TASAF III – Productive Social
Safety Net (PSSN)
National Poverty Policy Week, 25-27
November 2013
Presented by Mr. Ladislaus Mwamanga, TASAF Executive Director
Outline
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Background
Achievements
Lessons learned
Implementation challenges
Challenges of poverty reduction and
vulnerability
TASAF-III Design Factors
TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and
Components
TASAF III Institutional Set up
Programme Approach
Background
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Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) was officially
initiated in 2000 by the Government of the United
Republic of Tanzania
It was one of its initiatives on poverty reduction anchored
to Poverty Reduction Strategies using community driven
development(CDD).
The First Phase of TASAF (2000-2005) addressed key issues
that were identified in the first Poverty Reduction Strategy
Paper (PRSP I), that is reduction of poverty by improving the
social and economic services in key sectors of education,
health, economic infrastructure and water with emphasis on
rural and peri-urban areas. Main focus was on :
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improving social service delivery
addressing income poverty for poor able bodied
but food insecure households and
capacity enhancement
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Achievements of the First Phase
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A total of 1,704 sub projects were funded and implemented and
total of TZS 72 billion was used .
7.3 million beneficiaries in 40 districts on the Mainland and all
districts in Zanzibar were reached through supported sub
projects.
113,646 PWP direct beneficiaries (47% women) and transferred
cash income was US$ 3.3 million
136,333 beneficiaries trained in various aspects of project
management
More than 20,000 members of Community Project Committees,
more than 1,500 district facilitators, about 200 NGOs/CBOs as
well as Council Management Teams were trained.
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Implementation of the Second Phase
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The Second Phase of TASAF (2005-2013) built on Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) and the first National Strategy
for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUKUTA I and
MKUZA I) to assist meeting the targets by 2010 for MKUKUTA
I/MKUZA I and 2015 for MDGs.
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Implementation of the Second Phase….
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The focus of the Second Phase was to address:
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Lack and/or shortage of social services
income poverty in rural and urban areas, and
capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and institutions
supporting targeted communities and households.
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Achievements of the Second Phase
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A total of 12,347 sub projects were funded and
implemented and TZS 430 billion was used .
Population with access to improved social services was
18,682,208
Vulnerable individuals participating in income generating
activities: 371,250.
Community Based-Conditional Cash Transfer reached
11,576 households with 28,480 individual beneficiaries.
A total of 280,223 individuals were reached with training
at all levels.
A total of 1,778 voluntary savings groups with 22,712
savers were formed and saving a total of 750 million
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Challenges
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TASAF has not provided adequate coverage and continuity of
support.
Resources were limited and inadequate to meet overwhelming
demand from communities ( SPIF 118,000 vs 12,347 SP
funded).
Functionality in some of created assets, especially in health and
education sectors.
Scaling up of initiatives implemented in limited pilot areas, like
the Community-Based Conditional Cash Transfer and
Community Savings and Investment Promotion.
Low capacity of LGAs to support implementation at community
level.
Inadequate reporting and follow up on the part of LGAs
Challenges of poverty reduction …….
… however, not everybody is equally poor…
a significant number of people is very
close to the poverty line…
Distribution of Consumption
100,000 Tsh per adult equivalent per month
90,000
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
Average per capita consumption among the poor
10,000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Average per capita Consumption
Food Poverty Line
Basic Needs Poverty Line
20000
15000
10000
… but there are differences among the
poor.
5000
0
Poorest 10% 2nd Poorest 3rd Poorest 4th Poorest
10%
10%
10%
TASAF III Design Factors
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Consolidate the impressive achievement of TASAF-II
using community-driven development (CDD) approach
to facilitate implementation of public works, income
generating activities for poor and vulnerable groups
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Fill gaps in light of demand expressed by communities
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Scale up conditional cash transfers, community savings
and investments, and livelihood enhancement
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Ensure functionality of created assets (education,
health and water)
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Improve Institutional Arrangement for effective
support to poor communities
TASAF III Design Factors …..
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Capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and
organization support delivery of TASAF-III
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Contribute to the attainment of MKUKUTA-II and
MKUZA-II objectives and the advancement of the
social protection agenda.
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Targeted infrastructure development to spur
progress towards achievement of the MDGs
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Nationwide coverage
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Focus on House Holds
Objectives and Beneficiaries of TASAF-III
Objective:
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The objective of TASAF III is to enable poor households to increase
incomes and opportunities while improving consumption.
Beneficiaries:
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The direct beneficiaries of TASAF III are the people currently living
below the basic needs poverty line
This support will be focused on the poor and vulnerable
households as well as those temporarily affected by short-term
shocks.
These people will receive safety net support as well as the
opportunity to participate in livelihood enhancing activities.
