Typhoon Yolanda : Market Analysis of Fishing
Livelihood Systems DRAFT report
Batad and San Dionisio Municipalities, Iloilo
Province, December 2013
1. Introduction
Super typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan hit the Philippines on 8 November 2013 with wind speeds of up to
235 km/h, rainfall of up to 30 mm/hr, and storm surges 6 meters high in some areas.1 As of 21
November, as many as 13.2 million people are estimated to have been affected, including over 3,900
killed and 4.4 million displaced. Over 1 million homes have sustained damage. Other infrastructure
such as roads, airports, seaports, water supply, and electricity lines were devastated. Additionally,
the storm caused severe shortages in potable water, food stocks, and medical supplies.
The response has rapidly shifted from provision of essential items to recovery of shelter and
livelihoods. The IRC program strategy includes provision of material support for reconstructing
shelters as well as assistance to either re-start or continue livelihoods, particularly fishing-focused
livelihood systems in coastal areas which have been particularly impacted. Many fishing communities
lost critical assets, such as boats, fishing nets, and other material. The physical market infrastructure
– the places where fish are bought, sold, and processed – have been affected. The livelihoods of
women and youth, who fill specific roles in the fish-oriented livelihood systems have been impacted
as well as fishermen.
The purpose of this analysis is to understand how fishing market systems have been impacted by the
typhoon, and to identify specific populations in the fishing livelihood system to whom additional
livelihood support should be directed in order to re-start fish-based income-earning strategies. The
study covered all the coastal barangays of Batad (Alinsolong, Banban, Binon-an, Embarcadero, Tanao
and Salong) and San Dionisio (Nipa, Siempre, Viva, Poblacion, Naborot Island, Tiabas, Sua, Bagacay,
Borongon, Agdaliran and Odjongan), municipalities of Iloilo Province, Region VI, and focused on the
fish capturing activity (excluding aquaculture and seaweed growing activities). The assessment
adapted the EMMA methodology to accomplish the assessment objective, but follows the data
gathering and analytical processes of the EMMA toolkit. The assessment fieldwork took place from
December 7th to December 11th, beginning with including half-day workshops in each municipality
with fisherfolks association representatives and personnel in charge of fishery sector within the
municipal governments. Focus group discussions were conducted with fishermen in all the barangays
of the assessed area, as well as semi-structured interviews with traders, commissioners, vendors,
households and boat builders.
The study focused on livelihoods related to fishery activities system. It included mainly markets
systems for boat building, fishery activity and fish trading.
1
OCHA, “Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan,” 12 November 2013.
Based on the assessment findings, the EMMA team has identified 6 main recommendations to
support the re-starting and continuation of fishing-based livelihoods in coastal areas impacted by
Typhoon Yolanda. These recommendations are (for more detail on these recommendations, see
Section 5 below):
1. Support households to rebuild 16 to 18ft boats and access to 6.5 to 7.5 HP engine, potentially
including additional grant for fishing material and inputs;
2. Support the boat builders market system, to reduce market-based bottlenecks to
reconstructing boats (mainly the availability of skilled boatbuilders);
3. Support local fish traders and vendors for access to capital to restart their activities;
4. Targeting should be done at barangay rather than household level - some barangays are less
affected than others, but there not major differences in terms of the impact of the storm
between households (participating in fishing activities) within a barangay;
5. Monitor financial institution decisions for support to fishermen;
6. Monitor boat building material, engine and spare parts prices and availability when taking
the final decision for program design.
2. Fishing and Trading Market System
1. Fishing and trading market system2
F
I
S
H
E
R
M
E
N
/
B
O
A
T
MFMARC
Municipal City
Ordinance
(Nat. Fisheries Laws)
BFARMC
BantayDagat
!
!
Sanctuary
Ordinance
Permits, Licensing and
Registration
(Business and Trade)
Logging
restriction
Fisherfolk
Registration
!
Fishing Gear
Permit
Fisherfolk
Association
!
!
C
O
N
S
U
M
E
R
Local vendor
SQUID/
CRAB
Lean season
Peak season
Shrimps,
Lawayan,
tabagak
& other
types of
fishes
O
W
N
E
R
S
Buyer/
Trader
!
Processing
Plant
Export
Commissioners
(Estancia, San Dionsio,
Concepcion, Alinsolong...)
lean season
Local vendors
Peak season
!
!
Wholesaler
(Estancia, Manila,
Iloilo, Cebu..)
Wholesaler
(Estancia,
Manila, Iloilo,
Cebu..)
Traders /
Commissioners
(Estancia, San Dionsio,
C
O
N
S
U
M
E
R
S
Credit
Ice box/ basin
(Banyeras)
Local Boat
Builders
Engine
Supplier/Distributor
Ice plant & retailers /
local ice producers
Operator / Helpers
Crab Pot Maker
Boat and fishing
material
Fuel Station
And Retailer
Fishing material
Net Supplier/ Tailor
Engine
Public Market
Paddle
Mechanics
2
the map does not include all the species and trading practices, but only the main ones (lobo-lobo for example which used
to be captured with Sinsoro, is not represented here)
Market environment, Institutions and Rules.
Fishefolks association
There is one fisherfolks association in each and every coastal barangay (and two additional ones for
Naborot Island in San Dionisio and an island belonging to Tanao barangay in Batad). Most
associations have existed for over 10 years, some of them are almost 20 years old, but very few are
active and functional. Only one association actually includes all the fishermen of the Barangay into
the association (in Agdaliran, San Dionisio), and only two of the fisherfolk associations are offering
any kind of activity (providing a credit system and commercialization of dried fish in Barangay Ban
Ban, Batad Municipality; Offering a social security system in Agadaliran, San Dionisio). According to
key informants, the fisherfoks association creation was promoted by the municipalities, in order to
give access to projects, grant, credit, but have largely been inactive since then. It is not clear why
some fishermen are not part of the associations.
The municipal ordinances define a framework for the sustainable management, conservation and
development of coastal and fisheries resources. It includes the rules, fees and other regulations for
fishery activities (including permit and registration), as well as seaweed , pearl, mussels or oyster
growing, and the preservation of specific areas. This document is available at municipality level.
Permiting and registration requirements: Fishermen are supposed to be registered as well as their
boat and to pay license and fees according to fishing gear, size of their boat and power of the engine,
but some fishermen are not registered3.
