Dr. Anita
Professor
IGPR&GVS (SIRD), Rajasthan

Overall Context
Systematic Approach to Training of PRIs:
2000 AD Onwards
TNA2000, 2004 & 2009
TIA-
2004 under
SDC supported
PRISMO
TMD– 2000,
2002,2005,
2007
(BRGF),
2008(
Ref.Trg.SC,ST,
♀)
2009
(Ref. Trg. for all)
2010- (
Orientation Trg., for all PRIs after fresh elections) in Progress
TPRIs 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007(BRGF),
2008 (Ref. Trg. SC,ST,
♀
) & 2009 (Ref. Trg. for all) & latest Orientation Campaign in 2010
TOT2000, 2002, 2003, 2005,
2007, 2008, 2009 & latest in
2010

Rationale for Introducing the Systematic Approach to Training
(SAT)- Cycle and Decentralized Training Cascades for PRIs in
Rajasthan

For customized/need-based responsive training corresponding to entry behaviour of PRIs (w.r.t. knowledge, skills and attitudes- existing & desired)
 To equip PRIs for effective role-performance with a view for improving local self governance

Inclusive multi-stakeholder TNA-Workshops for arriving at stakeholder needs

Need-based module and material development to guide state-wide training of
PRIs with a uniform curriculum for maintaining optimal quality of content and delivery

Training a strong cadre of trainers to deliver direct training to PRIs as
Decentralized cascades

Decentralized training- a time and cost effective alternative to ensure fast outreach and ensuring ‘Training for All’- in the PRI-Sector: with more than 1.25 lac functionaries to be trained every 5 years

Assessing training impact as a strategy for validation of training objectives, content, methodology and outcomes

Emerging Core Training Issues from the TNA of PRIs:
2000 & 2004
PRI Set-up: Current Scenario
Main provisions of Panchayati Raj Act and Rules and
Role Clarity
Goal-clarity with regard to Human / Social / Rural Development
Standing Committees and their Functions
Intra-and Inter-departmental Coordination & Government
Procedures
Micro-planning for Development: PLA / PRA-tools &
Gram Sabhas
Financial Management and Resource-Mobilization

Emerging Core Training Issues from the TNA of PRIs (Contd...)
Decentralized Planning: Role of District Planning Committee
State and Central Finance Commissions and flow of Funds to PRIs
Gender Sensitization and curbing social evils
Social Security Schemes
Right to Information, Social Audit and Curbing Corruption
Disaster Management
Role of PRIs with respect to Revenue matters
Leadership and Communication Skills

New Thrust Areas: 2004 -05
Responsive & Good Governance
Constitutional Perspective: Fundamental Rights, Duties
& Directive Principles of State Policy
Millennium Development Goals of UN & relevance for
GP-Level
Human Rights and Human Development Concerns
Gender Issues & Empowerment of Women
Panchayat Human Development Progress Card : 2005
Problem Solving Wheel: Peer Interaction

TNA: 2009-Emerging Priorities
 Panchayati Raj Act & Rules: 73 rd Constitutional Amendment, 50% Reservation for women in
Rajasthan from 2010, Engendering Panchayats, various Standing Committees and meetings desired at the 3 levels of PRIs, PESA
 Roles, Responsibilities and Powers of ERs & Officials:
3 tiers/ PRIs: Ward Sabha,
Gram Sabha, Panchayat Samiti, Zila Parishad, District Planning Committee and the Vision for
Development- five yearly and annual
 Human Development: Education, Health, Women & Child Development, Livelihoods related
Schemes & Strategies
 Major Development Schemes implemented by PRIs: NREGA, SGSY, IAY, MP/MLA-
LAD, Watershed, TSC, Poverty Reduction & Livelihoods, various Social Security Schemes etc.
 Financial Management: Sources of funds, Local Development Planning, Budgeting,
Accounts-Records, Audit, UC & CC, Technical Estimates, BSR, MB, TS, FS, AS, Mobilizing own income, Accounts Rules & procedures, Store & Inventory Mgt., Gender Responsive Planning and
Gender Audit
 Administration & Office Mgt.:
Record keeping, Agenda for meetings, Meeting minutes &
Action taken reports, Revenue Matters- Handling encroachments on CPRs, Housing Pattas, Land
Titles and records, PDS, Registration of Births, Marriages and Deaths, Supervision of Staff, Office
Correspondence
 Personal Development: Recognizing self potential, Leadership skills, Public- speaking &
Communication, Confidence Building, Positive Mental Attitude, Conflict- Resolution, Coordination,
Gender Sensitivity, Pro-Poor & Dalit Inclusive- Vision, Stress Management, Time Management,
Relationship Mgt. & Humour
 Topical Concerns/Emerging Challenges: e-learning, Interface with Civil Society, Green &
Clean Eco-Friendly Governance, Disaster Mgt., Human Rights & Various Social Legislations, RTI &
Social Audit, Transparent & Accountable Governance

