MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
STATE UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER SHAKARIM, SEMEY
Document of 3 level by MQS
EMCD
Discipline's program for discipline
«Chemistry of high molecular
compounds» for students
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EDUCATIONAL-METHODICAL COMPLEX OF DISCIPLINE
«CHEMISTRY OF HIGH MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS»
For the specialty
5B011200– «Chemistry»
DISCIPLINE'S PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS
Semey
2014
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Content
1. General Provisions
2. Contents and distribution of hours by type of occupation
3. Guidelines for the study of discipline
4. The format of the course
5. Course policy
6. Grading policy
7. Literature
page 2 from 9
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1 GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1 General information about the teacher and discipline
Omarova Aigul Shayzollaevna, Ph.D., senior lecturer
Department of Chemistry
Contact Information - Tel: 35-05-90, educational building # 3, office # 418
Working place - audience # 416
Number of credits - 2
1.2 Brief description of the discipline:
Course "Chemistry of high molecular compounds" introduces students with the basic
provisions of polymer science, with the latest achievements in this field. It includes
issues of receiving, properties and structure of high-molecular compounds. The course
studying promotes to the deeper mastering by students knowledge on such subjects as
"Organic Chemistry", "Biological Chemistry", "Physical Chemistry".
1.3 The purpose of the discipline: To study the chemical structure and properties of
polymer molecules. Basic concepts of polymer chemistry . Nomenclature of polymers.
Classification of carbo-and hetero- polymers. Characteristic properties of polymer
molecules . Polymer synthesis . General characteristics of the processes of polymers.
Properties of polymerization and polycondensation processes . Radical polymerization:
initiation and its effectiveness, propagation and termination reactions of macroradicals.
Ionic polymerization, ionic polymerization types, the cationic polymerization, anionic
polymerization. Polycondensation. Features of chemical reactions of polymers.
Reaction of the units and macromolecular reactions of polymeranalogous
transformation. Crosslinking of the macromolecules. Vulcanization. Hardening,
degradation, reactions of the end groups mechano-chemical synthesis. Aggregate and
phase state of polymers. Features glassy, highly elastic and viscous-flow state of
polymers. Mechanical properties of polymers. The electrical properties of the polymers.
Classification of processing methods.
1.4 The main objective of studying the discipline:
- Deeping of the knowledge by organic and biological chemistry;
- Strengthening of the received and the acquisition of new skills in experimental work;
- Mastering of synthesis technique and methods of researching organic polymers
1.5 Learning Outcomes:
After the end of the studying discipline a student must be possessed with the following
knowledge and skills (competencies)
to know:
- Chemical structure and properties of polymer molecules.
- Basic concepts of polymer chemistry.
- Nomenclature of polymers.
- Classification of carbo-and hetero- polymers.
- Features of polymerisation and polycondensation.
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- A process of radical polymerization: initiation and its efficiency, propagation and
termination reactions. The kinetics of macroradicals.
- A process of ionic polymerization, ionic polymerization types, the cationic
polymerization, anionic polymerization.
- Polycondensation process.
- Features of chemical reactions of polymers.
- Aggregate and phase state of polymers.
- Classification of processing methods.
be able to:
- Use reference and technical literature by the chemistry of polymers;
- Constitute the structural formulas of polymers;
- Compose the polymerization and polycondensation reaction’s schemes;
- Identify and explain the reaction mechanisms of polymer synthesis;
1.6 Prerequisites of course:
- Theoretical foundations of organic chemistry. Polymers. Isomerism. Natural and
synthetic polymers.
- Analytical chemistry. Preparative methods of analysis. Qualitative analysis of the
substance. Modern physico-chemical methods of analysis. Chromatography.
Spectrophotometry.
- Chemistry of functional derivatives of organic molecules. Condensation reactions,
polymerization, copolymerization.
- Colloid chemistry. Colloidal state of matter. Sols. Suspensions. The isoelectric point
of the colloidal solution. Sedimentation methods.
- Biochemistry. Biopolymers. Basic physical and chemical properties. The biological
functions and biochemical reactions.
1.7 Postrequisites of course:
- Chemical Technology. Reaction mechanisms of organic and inorganic synthesis.
Catalysts. Conditions for synthesis. The yield of product.
- Selected chapters of organic chemistry. Homology. Isomerism. Polymers.
2 CONTENT OF DISCIPLINE AND HOURS DISTRIBUTION BY TYPE OF
LESSONS
Table 1
#
Title of the topic
Hours
Lectures
Labs
PW
OH
SSS
Literat
ure
1.
Chemical structure and properties of
polymer molecules
3
2
-
3
7
7.1.1.
2.
General characteristics of the processes
of polymers.
Radical Polymerization
Ion coordination polymerisation.
