Strengthening Social Service
Delivery/Supply Side within TASAF III –
Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN)
Social Protection Conference , 15-17
December, 2014 Arusha Tanzania
Presented by Mr. Ladislaus Mwamanga, TASAF Executive Director
Outline
Background
2.
Achievements
3.
Lessons learned
4.
Implementation challenges
5.
Challenges of poverty reduction and vulnerability
6.
TASAF-III (PSSN)Design Factors
7.
TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and Components
8.
Expected Impact of TASAF III ( PSSN)
9.
TASAF III Beneficiaries Benefit Structure
10. TASAF III Institutional Arrangement
11.
Programme Implementation Approach
12. PAAs Poverty Index Map
13.
Supply side and Assessment
14. Analysis of Supply Side assessment (Mtwara and Lindi)
15. What sectors and TASAF can respond
16.
END
1.
Background

Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) was officially initiated in 2000 by the
Government of the United Republic of Tanzania



First one year pilot program in 8 poor districts on the Mainland to pretest the CDD approach
It was one of its initiatives on poverty reduction anchored to Poverty
Reduction Strategies using community driven development(CDD).
The First Phase of TASAF (2000-2005) addressed key issues that were
identified in the first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP I)
 Main focus was on :




improving social service delivery
addressing income poverty for poor able bodied but food insecure
households and
capacity enhancement
The first phase was implemented in 40 most poor districts in Tanzania
mainland and Unguja and Pemba ( 42 operational areas)
3
Achievements of the First Phase





A total of 1,704 sub projects were funded and implemented and
total of TZS 72 billion was used .
7.3 million beneficiaries in 40 districts on the Mainland and all
districts in Zanzibar were reached through supported sub
projects.
113,646 PWP direct beneficiaries (47% women) and transferred
cash income was US$ 3.3 million
136,333 beneficiaries trained in various aspects of project
management
More than 20,000 members of Community Project Committees,
more than 1,500 district facilitators, about 200 NGOs/CBOs as
well as Council Management Teams were trained.
4
Implementation of the Second Phase

The Second Phase of TASAF (2005-2013) built on Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) and the first National Strategy
for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUKUTA I and
MKUZA I) to assist meeting the targets by 2010 for MKUKUTA
I/MKUZA I and 2015 for MDGs.
5
Implementation of the Second Phase….

The focus of the Second Phase was to address:



Lack and/or shortage of social services
income poverty in rural and urban areas, and
capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and institutions
6
Achievements of the Second Phase






A total of 12,347 sub projects were funded and
implemented and TZS 430 billion was used .
Population with access to improved social services was
18,682,208
Vulnerable individuals participating in income generating
activities: 371,250.
Community Based-Conditional Cash Transfer reached
11,576 households with 28,480 individual beneficiaries.
A total of 280,223 individuals were reached with training
at all levels.
A total of 1,778 voluntary savings groups with 22,712
savers were formed and saving a total of 750 million
7
Implementation Challenges

TASAF has not provided adequate coverage and continuity of
support.





Resources were limited and inadequate to meet overwhelming
demand from communities ( SPIF 118,000 vs 12,347 SP funded).
Functionality in some of created assets, especially in health and
education sectors.
Scaling up of initiatives implemented in limited pilot areas, like
the Community-Based Conditional Cash Transfer and
Community Savings and Investment Promotion.
Low capacity of LGAs to support implementation at community
level.
Inadequate reporting and follow up on the part of LGAs
Challenges of poverty reduction and vulnerability
… however, not everybody is equally poor…
a significant number of people is very
close to the poverty line…
Distribution of Consumption
100,000 Tsh per adult equivalent per month
90,000
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
Average per capita consumption among the poor
10,000
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Average per capita Consumption
Food Poverty Line
Basic Needs Poverty Line
20000
15000
10000
… but there are differences among the
poor.
5000
0
Poorest 10% 2nd Poorest 3rd Poorest 4th Poorest
10%
10%
10%
TASAF III (PSSN)Design Factors

PSSN aims to put emplace the building blocks of a permanent national
social safety net

The GoT committed to put PSSNn budget and scale it up to reach over
1 million poor households

Consolidate the impressive achievement of TASAF-II using communitydriven development (CDD) approach to facilitate implementation of
public works, income generating activities for poor and vulnerable
groups

Fill gaps in light of demand expressed by communities

Scale up conditional cash transfers, community savings and
investments, and livelihood enhancement

Ensure functionality of created assets (education, health and water)

Improve Institutional Arrangement for effective support to poor
communities
TASAF III Design Factors …..

Capacity enhancement of beneficiaries and
organization support delivery of TASAF-III

Contribute to the attainment of MKUKUTA-II and
MKUZA-II objectives and the advancement of the
social protection agenda.