Municipal and Barangay fish and aquatic resources management council (BFARMC and MFARMC)
are present at municipal and barangay levels, and in charge together with FARM Office of the
implementation of the municipal ordinance, as well as to formulate propositions for its evolution.
The Deputized Fish Guardians (Bantay dagat) are in charge of the control of the fishing materials (to
make sure material is respecting the norms) as well as ensuring that the laws are respected, in
particular regarding closure period for specific types of fishes (e.g. fishing of tabagak, Hasa-hasa and
other mackerel species is prohibited from November to March, spawning season) and restriction
regarding fishing gears (Sinsoro & Likos) as well as trawling4 in municipal water. According to some
informants, these rules are not fully respected most of all for vessel operating during night time.
Logging restrictions are in place for native woods but some hulls coming from Masbate seems to be
from illegal logging. Risk of illegal logging is low for small and medium size (below 20ft) where local
wood can be used. Normally, permits are required for cutting trees for timber, but following Yolanda
the authorities suspended this requirement.
3
Annual license fees for fishing activity vary from 300 to 2500 php according to the fishing gear, but for the most commonly
seen during the assessment the fees are from 300 to 500 php. The prices for the annual license fees in Batad are 300 php /
motorized boat, 100 php for non-motorized boat and 10 php per fisherlfolk. For commercial fishing, mayor
permit/municipal license cost 5000 for small scale and 10000 for medium scale (prices for resident)
4 Trawling and commercial fishing are not allowed between the shore and 10.1 km distance from the Shore. Due to its
location in a bay and presence of islands, Batad has no municipal water where commercial fishing and trawling are allowed
Traders, vendors and commissioners have to be registered and are paying for business permit and
daily fees in the markets where they are operating.
The Market Chain
Market actors description:
Fishermen owning boats are about 400 to 500 in Batad and 600 to 700 in San Dionisio5. Some
fishermen are also involved in farming labor or carpentry, but fishing is their main source of income.
The main type of fishing practiced by most fisherfolk is "hook and line" (panagat) which is used by
93% of the households in Batad and 64% in San
Percentage of the fishermen
Dionisio. Gill net (palubog) and Crab net (mainly
using each fishing gear
in San Dionisio) are the next most important
types of fishing gear. It's important to highlight Fishing gear
BATAD
San Dionisio
that most of the households are involved in Crab pot (panggal)
7.4%
14.0%
more than one type of fishing using different Crab net (pangasag)
2.0%
28.5%
types of fishing gear. Most of the fishermen Gill net (palubog)
29.6%
36.1%
6
involved in passive gears (e.g. Gill net, crab net, Bubo (fish)
2.3%
30.3%
bubo) and more seasonal fishing gears7, are Bubo (squid)
0.0%
0.2%
also involved in hook and line. The fishermen Bag net (baskal
0.0%
1.2%
owning only a non-motorized boat will be Sinsoro
0.0%
4.9%
involved mainly in hook and line and crab pot. Hook and line (panagat)
93.5%
63.9%
Trawling was significantly present in only 2 Fish and/or squid
barangays (Batad and northern part of San Likos = gill net (kulong
1.1%
3.5%
style)
Dionisio), and Sinsoro commercial fishing in
3.8 %
15.5 %
Trawl
only 2 barangays (San Dionisio). Batad
2.5%
1.4%
Compressor
municipality has no municipal water greater
100,0%
100,0%
than 10.1 km from the coast, meaning no
commercial fishing or trawling is technically allowed in this municipality.
Commercial fishing (sinsoro and Likos) and trawl are the types of fishing requiring more financial
investments, hook and line is the one requiring less investment. Investment for gill net, bubo crab
net and crab pot will depend of the size of the net, the number of cages (bubo) and crab pots, as well
as the fishing area (distance from the coast). (See annex-01 for more information on type of boat,
material required and main types of fishes or crab captured). The investment for fishing material can
go from 500 (200 crab pots, 25 pesos each one) to thousands of Pesos (for Gill net, it is common to
see fishermen with 5 to 7 net set, each one can cost from 2500 4000 pesos)
The wives of fishermen are mainly involved in net repairing but also in fish drying, selling (directly to
consumers) and sometime directly in fishing activity with their husband (about 10 to 20% of
households).
5
the data collected are 443 and 685 respectively, but there are data collected at barangay level, most of the time during
FGD and can't be stated as accurate data.
6 meaning that the boat is static while the fishing material is in the water; the fishermen wil have time to fish with hook and
line, between the moment they'll put the fishing material in the water and the moment they'll take it out
Some fishing gear are not practiced all year around, in Northern barangays of San Dionisio for example,
Crab net, crab pot and fish bubo will be used mainly from September to December.
7
Capitalista: Some people (commonly called capitalista) from coastal or non coastal barangays will
invest in fishery activity, mainly for commercial fishing, but will not be working on the boats. They
will generally be the owners of the boats. Boat operators and helpers will operate the boats and will
receive payment according to agreed sharing system (see below). The Capitalista or boat owner will
generally come to collect the catch and sell it.
Traders, vendor and commissioners are mainly women.
The traders will buy directly from the fishermen (and in few cases from commissioners) and sell to
vendors, wholesalers, commissioners and processing plants. Often the traders come from the
community in which they buy fish, but they are also based in the trading centers (Estancia, San
Dionisio, Concepcion). The traders will also provide loans without interest (see below in services) to
the fishermen and can sometimes support fishermen for supply of ice. For example, traders will go to
a trading center (e.g. Sara) to sell their fish and bring back ice for fishermen when coming back to the
Barangay. They do not own vehicle and have no storage capacity, and generally purchase from 3 to
15 fishermen.
The vendors will buy from the fishermen, from traders or commissioners, and sell directly to the
consumers. They have in general a limited financial capacity. Similar to traders, the vendors buy on a
regular basis from 3 to 15 fishermen.
