silver jubilee. Originally it was painted a
greenish-blue color.
 -- Tower Bridge is sometimes mistakenly
referred to as London Bridge, which is the
next bridge upstream.
The Greenwich Royal Observatory

-- Royal Greenwich is a district of southeast London, located in the Royal Borough
of Greenwich.
 -- Royal Greenwich is notable for giving
Greenwich Mean Time.
Madame Tussauds (杜莎夫人蜡像馆)

-- Madame Tussauds is a well-known wax
museum (exhibition of about three hundred
life-size figures) in London with branches
in a number of major cities in the world.
Madame Tussauds

-- Madame Tussauds is a major tourist
attraction in London, displaying waxworks
of historical and royal figures, film stars,
sports stars and infamous murderers. On the
third floor are the modern and contemporary
politicians and statesmen—Washington,
Lincoln, Churchill, Lenin, Mao Zedong, and
Mrs. Margaret Thatcher.
The National Gallery

-- The National Gallery houses the national
collection of Western European painting
from the 13th to the 19th centuries. It is on
show 361 days a year, free of charge.
 -- It is located in Trafalgar Square.
 -- 特拉法加广场，又称“鸽子广场”
Universities in London

The University of London
 --The University of London is a federal
public university based in London. It
comprises 18 constituent colleges, 10
research institutes and a number of central
bodies. It is the second-largest university in
the United Kingdom by number of full-time
students, with around 135,000 campus-based
students and over 50,000 distance learning
students.
The University of London

-- The university was established by Royal
Charter in 1836.
 -- For most practical purposes, ranging from
admissions to funding, the constituent
colleges operate as individual universities,
and some have recently obtained the power
to award their own degrees whilst
remaining in the federation.
The University of London

The nine largest colleges are:
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-- London School of Economics and Political Science (4)
-- University College London [UCL] (7)
-- King's College London [KCL] (11)
-- The School of Oriental and African Studies[SOAS] (24)
-- Royal Holloway [RHUL] (30)
-- Queen Mary (37)
-- Goldsmiths [GUL] (46)
-- The London Business School [LBS]
-- Birkbeck, University of London [BBK]
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The University of London

-- Formerly a constituent college, Imperial
College London left the University of
London in 2007.
The University of London
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Notable alumni, faculty and staff
 -- A large number of famous individuals
have passed through the University of
London, either as staff or students,
including at least 4 monarchs, 52 presidents
or prime ministers, 72 Nobel laureates, 6
Grammy winners, 2 Oscar winners and 3
Olympic gold medalists.
Imperial College London
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Imperial College London (officially The
Imperial College of Science, Technology
and Medicine) is a public research
university located in London, specializing
in science, engineering, medicine and
business. Formerly a constituent college of
the federal University of London, Imperial
became fully independent in 2007, the
100th anniversary of its founding.
Imperial College London
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Imperial is organized into four main
academic units – Imperial College Faculty
of Natural Sciences, Imperial College
Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College
Faculty of Engineering and the Imperial
College Business School – within which
there are over 40 departments, institutes and
research centers.
Imperial College London
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Established 8 July 1907
Type:
Public
Total net income: £704.2 million (as at 31 July 2011)
Endowment: £75.6 million
Rector: Sir Keith O'Nions
Admin. Staff: Approximately 7,170 (2011)
Students: 13,410
Undergraduates: 8,350
Postgraduates: 5,060
Imperial College London

Imperial has over 6,000 academic staff,
including 2 Fields Medallists, 66 Fellows of
the Royal Society, 71 Fellows of the Royal
Academy of Engineering and 62 Fellows of
the Academy of Medical Sciences.
 --The Imperial Faculty of Medicine is one
of the largest faculties of medicine in the
UK. It has six teaching hospitals.
Imperial College London
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Notable alumni, faculty and staff

Herbert George Wells (1866 – 1946)
was an English author,
and has been referred to
as "The Father of Science
Fiction".
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H.G.Wells (1866-1946)
赫·乔·威尔斯

A. His Life
--He was born in Bromley, Kent.
 --His parents were unsuccessful
shopkeepers. Their marriage was unhappy.
 --He was brought up in the lower middle
class.
 --He got a scholarship in 1884 and studied
biology with T.H. Huxley.
 --In 1888 he took an excellent degree in
science at London University.

--He married his cousin Isabel in 1891, but
the marriage collapsed after three years
when he eloped with Amy Catherine
Robbins.
 --Throughout his life Wells was a dedicated
womanizer and an advocate of sexual
freedom.
 --In 1893 he turned wholly to journalism
and authorship. He once was a member of
Fabian Society

B. His literary achievements and his
major works
He wrote more than 50 novels and volumes
of short stories and many non-fiction books.
 1. Main Science-fiction novels
 The Time Machine (1895)
 The Island of Dr. Moreau (1896)
 The Invisible Man (1897)
 The War of the Worlds (1898)
 The First Men on the Moon (1901)

2. Social novels or comic novels, or novels
of humor
 Kipps: The Story of a Simple Soul (1905)
 The History of Mr. Polly (1910)
 Ann Veronica (1909)
 3. Novels of ideas
 Tono-Bungay (1909)
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C. His contributions
1. His Time Machine pioneered the English
science fiction.
 2. He inherited the English realistic
tradition, but combined it with the scientific
fantasies and so he was in step with the
reforming and changing trend of the age and
shaped the minds of the growing generation.
In a sense he bridged the gap in the
transformation from realism to modernism.
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D. His science fiction
1. the danger to man
 2. limits of the human body and the
qualities of machines
 3. explore the world of space
 --On the whole, he was interested in the
possibilities for good rather than in the
disadvantages.
 --The details of science fiction stories
change and develop as scientific advances
are made, but many of the themes remain
the same.
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Imperial College London
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Notable alumni, faculty and staff

Jessica Hester Hsuan
(Chinese: 宣萱) born
18 August 1970, is
currently one of the
most popular television
actresses of Hong Kong.
She graduated with a
Bachelors Degree in
“Materials Science and Engineering” from
Imperial College London in 1992.
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Imperial College London
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Notable alumni, faculty and staff
 14 Nobel Prize winners
London South Bank University
London South Bank
University (LSBU) is a
public university located
in London. With over
25,000 students and 1,700
staff, it is based in the
London， near the South
Bank of the River Thames,
from which it takes its
name.
London South Bank University

--Founded from charitable donations in 1892 as
the "Borough Polytechnic Institute", LSBU
absorbed several other local colleges in the 1970s
and 1990s, and achieved university status in 1992.
LSBU is a new university and puts strong focus on
their students' employability.
 --With almost 2,000 international students from
over 130 countries, London South Bank
University is one of London's largest and oldest
universities.
London South Bank University
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Admin. Staff 1,700
 Students： 24,748
 --Undergraduates:17,571
 --Postgraduates: 5,692
 --Other students:1,484
Tickets for transportation in London
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Daytime off-peak and reduced fares on the
Tube are from 9.30am to 4.00pm and after
7pm Monday to Friday.
Zone Peak Price
 1-2
 1-6
Off-Peak Price