Targeted infrastructure development to spur
progress towards achievement of the MDGs

Nationwide coverage

Focus on House Holds
TASAF III Objectives, Beneficiaries and components
Objective:

The objective of TASAF III is to enable poor households to increase
incomes and opportunities while improving consumption.
Beneficiaries:




The direct beneficiaries of TASAF III are the people currently living
below the food poverty line
This support will be focused on the poor and vulnerable
households as well as those temporarily affected by short-term
shocks.
These people will receive safety net support as well as the
opportunity to participate in livelihood enhancing activities.
The broader number of people living under the food poverty line
will be eligible for livelihood support interventions as well as be
prioritised for the targeted infrastructure support.
Poor and vulnerable households require
different types of support –
A single intervention is not enough
To move on to a positive
trajectory(route)
To reduce vulnerability in the mid- and longterm by investing in human capital of children
To mitigate shocks
To cope with chronic poverty
The Productive Social Safety Net: A system to support
the poor and vulnerable in Tanzania
Common
targeting
Unified registry of
Beneficiaries
Participation for several years
CCTs
(HH with children and
pregnant women)
Incl. monthly
community sessions
PWP
(HH with adults able
+
to work)
Plus savings
promotion
v
Smooth
consumption,
accumulation
of assets
Income
generating
activities,
Savings,
Training
Improved
community assets
v
Education, health and
nutrition services
Human capital accumulation and
sustained reduction of poverty
*A household becomes a beneficiary of both programs
Objective of the Productive Social Safety Net
Increasing consumption of extremely
poor on a permanent basis
Smoothing consumption during lean
seasons and shocks
Investing in human capital
Strengthening links with income
generating activities
Increase access to improved social
services
Productive Social Safety Net
•
Provision of predictable and timely cash transfers
through a combination of :


•
Institutional reform


•
CCTs for poor and vulnerable households (Education, health, nutrition)
Participation in seasonal cash-for-work programs during the lean season and shocks
(a labor intensive intervention with 75/25 ratio of labor/capital)
The same group of households will be beneficiary of both programs (over 85%
beneficiaries will be able to participate in the CCTs and the cash-for-work
At the Social Protection sector level (Coordination, institutional responsibilities,
rationalization of SP expenditures)
Implementing agency level (from a social fund to a safety nets approach)
Instruments to support a system approach




Common targeting mechanism
Single registry of beneficiaries
Same payment mechanism- move towards e-payments
Comprehensive M&E System and integrated MIS
Selection and Registry of Beneficiaries
TASAF verifies list of
beneficiaries applying a
PMT
URB
(administered by TASAF)
VC sends list of hh via LGAs
In all LGAs select
villages using a
Village/Mtaa/Shehia
Index
TASAF sends list of hh via LGAs
Village Assembly
identifies the
poorest
households
CMC collects
information from
households
Village Assembly
validates final list of
households
CMCs collects
information to
register
beneficiaries in the
URB
Benefits and Beneficiaries
•
Target population

•
Those leaving below food poverty line
Benefits

From the Conditional Cash Transfer:



Basic benefit: TZS 10,000 per month
Children under 18 years: TZS 4,000 per month
Health variable benefit


Education variable benefit




TZS 2,300 per day for up to 60 days in four months per Households
From Livelihood enhancement:


Primary school TZS 2,000 per month with CAP TZS 8,000
Junior Secondary TZS 4,000 per month with CAP TZS 12,000
Senior Secondary TZS 6,000 per month with CAP TZS 12,000
From the cash-for-work:


Children under 5 years 4,000 per month
capacity building and community sessions so as to do savings and invest in productive assets,
From Targeted Infrastructure:

support on Health, Education and Water sectors
It is a generous program…
Size of the benefit as % of pre-transfer consumption among beneficiaries
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
… and affordable
Expected impacts of TASAF III ( PSSN)

Ex-ante simulations indicates:







Extreme poverty reduction by 52%
Extreme poverty gap reduction by 43%
The cost of the program once it reaches all poor
households leaving below food poverty will be approx.
0.6% of the GDP
Emphasize on group saving and investment aspects
Capacity building and community sessions
Effective use of M&E system and MIS
Effective technical support and facilitation
TASAF III Institutional Set up



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National level: National Steering Committee(NSC), Sector Expert Team (SET),
TASAF Management Unit (TMU), TASAF is Under PO State House:
Regional level: RAS office: Focal TASAF Officer - Follow up of implementation
in PAAs
PAA level: Executive Director, Management Team,(all sectors) Finance
Committee, Full council
Ward level: Extension staff, CDO, ..- Direct provision of technical support to
communities and households
Village/mtaa/shehia level: CMC under oversight of Village Council/Mtaa
Committee/Shehia Advisory Council, endorsed by Village
Assembly/Mtaa/Shehia meeting, overall support to programme
CMCs. Day to day implementation management, collection of information to
register beneficiaries and to verify compliance with co-responsibilities
Education and health sectors. Provision of information on compliance with coresponsibilities
Payment Agencies. Direct transfer to beneficiary households and reconciliation
of payments
Programme Implementation Approach

In order to effectively and adequately develop capacity, the programme has adopt a phased
approach to programme roll-out.