The commissioners are based mainly in San Dionisio (9), Alinsolong (Batad), Estancia and Concepcion
and will sell their products mainly to traders, vendors and in few cases directly to the consumers. The
commissioners agree with the traders or fishermen on a percentage (7 to 10%) they will keep on the
price the commissioner will be selling the product. the fishermen will get 90 o 93% of the selling
price. The fishermen will trust the commissioner regarding the selling price (they will just agree on a
minimum and leave the product with the commissioner) when traders will stay with the
commissioner until the transaction is done. The commissioners also provide credit without interest
to the fishermen. They usually have access to formal credit as well as informal 5:6 credit systems (See
Section key infrastructure, inputs and market services below). The commissioners do not need
transport (they sit in the same location where they received and sell directly the fish) and usually do
not have storage except for iceboxes. The commissioner will have to be registered and pay fees for
their activity.
A key difference between traders and vendors and the commissioners is that the traders and vendors
will buy from the fishermen at an agreed price and decide the selling price taking in account their
expenses and the market price, whereas the commissioner will take the product, sell it and will take
a percentage (previously agreed with the fishermen or traders) on the selling price.
Processing plants are operating in San Dionisio (1), Siempre Viva (3), Estancia and Concepcion.
They are mainly processing Lobo-Lobo, squid, crab, shrimp and shells. They may buy directly from the
fishermen and traders, but more often they rely on "collectors" from the processing plants present in
few barangays. The Collectors will buy directly from the fishermen within the community. Some
processing plants will only accept products from their collector or traders who are previously
selected according to minimum quality criteria8, they will not accept to receive products directly from
the fishermen. The processing plants visited normally process a minimum of 2 to 3 tons of product
per day, they will employ from 5 to 20 regular employees, plus 20 to 40 contractual employees
according to supply. They will mainly export their product to Taïwan. Fish not accepted by the
processing plants are often sold directly by the fishermen in the local market, and sometimes sold as
bait within the Barangay.
Fish Drying: Only few traders are involved in fish drying, the wives of fishermen mostly to it
themselves before selling it to traders or consumers. When the quantities of fish, shrimps or squid
are not enough to justify a trip to the place where the commissioners or traders are located,
fishermen will prefer to dry their catch and either to sell it locally or to wholesalers when they
gathered enough quantities.
The prices (buying and selling) for the processing are stable all year around. Prices on the market (see
annex-02 for indicative prices for Sara market) for most of the fishes will be around 20% higher in low
season in comparison to peak season. The vendors and traders will in average sell at a price 20php to
40 php higher than the buying price, according to operational costs (transport, storage & ice if
necessary). Some traders acting only as intermediate will add from 5php to 10 php per kg depending
of the product and transport costs.
Price setting: the prices will be set according to the prices on the main markets (Estancia, Sara,
Concepcion). The vendor / traders will deduct their expenses and the expected net benefit to set the
price at which they will buy from the fishermen. In only few cases the fishermen will be the one
deciding the prices he wants to sell, and price will be set after a short negotiation (fishermen
normally sell to only one person, so there is no real competition among buyers to influence the price
setting). The vendor will always try to keep his normal margin, and if the price is too low on the
market for him/her to get his normal benefit, she/he will store and keep the product up to one week,
until the price reaches the expected minimum selling price.
Key infrastructures, inputs, and market support services
Boat builders (see below specific chapter)
The main physical markets for fish trading within the assessed area are San Dionisio Poblacion,
Bagacay (for northern barangays of San Dionisio), Alinsolong and Batad poblacion. These markets
usually handle sales of small and medium-sized quantities of fish; for large quantities they are
usually sold directly to Estancia.
Fish Net suppliers are found in Estancia, Concepcion and Iloilo, not in the assessed municipalities.
Crap pots or cages are made locally, (material purchased from the net suppliers and from local
hardware's in San Dionisio, Sara, Bagacay, or other market centers).
8
For example, quality criteria include squid above 100 g/piece, shrimp above 15g/piece, shell above 2 inches and alive., etc.
Ice retailers were present in almost all the barangays before the typhoon, either from their own
production with freezer (in small plastic bags) or from processing plants through local markets (e.g.
from processing plant in Sara, it is stored in Bagacay market and retailed to the fishermen in the
surrounding areas).
Fuel retailers are usually present within the coastal sitios. Price will go from 60 to 80 php / liter. Fuel
retailers are flexible with fishermen regarding payment and accept to be paid after fishermen sold
their fish.
Boat Engines are purchased mainly in Estancia and Iloilo, even if 2 suppliers are also present in Sara
(retailers from companies based in Iloilo and Estancia) (see indicative prices in annex-03).
Mechanics to repair boat engines are almost not present locally and will be found mainly (not to say
only) in biggest town (Sara, Estancia, Concepcion). Some mechanics are trained for specific brands
and receive a license for repairing engine from this specific brand.
Operators, helpers and sharing system: Some boat owners can own several boats, or for one reason
or another are not going for fishing (age, other activities, etc.), in this case they will hire an operator
or captain for their boat. For some fishing gear (see annex-01) the owner or operator will need 1 to 2
helpers (will need more for commercial fishing). The operators and helpers are often from the same
barangay, some of them are also fishing with a non-motorized boat and do not have the financial
capacity to invest in a motorized one. In some cases the operators and helpers are from the same
family (wife and / or children), however in some locations there are people, mostly single youth, who
come from inland Barangays to work as helpers on the boats. The helpers (they are considered in the
barangays as fishermen, even if they don't have their own boat) are about 400 in Batad and probably
more than 500 in San Dionisio. The specific types of relationships between boat owners sharing
equipment with operators and helpers will differ depending on the type of fishing gear used, and
appears to be different in each Barangay.
In few places, the helper will get 10php / kg of fish captures, or, if trawling the helpers will keep the
fish and get a percentage on the net profit for shrimps (the owner will sell the shrimps, deduct the
expenses and give 50% to the helpers and operator. The operator will get an additional bonus if the
quantity captured was high). Most of the time (for non commercial fishing), the owner will keep from
40 to 50% of the net profit for him and the remaining part will be divided among the helpers and
operators. The operator usually gets around 10% of the net benefit, additional to his percentage on
the helpers' part.
Credit is available from different sources:
 5:6 or Bombay: These are money lenders who will normally provide loans for 30 to 40 days
maximum, up to 5000php and will charge 20% interest (this is called 5:6 because for every 5
pesos borrowed, fishermen must pay back 6). For specific customers and larger amounts
borrowed, they can extend the period up to 2 months (10% interest per month). The person
giving these credits are coming directly in the communities to provide the loans (fishermen
do not know where they are from), and come on a daily basis to collect payments. This type
of credit exists in 60 to 70% of the barangays.