TNA Based Training Modules Development (TMD)
Joint Training Modules 2000, 2002, 2005 Editions – Rajasthan
Joint Orientation Module for Zila Parishad Level for Chair/Vice Chair, Members, CEO & ACEO
3 Days
Joint Orientation Module for Panchayat Samiti
Level - for Chair/Vice Chair, Members and Vikas -
Adhikaris (BDOs)
3 Days
Joint Orientation Module for Gram Panchayat
Level - for Sarpanch/Up Sarpanch & Gram Sevak i.e. Chair/Vice Chair and Secretary
6 Days
1 Day
(2 days from 2010)
Orientation Module for Ward Panches
Orientation Module for Chair persons and Women-
Members of Various Standing Committees of PRIs
2 Days

TNA Based Training Modules Development (TMD)
Additional Thematic Modules & Materials Created
 Module for Capacity Building of PRIs on
Population, Health, RCH & Gender Issues (2005)
Distance Education Booklet Series : 2006-07

Duties & Powers of Zila Parishad, Chair Person & Members

Duties & Powers of Panchayati Samiti, Chair Person & Members

Duties & Powers of Gram Panchayat & Sarpanch

Duties & Powers of Ward Panch, Ward Sabha & Gram Sabha
 Orientation Training Modules for BRGF Districts (2007)
 Refresher Training Modules for SC, ST & Women Elected
Representatives of PRIs (2008)
 Gender Responsive District Plan: Modules and Materials for
Engendering Districts Plans for Human Development (2008)
 Thematic Refresher Module on NREGA, NRHM, RTI, Social
Audit & Role of Standing Committees of PRIs

Training of Trainers (TOT)
State Level Master Trainers (MTs) – 100 Persons drawn from
GOs, NGOs, Research & Training Institutions -trained at IGPRS
District Training Teams (DTTs) – 1500 Persons trained with the support of MTs and organizing support of 21 NGO partners in a decentralized mode:
-@ 5 to 7 multi-disciplinary team-members per blockpanchayat, of which minimum 2 are women
Seven rounds of TOTs held in 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005,
2007(BRGF), 2008(Ref.Trg. SC,ST & Women ERs), 2009(Thematic Ref. Trg.)
Additionally thematic Ref. ToTs held for Pilot Projects on
Population, Health & Gender Issues (2005) & Engendering
District Plans (2008-09) supported by UNFPA & UNDP
Block based DTTs equipped to deliver direct training to
PRIs, simultaneously in all blocks, in a Cascade mode

Decentralized Training Campaign (TPRIs):
Feb-Mar 2002 (Phase-I )
For Empowering Women Leaders on Priority
One week residential training camps for Women
Sarpanches - 55 Camps for 3056 Women Gram-
Panchayat Leaders
One day orientation camps for Women Ward-
Panches - 750 Camps for 35000 Women Panches
Average turnout 80 to 90% reported and 35000
Women Leaders trained, in less than a month, in a campaign mode

Decentralized Training Campaign (TPRIs):
Sept-Oct, 2003 ( Phase – II )
Achieving the National Training Policy Goal of “Training for All”
One week residential training camps for joint training of
Sarpanches & Panchayat Secretaries (at block level):
- 250 camps with 90% turnout - (16,500 persons trained)
One day orientation training camps for all Ward Panches
(at sub-block level):
- 750 camps with 60% turnout - (65,000 Ward Panches trained)
“Training for All” goal achieved, through decentralized block / sub-block based training camps in a Cascade mode within a month (15 Sept to 15 Oct, 2003)

TIA studies conducted through NGO partners in 30 Districts,
70 Blocks and 270 Gram Panchayats
PRI-Training Impact Highlights
Role clarity and Self confidence increased
Mindset of development = construction broken
Understanding of human development goals enhanced
More focus on education, especially of girl-children
Pro-active role for health, water, sanitation & electricity coverage
Greater gender sensitivity in need-based development planning & practice

TIA studies conducted through NGO partners in 30 Districts,
70 Blocks and 270 Gram Panchayats
PRI-Training Impact Highlights
Women PRI leaders emerged more articulate and assertive
Initiatives for eradication of social evils taken
Team synergy increased across elected – official partnership
Efforts initiated for transparency and social audit
Demand for continuous training and resource support has increased

4-9 April, 2005
97% Turnout
25-30 April, 2005
100% Turnout
5-7 May, 2005
Ave. 90% Turnout