3
2
-
2
6
7.1.1.
1
3
2
2
-
2
2
6
6
7.1.1.
7.1.1.
3.
4.
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6.
7.
8.
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Polycondensation.
The structure and properties of
polymers
Polymer Processing into products
Characteristics of polymer materials
and chemical raw materials for their
synthesis
ВСЕГО:
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2
1
2
2
-
2
2
6
6
7.1.1.
7.1.1.
1
1
3
-
-
1
1
6
2
7.1.1.
7.1.1.
15
15
-
15
45
3 GUIDELINES FOR THE STUDY OF DISCIPLINE
Theoretical course is fixed on laboratory works.
Laboratory works is conducted after studying the topic of the lecture. Clearly, at the
thus organization of studying the ability of thinking, comparing and analyzing is
developed. Formation of such thinking is based on a system of interdisciplinary links in
all stages of education and at all levels of the educational process. Interdisciplinary
links are required for the acquisition of the fundamentals of science by students and
enhance the cognitive activity. They contribute to expand the horizons, develop
cognitive interests , increase activity in the independent acquisition of new knowledge
and its application in practice.
4 COURSE FORMAT
Forms of training sessions are lectures, laboratory classes. 1 hour of lecture is 50
minutes. 1hour of labs is 100 minutes. Classes are held by schedule. Also independent
work of students in the audience and outside the audience are planned. Timetable of
students independent work and report on them held by schedule of Chair. Monitoring
by the Implementation of independent work is carried out in the forms of an oral
interview, homework tasks, test papers, test tasks.
5 POLICY COURSE
The student must be proactive and self-discipline in the process of learning, in the
case of lateness, absences at unreasonable excuse, the late submission of work and
passivity in the learning process to students penal sanctions will be presented in the
form of removal points.
6 GRADING POLICY
Monitoring of students' knowledge is conducted in the forms:
- Current control (is held weekly);
- Boundary control (7 and 15 weeks);
- Final control - exam.
Current control - is the systematic examination of the student's knowledge in
lectures, workshops and independent work under the guidance of a teacher. Various
types of current control is provides:
- Oral questioning;
- Control of work;
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- Homework;
- Tests.
In the process of studying the discipline every kind of student work is evaluated
in points.
- Performance and protection of laboratory work - 210 points (7 laboratory works
– by 15 points, 7 laboratory works – by 13 points, 1 laboratory works - by 14 points);
- Implementation of control work be the schedule of execution OH - 60 points (12
OH - by 5 points);
- Performance of independent work in the form of SSS - 150 points (2 works –
by 45 points, 2 work – by 30 points);
- Boundary control - 120 points (1 RK - 60 points, 2 RC - 60 points).
Total - 540 points.
Week
1-7
1-2
1. 3-4
2. 5-6
3. 7
3
6
Distribution of points by the weeks and type of control are presented in Table
Distribution points by the discipline
"Chemistry of high molecular compounds"
Table 2
All
Comment
Type of control
points
Seen and preparation for classroom work
30
Execution of laboratory work (report, protection)
Laboratory work № 1-2. Identification of physical and
15*2
chemical parameters of polymers
Laboratory work № 3-4. Determination of the molecular
15*2
weight of the polymer by viscometric method
Laboratory work № 5-6. Determination of the resin and filler
15*2
in the polymer samples.
Laboratory work № 7. Synthesis of the polymer by
15
polycondensation and study of its properties
Self-study of student
1. Demonstrate a possible mechanism of chain termination in
45
the polymerization of ethylene as a result of
disproportionation and recombination.
2. Show a scheme of chain polymerization reaction of
propylene. Write a radical mechanism of this reaction (three
stages) with acetyl peroxide.
3. Locate hydrocarbons below in order of increasing
lightness to chain polymerization: 1) ethylene, 2) propylene,
3) 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene, 4) 2-butene.
1. Show the mezanizm of chain polymerization of butene-1
30
in the presence of benzoyl peroxide.
2. Write schemes of chain polymerization for the following
compounds: styrene, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate. Please
give a mechanism of cationic polymerization for the styrene
Teacher notes only
the absence of the
student in the
classroom
At the laboratory
lesson
At the laboratory
lesson
At the laboratory
lesson
At the laboratory
lesson
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
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in the presence of boron fluoride.
3. Teflon - highly stable polymer prepared by polymerization
of tetrafluoroethylene. Make a chart of the reaction.
Self-study of student with teacher
Chemical structure and properties of polymer molecules
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5*2
4-5
General characteristics of the processes of polymers.