Commissioners and traders are also giving credit (2 to 3000php) to the fishermen they buy
the fish from. They are not charging any interest but by providing this service they make sure
that the fisherman will not sell his fish to other person than him/her.
Ice and fuel retailers will also provide loan to the fishermen, but for only few days maximum
(with no-interest).
Fishermen from San Dionisio and Batad can have access to microcredit from formal financial
institution (TayTay, C.E.V, Dungganon, Card Bank, Life bank, etc.) in Sara and Balasan
respectively. Formal credit is also accessible from financial service providers in Estancia, and
this is accessible to both Batad and San Dionisio. According to information collected in Sara,
more than 1000 person from San Dionisio are members of a financial institution.9 The
financial institution are also providing insurance (mainly loan, life and health insurance) as
well as saving system. (see annex-04 for more information on modalities for access to loan
and repayment)
Impact of the Typhoon on the fishery livelihood system








9
90 to 95% of the fishermen are not fishing anymore because of damage to their boats.
Helpers and operators are not able to access to their normal income anymore
About 90% (average, range from 70 to 100%) of the boats were totally damaged (totally
destroyed or only hull remaining) In San Dionisio, 655 fisherfolks were affected, for a total 638
motorized boats and 176 non motorized boats totally damaged. In Batad, 396 fisherfolks were
affected with a total of 291 motorized and 184 non motorized boats damaged10.
Because few fishermen are able to go out on the water, there is very low volumes of fish (less
than 10% of normal times) currently available for vendors and local trader, as well as
commissioner and wholesaler to buy/sell.
Some commissioners are selling directly to the consumers and not selling anymore to vendors
and traders
At the time of the assessment, Commissioners and traders were buying from Estancia (because
local fish from San Dionisio and Batad are not available), resulting in increase of prices for fish
and seafood on the local market.
Processing plant were inactive during 2 to 3 weeks due to damages in their infrastructure. They
have today higher cost than usual for functioning due to lack of electricity and use of generator.
The processing plant are working with less than 10% of their normal volumes of fish to process
and trying to source fish from other areas. Their buying price is the same as before the typhoon.
Only regular staff are working.
Fishermen have pending credit (from both MFIs , and informal 5:6/Bombays), and are not
allowed to access to additional credit while they still have outstanding debt. Microfinance
institutions gave a one month period suspension (moratorium) for reimbursement, and most of
the MFIs are not planning to force their member to pay until January. Possible specific action for
affected fishermen / traders will be proposed by financial institution (see recommendations part
about monitoring).
it was not possible to know how many of them are fishermen but this information is available at center / cluster level.
10
Source: municipalities of Sand Dionisio and Batad, Department of agriculture




The Bombays have not come anymore to the barangays since the typhoon and as a result, this
source of credit is almost not available anymore for the population.
the demand for boat builders and building material is still not very high, as people do not have
money to invest in new boats, material and labor. There are competing priorities at household
level for scarce financial resources between needs to repair shelters, needs to restore livelihood
activities, and resources to meet basic needs (eg food, healthcare, etc.)
The cost for ice is higher than before the typhoon. Production was stopped locally because of
power outage and damaged to freezers in some cases, but ice is available from processing plants
in urban centers.
The coping mechanisms developed by the fishermen include shell collection, gathering and
selling scrap metal, labor work (in farming activities mainly), and charcoal making (from trees
fallen during the typhoon). There has been a visible increase in number of households engaged
in charcoal making from the start of the assessment. Coping mechanisms are almost only
allowing to cover basic needs, not investment in livelihoods recovery
3. Boat building market chain
Because boat repairs and construction was identified as a major input to the fishing market
system, the assessment team further analysed the boat building market chain.
Market Chain
Manila and Cebu
Wholesaler
(nails, plywood,
epoxy, paint, GI
pipe, carpeted sheet
...) Wholesaler from
Manila and Cebu,
Wood for Hull
(locally for less than
20 ft boat)
Iloilo
Wholesaler
(nails, plywood,
epoxy, paint, GI
pipe, carpeted
sheet ...)
Municipality level
retailers, Sara,
Estancia and Iloilo
retailers (nails,
plywood, epoxy,
paint, GI pipe,
carpeted sheet ...)
Boat owner
Boat owner
Local Boat
builder
Boat operator and
helpers
Lumber
(Locally made)
Main market actors:
The material retailers:
The retailers (hardware store) where boat owners from the assessed area are getting their material
from are located in San Dionisio (2), Estancia and IIoilo City mainly, and also in Bagacay market and
Sara. The retailers are getting their material from Iloilo City (except for Estancia retailers, who got it
directly from Manila11). Wholesaler from Iloilo will get it mainly from Manila, but can be also from
Cebu.
The retailers interviewed in San Dionisio Poblacion12 (2 hardware stores) had very few stocks due to
shortage in Iloilo, most of all for Marine plywood 1/4 inch (10 to 20 pieces) which is the most
commonly used for small and medium size boats, and for copper nails. They mentioned that only one
brand was available during the past months for plywood (the Sandra Clara brand, more expensive
and better quality according to fishermen and suppliers was almost not available before the
Typhoon, it was not available anymore at the time the assessment was conducted). Stainless nails
were available for boat construction. Both hardware stores had good storage capacity and can
provide high quantities, however with financial constraints if they have to supply more than one
hundred of plywood at once. The lead time for the retailers is about 2 days. They have no access to
credit. Prices for material did not change in the past weeks or months and appear to be stable.
The boat builders
Boat builders are present in almost each and every barangay (see annex-05) for figure and ratio
number of boat builders / boat owners per barangay). The boat builder will not buy the material for
construction, it will be the responsibility of the person ordering the boat. In some cases, the boat
builder will go with the buyer to choose and/or cut the tree(s) that will be used for the hull and/or
lumber.
The construction will normally done in the future boat owner place but it can also be done in other
place, including boat builders houses.
The boat builder are using mainly manual tools (chisel, hammer, saw, planer, etc.), and some of
them are using as well electric machines (planer, circular and drilling machine), but very few of them
mentioned it. The ones using electric machines are mainly the person also involved in carpentry and
in commercial boat construction (for the boat makers involved in small and medium size boat
building, the investment is not really justified, except if they are the ones preparing the lumbers).
