2015 California Transportation Planning
Conference
The Future of Transportation Panel
Connected Vehicles
Alan Clelland
Sr. Vice President, Iteris
December 4, 2015
NYSE MKT: ITI
Topics
• What is a Connected Vehicle?
• What can we expect here in California?
• How does this relate to Autonomous Vehicles?
• What can we expect here in California?
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What is a Connected Vehicle?
• A vehicle that can
receive and send
information
Vehicle Data:
latitude, longitude, time,
heading angle, speed, lateral
acceleration, longitudinal
acceleration, yaw rate, throttle
position, brake status, steering
angle, headlight status, wiper
status, external temperature,
turn signal status, vehicle
length, vehicle width, vehicle
mass, bumper height ….
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Where is this data going to and coming
from?
V2I –
Vehicle to Infrastructure
V2V –
Vehicle to Vehicle
New NHTSA Ruling: All light vehicles to have the
Basic Safety Message
NHTSA estimates that connected vehicle technology could potentially
address 80 percent of all unimpaired crash scenarios
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Next Step: Vehicular ad hoc Networks
• Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P):
– Messages are transmitted between vehicles and
pedestrians/bikes who send and receive messages via their
phones or other wireless devices.
• As a transportation professional :
– How do I take advantage of these capabilities?
Check out the CVRIA:
Connected Vehicle Reference
Implementation Architecture
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Defines over 90
applications
using CV
technologies
Connected Vehicle Applications
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Impacts of V2I and V2V…
The annual societal cost of traffic crashes is $299.5
billion, more than three times the $97.7 billion cost
of congestion.
By 2020, 75% of the 92 million cars shipped globally will
be built with the necessary hardware to connect to the
internet.
Sources: AAA’s “Crashes vs. Congestion – What’s the Cost to Society?” and BI Intelligence
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What can we expect here in California?
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CV Pilot Deployment Program
PROGRAM GOALS
Spur Early CV
Tech
Deployment
CV Tech: Wirelessly
connected vehicles,
mobile devices, and
infrastructure
Measure
Deployment
Benefits
Safety, Mobility,
and Environment
Resolve
Deployment
Issues
Technical,
Institutional,
Financial
USDOT ITS Joint Program Office
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The One California Response
Advisory Committee
Program Manager
MTC
METRO
LADPW
SANDAG
CA PATH (UC Berkeley)
CE-CERT (UC Riverside)
Cal Poly
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Program Management Council
Caltrans (DRISI)
Caltrans (Traffic Ops)
MTC
METRO
SANDAG
Concept Development Lead
System Development Lead
Phase 1
Concept Development
Phase 2 and 3
Contractor Teams
Iteris, Inc.
Leidos
Parsons Brinckerhoff
System Metrics Group
System Designer and
Integrator procured before
conclusion of Phase 1
Project Management Lead
Priority V2I Applications for California
Mobility
Environment
•
Transit Signal Priority
•
Eco-FRATIS*
•
Freight Signal Priority
•
Eco-SmartDrive*
•
Mobile Accessible Pedestrian Signal
System
•
Freight Specific Dynamic Travel
Planning/Performance
•
Drayage Optimization
•
Dynamic Transit Operations
•
Bus Stop Alert*
•
Queue Warning
•
Dynamic Speed Harmonization
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Safety
•
Pedestrian in Signalized Crosswalk
•
Reduce Speed – Work Zone Warning
•
Curve Speed Warning
Agency Efficiency
•
Probe-Enabled Traffic Monitoring
•
Probe-Based Pavement Maintenance
Proposed CVPD Schedule
• Selected Wave 1 Pilots anticipated to begin Phase 1 (Concept
Development) in October 2015
– 12 month schedule
• Phase 2 (Design/Build/Test) to begin October 2016
– Up to 20 month schedule
• Phase 3 (Maintain/Operate Pilot) to begin April 2018
– Minimum 18 months
• Post-pilot operations starting November 2019
– ongoing and routine maintenance
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Moving V2I to Deployment
Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act
• Explicit funding eligibility for installation of V2I
communication equipment within all major highway formula
programs including:
– National Highway Performance Program (NHPP)
– Surface Transportation Block Grant Program (STP)
– Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP)
– Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ)
Improvement program;
Washington DC, 12/2/15
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The Age of Info and Telecomm
Probe Data
Cloud Computing
Crowd sourcing
So it’s not about building infrastructure any more …….
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The impact of better data through
connectivity:
+
VS.
WAZE is being criticized for routing traffic through residential areas – using
routes that are not meant for through traffic
Public agency and private sector company goals may not be compatible
Can effective P3 arrangements be agreed upon to provide benefit to the public
while not compromising these goals?
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But wait….there’s more
The Car As You Know It Is
Dead
GOODBYE, MOTORING.
HELLO, MOBILITY.
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Enter Autonomous Vehicles
Not only will they happen….
They are here now!
A car that can drive itself
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…. and in some new shapes!
A vehicle that can drive itself
All are enhanced by Connectivity
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What can we expect here in California?
The San Ramon EZ10 Bus Fleet – Deployment in 2016
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Agency Involvement in AV
• Re-purposed Concord’s 2100-acre vacant naval station
into a test lab for autonomous and Internet-connected
vehicles
• CCTA has been working to court companies working
on high-tech automotive research:
– Honda is now testing a self-driving Acura RLX sedan
– Mercedes-Benz previously used the site
– Tesla and Apple have expressed interest
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… and here in LA
Automated Guideway Transit and Low Speed Vehicles
• Leimert Park, LA
• South Bay
Courtesy of Urban Systems Laboratories
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Why not Autonomous?
• Saves Lives
– 6500 times better detecting danger than a human (Nissan)
• Saves Space
– Higher capacity roadways, less space and time needed for parking
• Saves Time
– Less congestion, more productive time when in it
• Saves Energy
– In urban areas, 40% of gas usage is wasted looking for parking
• Saves Money
– Changing the concept of car ownership
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The road ahead?
• 2020
• Infrastructure being adapted to CV technologies
• Mixed vehicles fleet CV/non-CV
• Autonomous freight
• AGT/LSV
• 2030
• Decreasing relevance of infrastructure-based
solutions
• Increasing penetration of AV
• Decrease in new drivers licensing
• 2040
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CV/AV Impacts: Socio-economic
• Significant rebalancing of individual capital investments away
from poorly-utilized assets (personal vehicles) to alternative
investments or service fees
• Acceleration of technology turnover – shared use model
reaches economic payback 4x-5x faster than dedicated
ownership model
• Redistribution of land use in urban areas away from vehicle
parking to alternative uses
• Shift of insurance burden from individual drivers/owners to
manufacturers
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Conclusions
• Connectivity is changing the way we view and access
transportation
• Car sharing is paving the way to improving not only mobility
but accessibility without the need for vehicle ownership
• Connected and Autonomous Vehicle technologies are here,
now
• The Public sector is being challenged to engage the private
sector in new ways to seek mutually acceptable solutions
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