Debriefing Workshops for ACEOs, NGOs, PTCs & BDOs
Training of DTTs/BTTs at 21 venues with support of NGO-Partners &
Panchayat Training Centres
9-10 May, 2005
Ave. 95% Turnout
16-21 May, 2005
More than 100% Turnout
Joint Training of Gram Panchayat Chiefs: 30 May to
Sarpanches & Gram Sevaks at Block Level 4 Jun, 2005
Ave. 99% Turnout
(simultaneously in all Blocks)
Orientation Training Camps for all Ward Panches (Ward Chiefs) at Sub-Block Levels
6-18 Jun, 2005
Ave. 80% Turnout

Achievements/Outcomes:
‘Trg. for All’ Goal Achieved for PRIs in Rajasthan
All the Workshops and Trainings Planned under PRI-Trg. Campaign –
2005, successfully completed in 75- days, with average 95% attendance across all events!
1.25 Lac PRI Leaders from Zila Pramukhs to Wardpanches & CEOs to
Gram Sevaks exposed to basic orientation within three months after elections!
A new record has been set in the country, by emerging as the first State to have achieved within three months of PRI elections, “Training for All”
Goal, in the PRI Sector, in keeping with the recommendations of the
Seventh Round Table Conference & the National Training Policy!
The Institute’s achievement of ‘Training for All’ PRIs has been documented as a success story in ‘Log In’ Website of SDC for South Asia
Knowledge Exchange Network of Best Practices in Local Governance;
UNDP-Planning Commission- Good Practices Resource Book (2009)listing 30 success stories from all over India and the Institute has been listed amongst 50 lead development resource institutions in South Asia by
UNICEF, South Asia- in their Directory of Development Communication
Resources in South Asia (2006)

Current Status :
Ongoing efforts for Capacity Building of PRIs
In 2005-06, in a special Pilot Project for district Sawai Madhopur- 197 GPs were trained on Gender & Health Governance, under MoPR-UNFPA support- and HD data base was evolved at each GP level
In 2007, Orientation Training of all PRIs conducted in 12 BRGF- Districts in the cascade- mode: outreaching training for BRGF to more than 35,000 elected representatives and officials on effective local planning
In 2008-09, a Refresher Trg. Campaign was conducted for all PRIs in two phases:
 Phase-I: for SC, ST & Women R epresentatives- for empowering them for performing their duties in the spirit of Panchayati Raj Act & Rules- conducted in June-July, 2008
 Phase-II: for all PRIs- Thematic Refresher in June/July, 09 on NREGA, NRHM, RTI, Social Audit
& Standing Committee of PRIs
In 2008-09-A special Pilot Project for Jaipur Divn. For Capacity Building of DPCs &
PRIs has been successfully completed on the theme of Gender Responsive
District Planning- with the support of UNDP & Planning Commission, GOI
In 2010- After latest elections, Basic Orientation Joint Training Campaign for all
PRIs, including ERs & Officials is currently in progress, to be completed by 31 st
July, 10, achieving the ‘Training for All’ goal yet again within six months of PRI
Elections, through a 100 Days Training Campaign.

Financial Resources: For one round of ‘Training for All’ of PRIs in Rajasthanin basic Orientation Campaign has entailed a resource-base of Rs. 5.00
Crores appx. on the modules followed till now. However, in 2010, it is likely to go upto Rs. 10.00 Crores, as duration for Training of Panchayat level (which comprises almost 1.24 lac functionaries) is recommended to be increased to min. one week for Sarpanch- Gram Sevak Training & Two Days (in lieu of one day) for Ward Members
Human Resources: Although, seven rounds of ToTs have been held Statewide so far since 2000; however, each fresh round of trainer-training entails a turn over of almost 50-60% new entrants
Training Resources: Each fresh round of PRI training entails creation of fresh training materials & modules development, in response to emerging needs- which keep growing in volume & variety over time, in keeping with newer challenges unfolding in the face of local governance
Administrative & Political Support: For each Decentralized Training
Campaign to achieve its timelines & desired outcomes- requires total commitment & support of administrative & political will to be in consonance with the campaign vision & mission

Current Human Resource Profile of
Panchayati Raj Institutions in Rajasthan
 Zila Pramukhs (District Chiefs) – 33(w.e.f. from 2010
Elections)

Zila Parishad Members - 1013

Pradhans (Block Chiefs) - 248

Panchayat Samiti Members - 5273

Sarpanches (Village Panchayat Chiefs) – 9166

Ward Panches – 1,05,257

Total No. of Elected Representatives – 1,20,553

Total No. of Elected Women Representatives– 50% by reservation & 5-10% by General contest