Chainsaw can be used in cutting and preparing the hull, as well as lumber for the boat ribs, gunwales
and other pieces.
License is required only for the construction of commercialized boat (only 2 boat builders have it in
San Dionisio). Some boat builders would prefer to work during the dry season because the wood dry
easier, but the boats can be made all year around.
Material & time required for boat construction
Size of the
Time required
Cost for labor only, in PHP
boat (feet)
(including hull
preparation)
10 to 12
3 to 4 days
1500
(one person)
16 to 18
10 to 15 days
2500 to 5000
24
15 to 30 days
7000 to 10000
11
Total cost (without engine), in
PHP
3000 to 5000
15000 to 20000
30000
Panay Island Markets assessment for Boat Building Inputs, Save the Children, 29 November 2013
Retailers in Sara were not interviewed as only few fishermen mention it. Information from above mentioned document
was available for Iloilo and Estancia.
12
(see annex-06 for quantity of material required for 10ft and 18ft size boats)
The differences observed in the prices are mainly due to the difference for the labor from one place
to another (Batad in average more expensive than San Dionisio), and to the price of the hull
(depending of quality and provenance). The assessment team observed significant differences from
one boat builder to another regarding the quantities of materials used (most of all for lumbers).
The type of wood mainly used for small and medium size boats are Gemelina, Tipolo, Manganlaw,
Santol, Talisay, Nawaal and even fruit tree wood, such as Jackfruit tree or Mango tree. These woods
are all available locally, within or in neighboring barangay, for less than 20 feet boat length. In only
very few barangay the fishermen said that it may difficult to find wood for hull locally. Many
communities proposed that organizations provide the material and their "counterpart" hull to
support boat construction.
For longer boats or better quality woods, some boat buyers will get it from Masbate, Mindoro,
Banatyan and Sibuyan. In this case the hull will be purchased already prepared (curved). There are
reports of illegal logging for boat hulls from these areas, which will have to be considered when
supporting boat building.
Effect of Typhoon on the market
Prices remained stable for material in the market, and due to the number of trees fallen, price for
hull and lumber could even decrease in comparison with two months ago. Many fishermen lost
totally their boats but some of them were able to recover the hull.
Until the first week of December, there was a low availability of copper nails and marine plywood,
but the situation came back to normal already.
The demand in the local hardware was less in volume now than before the Typhoon, most of the
fishermen lost their source of income, have no access to credit for the moment and, and other
priority needs to cover before being able to buy material for boat construction. As a result, the
demand for boat construction is still not very high and most of the fishermen have not capital to
invest at the moment. However, the skilled boat builders are few in comparison to the number of
boats that would need to be made during the coming weeks and months to restart the fishery
activity.
4. Summary of Key findings
Key findings for fishing livelihood and market systems overall :
 Most of the fishermen also sustained major damage to their houses and have very limited
financial capacity to cover all their current needs, including house repairs, replacing
livelihood assets, and meeting consumption needs (food, etc.)
 Only 5 to 10% maximum of the fishermen were able to restart their activity so far. Very few
helpers to the fishermen have been able to benefit from this yet. The helpers are now
engaged is the same coping mechanism as the fishermen


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

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


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From 1 to 3 families will rely directly on one boat (18 feet boat generally has one operator
and up to 2 helpers) for fishing activity related incomes
Women are involved in net repairing, fish drying (can be done by the men as well), marketing
fish either directly to consumers or as small traders, and in some cases in fishing (most of all
when releasing the net and hook and line fishing)
Fisherfolk associations are present in each and every coastal barangay but are not very active
(only 2 out of 17 associations have a real activity).
Fishermen have to be registered as well as their boat and to pay license and fees according
to the size of their boat and engine, and the fishing gear they use. Some of them (if not the
majority) are not registered.
Municipalities restrict use of specific fishing methods (trawl and commercial fishing within
the municipal water below 10.1 Km distance from the coast) as well as closed period for
specific type of fishes, yet these rules are not always respected.
Access to credit by fisherfolk is limited. People having outstanding balance in formal financial
institution are not allowed to access to credit anymore. Informal creditors ("bombay" or
"5:6") did not appear in the community since the typhoon affected the area. Also, the small
traders who provide input such as fuel and ice to fishermen have experienced a loss of
capital and sharply decreased business since the Typhoon.
At least 5 financial institutions were accessible for the fishermen before the typhoon, but
very few of them were applying for it. For those that have, some financial institution are
considering options for restructuring or forgiving loans of fisherfolk, but it is still under study
at management office level.
The access to credit in financial institution is limited for new members to 5000 to 7000 php
Inputs such as ice or fuel are available even if local level ice production is not active anymore
due to power cut. Ice will come from ice factories, and will be store in place were power is
available and then retailed in the barangays.
Fish traders and vendors have very limited (10% of the normal volume) or no activity at all as
a result of the decrease in fishing because fishermen have not been able to go back on the
water.
Traders, vendors and commissioners are providing loan to the fishermen without interest.
These are mutual-interest loans, meaning that that by providing the credit (either in cash or
in material) the traders make sure they will have priority in buying the fisherfolk’s fish. In
general, the small traders and the fishermen are co-dependent on each other for successful
livelihoods..
Traders from the affected barangays lost their capital and will not be able to provide the
services, especially credit services, they were providing to the fishermen (loan, ice supply,
etc.) and may lose their customers (person to whom they buy their fish). As a result, the
traders may also lose their relationships with fishermen, who may sell more to
commissioners if the traders cannot offer in-kind credit.
Commissioners are for some of them (in San Dionisio) getting fish from outside (e.g. Estancia)
to retail it locally and not selling to local vendor anymore. Prices of fish globally increased.
Support for households to meet their basic and immediate needs is being provided by
governmental and non governmental agencies throughout the areas targeted for this
assessment. However, support for livelihoods was mentioned as the first priority by

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beneficiary focus groups, before shelter ("if we are able to fish, we'll be able to generate
income to reconstruct our houses").
The main coping mechanisms are charcoal burning, shell collection, collecting and selling
scrap metal, labor work (in farming activities mainly). These coping strategies are almost only
allowing to cover basic needs, not investment in recovery.
Strategies for recovery include seeking for credit and support for governmental and nongovernmental agencies, labor work (not identified yet out of farming activities and carpentry)
and migration for men or women (only one family member would leave) to urban areas
including Manila until getting enough capital to restart fishery activity.