5*2
6-7
Radical Polymerization
5*2
7
Boundary control 1 - oral colloquium by the lecture materials
of 1-7 weeks
Total scores of learning outcomes
From 1 to 7 week
8-15
Seen and preparation for classroom work
4. 8
5.9-10
11-12
13-15
10
60
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
300
30
Execution of laboratory work (report, protection)
Laboratory work № 8. Synthesis of the polymer by
13
polycondensation and study of its properties
Laboratory work № 9-10. Determination of the isoelectric
13*2
point of the protein
Laboratory work № 11-12. Identification of natural, artificial
13*2
and synthetic fibers.
Laboratory work № 13-15. Polymeranalogous conversion of
13*2
polymers
14
Self-study of student
1. For produsing viscose silk the cellulose is treated with
45
sodium hydroxide. After this to the formed alkyl cellulose is
added carbon disulfide and in this conditions cellulose
xanthate (viscose) are obtained. Viscose silk is a hydrolysis
product of the cellulose xanthate in an acidic medium. Write
the equation of all these reactions. What is cellophane?
2. Write the fragment of xylan molecule formula, if it is
known that it consists of residues of β-1,5-D-xylose linked by
β-1,4 glycosidic bonds.
3. A.M. Butlerov first realized the dimerization of
isobutylene at heating with 60% sulfuric acid. Obtained dimer
is a mixture of two isomers: 2,4,4-trimethylpentene-1 and
2,4,4-trimethylpentene-2. Write the reaction of producing
diisobutylenes. Explain the mechanism of this reaction, taking
into account that it proceeds via carbocation.
4. Make a chart of step polymerization reaction with three
molecules of propylene. Explain the mechanism of this
reaction (with the formation of carbocations). Call trimers
obtained by systematic nomenclature.
5. By the polymerization in the presence of sulfuric acid
diisobutylene was obtained from 140g. isobutylene.
Unreacted isobutylene was evaporated and diisobutylene was
Teacher notes only
the absence of the
student in the
classroom
At the laboratory
lesson
At the laboratory
lesson
At the laboratory
lesson
At the laboratory
lesson
In accordance with
the schedule
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mixed with bromine, and 120g of bromine was expended.
Determine the percentage yield of diisobutylene.
14
Topics of abstract
1. Thermoplastics - the current state of the industry
2. Thermosets - the current state of the industry
3. Main components of the polymeric compositions
4. Rubber and tire
5. Polymers of natural origin and their derivatives
6. The structure and general properties of polymers
7. Using of polymers in medicine
8. Natural fibers
9. Synthetic fibers
10. Artificial fibers
11. Polymer films
12. Ion exchange resin
13. Plastics based on natural and petroleum asphalts
Самостоятельная работа студента с преподавателем
9-10
Ion coordination polymerisation.
11
12
13-14
Polycondensation.
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30
In accordance with
the schedule
5*2
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
In accordance with
the schedule
5
The structure and properties of polymers
5
Polymer Processing into products
5*2
15
Boundary control 1 - oral colloquium by the lecture materials
of 8-15 weeks
Total scores of learning outcomes
From 8 to 15 week
Total points for the exam
Total points for the academic period
60
300
400
1000
The examination mark of the discipline is defined as the sum of the maximum
progress indicators on the modules, boundary control and final attestation (60%), exam
(40%), which is 100%.
A student is admitted to the final control of the discipline, if its total per semester
rating score greater than or equal to 50%.
Knowledge and skills of students are evaluated by the following system:
Point-character string ratings system of knowledge
Rating
literal
system
А
АВ+
В
ВС+
Digital
equivalent points
Percentage
Rating
of traditional system
4,0
3,67
3,33
3.00
2,67
2,33
95-100
90-94
85-89
80-84
75-79
70-74
excellent
-«good
-«-«satisfactorily
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С
СД+
Д
F
2,00
1,67
1,33
1,00
0,00
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
0-49
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-«-«-«-«not satisfactory
7 REFERENCES
7.1 Basic
7.1.1 L. Mandelkern, An lntroduction to Macromolecules, Springer-Verlag, New York,
1992.
7.1.2 R. G. Treloar, lntroduction to Polymer Science, Springer-Verlag, New York,
1990. An excellent and simple introduction to the relationship of polymer physical
properties to structure.
7.1.3 Шур А.М. Высокомолеклурные соединения, М., 1981г.
7.2 Additional
7.2.1 “Nomenclature of regular single-strand organic polymers, 1975”, Pure Appl.
Chem. 48, 373–385 (1976). Reprinted as chapter 5 in Ref. 7.
7.2.2 “Nomenclature of regular double-strand (ladder and spiro) organic polymers
1993”, Pure Appl. Chem. 65, 1561–1580 (1993).
7.2.3“Structure-based nomenclature for irregular single-strand organic polymers 1994”,
Pure Appl. Chem. 66, 873–889 (1994).