Roll out plan starts with Regions with high poverty index

First wave 14 PAAs (Mtwara and Lindi) - November 2013

Second wave 19 PAAs ( Dodoma, singida, Katavi and Kigoma)- April 2014

Third wave 27 PAAs(Arusha,Kilimanjaro,Manyara and Mara) – July 2014

Fourth wave 33 PAAs(Simiyu, Mwanza,Shinyanga,Morogoro, Pwani and Tanga) - October 2014

Impact Evaluation wave 16 PAAs – November 2014

Fifth wave 52 PAAs ( DSM, Kagera, Geita, Iringa, Njombe, Ruvuma, Rukwa, Tabora, Kigoma and
Zanzibar ( Unguja and Pemba remaining shehias) – January 2015

It is planned to reach all PAAs before end of March 2014.

So far We have reached 109 PAAs.

Targeted 580,844 Households but still on going to other villages.

Enrolled 276,510 Households for CCT but not done all data capture for enrolment wave 3 &4

Paid six rounds of transfers about TZS 33.3 billion(29.3b Beneficiaries, 2.83b PAAs, 499m VC,
333m RAS and 333m Ward)

Initiated 515 labour intensive Public Works subprojects in 8 PAAs worth TZS 10.6 Billion
With 58,259 beneficiaries in 355 villages/shahia. 1.4 billion used at PAAs, RAS, Ward and
Village Government offices
Supply Side

Where as the beneficieries are required to comply to
conditionalities, the Governmnet/ PSSN Program has
also its co responsibilities

The Government/PSSN Programme have to ensure
that functional service facilities and equipment to
beneficiary communities are provided so as to comply
with set up conditions at reasonable standard
distances.

Beneficieries need to have access to education, health
and water facilities
Supply Side Capacity Assessment.

Provision of services to the beneficiaries is a principal pillar in
investing in human capital.

Before the program starts implementation in project areas, a
supply capacity assessment is conducted to determine the gaps
on service provision

This process allows the PAAs to plan and identify solutions on how
the gaps will be filled both in terms of quality and quantity

Non availability of services enables beneficiaries to demand for
the services thus making the Program and respective sectors
responsive to their demands
Beneficiaries of PSSN in Bunda district attending
children clinic as one of conditionality
Some of the pupils beneficiaries of PSSN attending class in
Pemba as one of the conditionality

Highlights on Supply Side Assessment for wave one 14 PAA
( Mtwara and Lindi)

Education Sector


Shortage in primary schools

8 per cent of the required number of teachers

78 per cent of the required number of teachers’ houses

78 per cent of the required number of water facilities
Health Sector

47 per cent of the required number of health staff

69 per cent of the required number of staff houses

69 per cent of the required number of water facilities
Analysis of Supply Side Assessment for wave
one 14 PAAs ( Mtwara and Lindi)
Description
Requirements
Available
Gap
% gap
Education Sector
Teachers
25,585
23,468
2,117
8
Teachers’
houses
25,630
5,529
20,101
78
Water points
2,004
445
1,559
78
Toilet
35,330
29,128
6,202
18
Health Sector
Health Staff
29,795
15,685
14,110
47
Staff Houses
11,687
3,614
8,073
69
Water
Facilities
1,400
437
963
69
What TASAF(PSSN) can offer

The Targeted Infrastructure component supports development of
infrastructure in education, health and water sectors

All sub projects which require PSSN support under targeted
Infrastructure are determined through supply side capacity
assessment results and endorsed by the communities.

Limited funds for implementation of sub projects under TASAF PSSN are made available after submission of application form.

Resources available so far is from the government contribution

Willingness for minimum community contribution ( 10%) and
completion of project appraisal and approval processes.

Work on highly priority of facilities ( Health, education and water)
Role of sectors

Work hand in hand with TASAF(PSSN) during supply
side capacity assessment

Link the project with other programmes, projects and
initiatives so as to avoid duplication of efforts and
resources in addressing supply side gaps

Assist the PAAs to set the priority list on the gaps
available as per sector norms and standards

During sub project implementation sector experts are
required to supervise and provide technical support
and ascertain that sub projects are implemented in
conformity with sector norms and standards
WAY FOWARD
To strengthen social service delivery;
 A report on supply side assessment from PAAs will be shared
with respective ministries so that budgets are allocated

TASAF has engaged a consultant to work on analysis of the
supply side assessment so that a priority list is set for each village.

Sectors, PSSN and other interested parties need to work together
on resources mobilizations to bridge the gap on service provision
 The service delivery is not solely about hardware. The software part
(personnel and supplies) also need to be worked on.

Capacity gaps also need to be identified and filled so that quality services
are provided.
END of presentation
Thank you for your attention