The main support required to restart fishery activity is access to boat and engine. Fishermen
think that as soon as they have access to boat and engine, they will be able to access fishing
material (for those who lost it).
As soon as the fishermen will restart their fishing activity, the all livelihoods activities related
to fishery will be able to restart normally.
Additional support may be required for traders to be able to keep working with the
fishermen they were dealing with before the typhoon. Trader livelihoods have also been
significantly impacted by the typhoon.
Processing plants have also very limited activity but do not need specific support to be able
to restart their activity, their main constraint today is access to fish, shells and crabs to be
processed, which can be remedied by supporting directly fisherfolk.
Key findings for boat building market systems (materials and labor)
 The main support required to restart fishery activity is access to boat and engine. fishermen
think that as soon as they have access to boat and engine, they will have access to fishing
material (for those who lost it)
 As soon as the fishermen will restart their fishing activity, they feel that all the fishing-related
livelihoods activities related to fishing (traders, fish drying, fish selling, etc.) will be able to
restart normally.
 Capacity of local boat builders (in term of volume of boats able to be built by the current
number of builders) is the main bottleneck for boat construction in the target area/
 Availability of boat construction material in places were fishermen used to buy it (Iloilo and
Estancia) is not a major constraint and market should be able to respond to an increase
demand with a minimum of support (advanced payment for smallest hardware may be
considered)
 The most commonly used boats and engine are 16 to 18 feet long for boat and 6.5 to 7.5 HP
for engine, and they offer to the fishermen the possibility to use whichever type of fishing
gear they prefer or practice in their areas. Also, limiting assistance to boats between 16 to 18
feet appears to reduce the risk of supporting illegal logging for boat hulls as wood for these
sized hulls comes mostly from local trees.
 Some engines (estimated to 20 to 30% in average) were recovered after the typoon, but will
need to be repaired or can't be used anymore (for spare parts only)
 Fisherfolk have to be registered as well as their boat and to pay license and fees according to
fishing gear, size of their boat and of the engine, some, if not most of them are not registered
5. Recommendations and Conclusions
Summary of Main Recommendations
1. Support households to repair or rebuild 16 to 18ft boats and to access to 6.5 to 7.5 HP
engine. Additional grant for fishing material and inputs may be needed;
2. Support boat builders market system to reduce bottlenecks to reconstructing boats;
3. Support local fish traders and vendors for access to capital to restart their activity and
preserve this important livelihood and function in the market chain;
4. Programmatic targeting is more appropriate at the barangay rather than household level, as
some coastal barangays are less affected, and there are not major differences in the impact
of the storm on households within the same barangay. The difference in impact on
households between the wealth groups within a barangay are not as much as it was before
the typhoon;
5. Monitor financial institution decisions for support to fishermen;
6. Monitoring material, engine and spare parts prices and availability when taking the final
decision for program design.
1. Support to fishermen (former boat owners, who’s boats were damaged/destroyed)
Support is mainly required for boat construction materials, hull, engine and labor for construction.
There is a wide variety of boats and fishing material used in the assessed area, according to the type
of fishing fishing equipment used and to the economic capacity of the households. Households can
also be using the same fishing method but with different type of boat, engine and material (number
of crab pot, cages for bubo or sizes of net) and number of helpers according to their financial
capacities.
Considering the substantially higher cost for potential interventions and the risk of increasing
pressure on natural resources, it is not recommended to provide assistance for rebuilding of the
largest size boats. Even though these boats provide income opportunities for workers, greater
benefit might be achievable by focusing on smaller (16 to 18ft) boats which also employ helpers
(albeit fewer) and rely on locally available building materials. The smaller size boats (10 to 12 ft, non
motorized) are not really used (very few cases) for fishery income oriented activity, they are mainly
used for fishing for household consumption, and as a complementary income for helpers and
households involved in labor work (farming mainly) or coconut trees farming for example. However,
the households owning only small non-motorized boats are among the poorest households and a
specific support could be consider for them even if fishing is not their main source of income. They
may have also been affected in their other sources of income (particularly coconut plantation labour,
or other labour opportunitites now facing more competition from out of work fishermen) and as
such are now relying on subsistence fishing, using small boats, to meet household food needs.
The boats used by most of the households for household level fishing is from to 16 to 18 ft long and
can be used for most of the fishing gear (excluding commercial fishing and the types of fishing
practices prohibited in municipal water such as trawl). These boats can be used with a 6.5 to 7.5 HP
engine and required up to 2 helpers (on top of the boat operator or owner). Supporting the access to
this type of boat will not only benefit to the person accessing to the boat but also to households
(most of the time from the same baranagay) involved in fishery activities but having no motorized
boat (helpers or workers).
There are several option in term of type of intervention to support the fishermen for boat
construction.
Option 1
 Value voucher for construction material;
 Cash grant for labor, engine, hull and possibly fishing materials and/or inputs
Option 2
 Value voucher for construction material;
 Engine distribution or value voucher;
 Cash grant for labor, hull and possibly fishing materials
Option 3
 Cash grant for construction material, engine, labor, hull and possibly fishing materials and /
or inputs
It is important to mention that within the households targeted for assistance, it is recommended to
include also the boat owners (who are not fishermen) with limited financial capacity who have lost
their boats, if they are from the same barangay targeted. Some boat owners are not fishermen
anymore but are giving their boat to an operator from the same barangay, meaning several different
households may rely on this boat for income.
Factors to consider for decision making: (see also comparative table annex 07)
 The scale of the intervention
In case of intervention of medium or large scale intervention (more than 1000 households),
the supply of material and plywood may become an issue. It's important to highlight that the
lead time (time for restocking) is about 3 to 4 weeks (at Iloilo and Estancia Level, for retailers
in Sara or San Dionisio, it is about 2 days, but their suppliers are from Iloilo and Estancia) and
be a major constraints in case of shortage of plywood and/ or engines.
o A update of the availability of plywood should be conducted in Iloilo and Estancia
prior to any value voucher or cash grant program for construction material.
o Specific support to suppliers and preparation (review of stock, anticipation of
coming demand, etc.) should be considered in case of large scale intervention.