The broader number of people living under the basic needs
poverty line will be eligible for livelihood support interventions as
well as be prioritised for the targeted infrastructure support.
Need for a Productive Social Safety net System
Approach
Poor and vulnerable households require
different types of support –
A single intervention is not enough
To move on to a positive
trajectory(route)
To reduce vulnerability in the mid- and longterm by investing in human capital of children
To mitigate shocks
To cope with chronic poverty
The Productive Social Safety Net: A system to support
the poor and vulnerable in Tanzania
Common
targeting
Unified registry of
Beneficiaries
Participation for several years
CCTs
(HH with adults able
+
to work)
Plus savings
promotion
Education, health and
nutrition services
v
(HH with children and
pregnant women)
Incl. monthly
community sessions
PWP
v
Smooth
consumption,
accumulation
of assets
Income
generating
activities,
Savings,
Training
Human capital accumulation and
sustained reduction of poverty
*A household becomes a beneficiary of both programs
Objective of the Productive Social Safety Net
Increasing consumption of extremely
poor on a permanent basis
Smoothing consumption during lean
seasons and shocks
Investing in human capital
Strengthening links with income
generating activities
Increase access to improved social
services
Productive Social Safety Net
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Provision of predictable and timely cash transfers
through a combination of :
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Institutional reform
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CCTs for poor and vulnerable households (Education, health, nutrition)
Participation in seasonal cash-for-work programs during the lean season and shocks
(a labor intensive intervention with 75/25 ratio of labor/capital)
The same group of households will be beneficiary of both programs (over 85%
beneficiaries will be able to participate in the CCTs and the cash-for-work
At the Social Protection sector level (Coordination, institutional responsibilities,
rationalization of SP expenditures)
Implementing agency level (from a social fund to a safety nets approach)
Instruments to support a system approach
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Common targeting mechanism
Single registry of beneficiaries
Same payment mechanism
Comprehensive M&E System and integrated MIS
Selection and Registry of Beneficiaries
TASAF verifies list of
beneficiaries applying a
PMT
URB
(administered by TASAF)
VC sends list of hh via LGAs
In all LGAs select
villages using a
Village/Mtaa/Shehia
Index
TASAF sends list of hh via LGAs
Village Assembly
identifies the
poorest
households
CMC collects
information from
households
Village Assembly
validates final list of
households
CMCs collects
information to
register
beneficiaries in the
URB
Benefits and beneficiaries
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Target population
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Those leaving below food poverty line
Benefits
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From the CCT:
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Basic benefit: US$5 per month
Variable benefit: up to additional US$5 per month
From the cash-for-work:
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US$1.35 per day for up to 60 days in four months
Participation in the two programs equivalent to about 35% of annual households
consumption. That means a HH will receive equivalent of $ 201 per year
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From Livelihood enhancement:
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capacity building and community sessions,
From Targeted Infrastructure:
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support on Health, Education and Water sectors
It is a generous program…
Size of the benefit as % of pre-transfer consumption among beneficiaries
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
… and affordable
… with expected significant impacts…
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Ex-ante simulations indicates:
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Extreme poverty reduction of 52%
Extreme poverty gap reduction of 43%
The cost of the program once it reaches all poor
households leaving below food poverty will be approx.
0.6% of the GDP
Emphasize on group saving and investment aspects
Capacity building and community sessions
Effective use of M&E system and MIS
Effective technical support and facilitation
TASAF III Institutional Set up
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National level: National Steering Committee(NSC), Sector Expert Team (SET),
TASAF Management Unit (TMU), TASAF is Under PO State House:
Regional level: RAS office: Focal TASAF Officer - Follow up of implementation
in PAAs
PAA level: Executive Director, Management Team,(all sectors) Finance
Committee, Full council
Ward level: Extension staff, CDO, ..- Direct provision of technical support to
communities and households
Village/mtaa/shehia level: CMC under oversight of Village Council/Mtaa
Committee/Shehia Advisory Council, endorsed by Village
Assembly/Mtaa/Shehia meeting, overall support to programme
CMCs. Day to day implementation management, collection of information to
register beneficiaries and to verify compliance with co-responsibilities
Education and health sectors. Provision of information on compliance with coresponsibilities
Payment Agencies. Direct transfer to beneficiary households and reconciliation
of payments
Programme Approach
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The implementation modalities of TASAF III will require
significant investment in the development of capacity at
national, regional, PAA and community level and building
systems at all levels.
In order to effectively and adequately develop capacity,
the programme will therefore adopt a phased approach
to programme roll-out.
Roll out plan starts with Regions with high poverty index
The exact speed of roll-out, and the final scale of the
programme will be determined by the level of resources
and capacity.
It is planned to reach all PAAs before end of December
2014. We have reached 22 PAAs to be concluded in
January 2014.
Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN)
Thank you for your attention