 Preferences for engines at community level
For accessing engines, there are several possible programming modalities which could be
used depending on circumstances:
o Value Vouchers: The engine suppliers are mostly specialized shops and are not
offering any other items required for fishery activity rehabilitation, which limits the
usefulness of value vouchers to support traders to access engines13. The only benefit
for a value voucher (as opposed to a commodity voucher) for engines would be that
fishermen could add their own funds or funds from a cash grant for boat
value voucher is suppose to offer flexibility in the selection of items, but in this case, it would be to access to only one item and the
differences in prices between one brand or another is high, then it is difficult for the fishermen to pay for the difference (In Sara, for
the 6.5 HP, there are only three brands available, the cheaper cost 3800php and the most expensive 10500php).
13
o
o
o
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reconstruction in order to get a better quality or more powerful engine. However, in
Sara's market, the price of the medium quality 7HP engine is 5000php, the second
option is 10500php. The substantial difference between engine types suggests that
that the fishermen will likely not be able to pay for the difference. Also, they are
accustomed to using the medium quality one for the majority of fishers. Further
information should be collected at Estancia and Iloilo level to see if there are more
options (hardware selling also engine and more options for engine) and to assess the
current availability of engines (if they are coming from Manila and Cebu, lead time
may be several weeks).
Procurement and Distribution of engines: For the distribution, it will be necessary to
evaluate the preference for one type of engine or another at community level
(agreement at community level for one type of engine). It is possible to include in the
contract with the suppliers delivery at barangay level by the supplier and buying high
number of the same engine will probably be cheaper than a voucher program. The
brand Loncin was mentioned as the one the fishermen use to buy before the
cyclone.
Cash Grants: Cash grant offer more flexibility for the fishermen to buy the engine she
needs and prefer more, and it will allow him to buy the same engine than the one he
may have recovered, and use the old one for spare parts.
It is then recommended to consult the fishermen at barangay level as well as study
the local availability of spare parts before taking the final decision regarding the
modality.
Security and risk for misuse of cash
There are fears (as usual in countries where cash grant is not a common practice) regarding
misuse of money as the amount needed for boat reconstruction (roughly 20,000 to 25,000)
will be quiet important and fishermen are more used to buy boat based on credit and have
little experiencing that amount of money. They may use part of it for credit reimbursement,
even if it would be probably a very small amount (rate use to be about 300 php / month). As
the need for livelihood recovery is high and a priority for the fishermen, there is likely a
relatively low level of risk that any livelihood-focused cash grant is diverted to other
purposes, however it could be assessed before taking the final decision. Security for people
receiving the money still need to be assessed in order to be able to take the preventive
measures and decide on the most appropriate modality.
2. Support to boat builder market:
The usual market of boat building in the assessed Barangay is not very important in term of volumes,
because there has never before been such an enormous need for boats all at one time. The boats are
mainly made locally but the demand is usually quite low, most of the boat builder interviewed did
not construct more than one boat in the past 3 months. In average the boat builders can build a
maximum of 2 boats per month for 16 to 18 feet boats (is they also have to prepare the hull,
otherwise their capacity would be higher), and 5 to 7 boats of the 10 to 12 feet category. In some of
the Barangays there is not any boat builders, and in other there is only 1 for 70 to 100 fishermen (see
annex-05).
If we assume that 9 of each 10 former boat owners (90%) will build a new boat, in average, each boat
builder will have to built 15 boats in San Dionisio and 17 in Batad, it would take about 7 to 8 months
respectively.
It is also important to take in account that:
 at least two of them (San Dionisio) have a license and may then be involved in the
construction of commercial boat (e.g. Sensoro),
 some of boat makers have less capacity (elder ones especially, reporting that they'll not be
able to be involved full time in their activity for a long period) and other may be involved in
boat construction for "capitalista", boat restoration or carpentry or even house building.
 boat builder are very careful with their reputation and then with the quality of the boat
(many of them said that if one of your boat sinks, you'll never get order anymore), then they
don't want to take more than one to 2 helpers, meaning that there is a limited expandability
of the capacity to produce boats with local builders
 many boat builders mention that their limitation to build high quantity of boats is also
physically exigent and they would not accept ordered higher than 4 to 6 boats maximum.
2 types of support could be considered for the boat builders:
 Value voucher for toolkit in order to access to tools lost during the Typhoon for boat builder,
and to make tools available for potential helpers, especially carpenters, who could contribute
to increase the boat building market capacity. The persons receiving the tool kit will have to
commit themselves for the construction of boats locally.
 Contact between boat builders from Typhoon non-affected areas (e.g. Iloilo), barangay's
fishermen and authorities to invite boat builders to come to support the boat building
process. The barangays captain customarily arranges accommodation for visitor and he could
be given the responsibility for accommodation and food in the barangay.
 Speeding up the boat building process is necessary, and both of these options address key
gaps or constraints in the current market systems.
 Other considerations: The boat builders are mainly using hand tools due to the lack of
electricity, however the added value of providing generators and power tools appears to be
quite low in comparison to the investment and constraints. It seems that most builders used
hand tools previously, and provision of generators for power tools in communities without
electricity since before Yolanda, will create tensions within the communities.
 Chainsaws, which are used to cut trees into hull and lumber, could be considered as an
option for support. However, there are strict permitting regulations around the ownership,
and use of chainsaws, and only a small number of people in Iloilo are licensed to use a
chainsaw machine.
3. Support to local traders and vendors for access to capital to restart their activity
Most of the local14 traders and vendors were also affected by the typhoon regarding their house,
material and/or capital. Since the fishing activity is almost inexistent in most of the barangays, they
are also not getting income anymore from their normal activity and may require support to restart
14
from the same coastal barangays
their activity. They could be able to restart their activity if fishermen accept to be paid after the
product is totally sold, but they will not be able anymore to provide the services they used to provide
to the fishermen (loan in money , ice, fuel, etc.). Some of them lost their ice box, basin, or other basic
but essential tools, and will need to invest in the minimum material required for their activity.
The support to traders and vendors may not be the priority intervention, but it may be necessary to
ensure that the normal fish commercialization channels are re-established, and that they can keep
providing the services they used to provide to the fishermen. Without support to the small traders,
there is a possibility that new actors may enter the coastal barangays to offer loans to fishermen in
exchange for exorbitant interest, high repayment, exclusivity of sales at buyer-determined prices, or
other predatory lending practices.
The modality could be a grant, as loan is not really totally justified (for household highly affected in
their activity and limited resources) and it would be difficult to manage within a short term
rehabilitation project. Commissioners should not be included, as they have easier access to credit
and do not need to invest, they just keep a percentage of the total value of the fish received and
sold.
4. Selection at barangay rather than household level
Taking in account the level of damage on the fishery activity (70 to 100%), it is recommended to
target all the affected fishermen (boat totally destroyed or only hull only remaining intact) within a
targeted barangay, rather than specific fishermen within the barangay (e.g. fishermen owning
previously boat less that 16ft long or only practices "hook and line" fishing) assuming that the others
may have access to credit or higher financial capacity. The differences between the wealth groups
within a barangay are not as much as it was before the typhoon, and very few fishermen will have
access to formal credit. Additionally, a selection of specific households within the affected fishermen
would create tension within the community and as the most vulnerable fishermen are not be the one
providing more income opportunities to the helpers and operators, the impact would finally lower
than with wider targeting criteria's.
5. Monitoring of financial institution decision for support to fishermen
Financial institutions where fishermen use to get credit from are currently discussing possible
support to fishermen (and other affected livelihoods, such as small traders and farmers among
others) and they will take a decision before the end of the year (December 11th for Taytay ). These
supports may include:
 Access to 15,000 to 25000 php loans for fishermen, including for fishermen having
outstanding balance but would be restricted to members.
 Easier and quicker process to access to loan
 Loans with low interest
6. Monitoring of material, engine and spare parts prices and availability when taking the
final decision for program design
The market for boat building material may still not be fully recovered (limited stocks, longer delays
for restocking due to priorities given by the government in term of relief or other needs, etc.) and
there are isolated interventions from foundation and/or governmental or non governmental
agencies that may impact on the market, as well as high demand for construction material (marine
plywood is sometime used for houses or furniture. Taking in account the already important lead time
before the typhoon, it is recommended to monitor Iloilo's and Estancia's market at the time of taking
the decision in term of modalities for boat construction15.
For engine, as it is previously mentioned, a quick assessment of the suppliers in Iloilo and Estancia is
required as well as the market of spare parts for the specific brands, and availability of competent
mechanics (mechanics receive certification for specific brands).
An update may be required at the time of taking the final decision.
15
Due to time and resources constraints, the assessment team did not cover the market out of the assessed area
6. ANNEXES
ANNEX-01
Fishing gear
Crab
(pangaal)
Crab
(pangasag :
net specific
crab)
Gill
(palubog)
Type of fish and
seafood usually
captured
pot Crab (red & blue)
Main Fishing
Months
Type of boat
used (size) /
crew / engine
All year around 16 to 30 ft
(peak season May to 1-2 persons
November)
7 to 16HP
net Crab
gill
for
May to October
16 to 30 ft
2-3 persons
7 to 16 HP
Other materials
required
Bamboo and plastic
baskets
1 to 10 net set / boat
(200 to 500 meters /
set)
net Lawayan*, Agumaa*, November to March 16 to 30 ft
Lagaw, Latab*, Asn- for Lawayan, and 1-2 persons
os;
lambiyaw, Latab
dalinnan, tabilos
Bubo (fish)
Bubo (squid)
Bag net (baskal)
Sensoro
(Danish seining)
Commmercial
fishing
Net N°8 & 7.5 (hasa,
Lambiyaw, Agumaa,
Lagaw,
Dalinnan,
Tabilos N°6 & 5.5
Latab, Lawayan, Bugaong
Ubusan
lapu-lapu,
16 to 30 ft
Bamboo frame, net
abatan
7.5 to 16 to 20 size 8
HP
1-2 persons
Squid
16 to 30 ft
Bamboo Frame net
7.5 to 16 to 20 size 8
HP
1-2 persons
Mainly
Squid
+ All year around, only 30 ft
Innet
Dalinn-an, Hasa-Hasa by night
16HP
Light usin generator
3 persons
set,
petrol
lamp,
battery operator
Lobo-lobo
processing)
Dilis
(for All year around
Do
not
exist
annymore, illegal
Hook and line Lagaw,
Asn_nos, All year around
(panagat)
upo-san, tanigue
Above 30 ft 10- Net= Innet
15 operator
(black screen)
Engine Kubota
4DR5
screen
Hulbot -hulbot
Compressor
Shells, medium to
big size / fish for
Aquarium
Likos = gill net Tuloy,
May-Oct
(kulong style)
tanban,
(closed season for
Commercial
tabagak
mackerel
family
fishing
form Nov to March;
10-15 feet
6-7.5
hp
/
paddle
Operator: 1-2
persons
Small compressor
Above 30 ft
12-13 size nylon net
4DR5
Kubota Fish finder (saunar)
engine
7-8
persons
spawning season)
operating
Trawl
Shrimp, crab, pusit All year around
(bottom dweller fish)
20 ft
4DR5
above, Net, rope,
Siklob
Hasa-hasa,Bagud
long, bulaw
30 ft
16HP
3 persons
Nylon net size 13 _
light operated
ANNEX-02
Indicative prices (differences are observed from one place to another):
Type of Fish
Price paid to Price sold Off season
fishermen
to
(Off- Season) consumer
(Sara)
Lawayan
Price paid to Price sold Peak Season
the fishermen to
consumer
(Sara)
(Peak
Season)
100
140
Sept - Dec
120
160
Feb - May
Latab
60
100
Sept - Dec
80
120
June-aug
Asuito
90
140
Sept - Dec
120
160
June-aug
Lagan
100
140
Sept - Dec
120
160
June-aug
Pusit
110
140
120
160
Crab
120
160
120
160
Tabagak
40
100
40
80
Jan - august
Diris
50
100
50
100
Jan - august
June july
ANNEX-03
Prices (php) of new engine in Sara:
Brand / Power
Hakata
6.5 HP
7.0 HP
10 HP
12 HP
16 HP
3800
11000
12000 (diesel)
Loncin
Briggs
4500
5000
11000
12000 (diesel)
10500
25000
30000 (diesel)
Karera
Takte
5000
12500
13000 (diesel)
11000 (diesel)
12000 (diesel)
ANNEX-04
All the microfinance institutions are following almost the same process to integrate new members:
1. the applicant will send his application for a loan
2. the applicant needs to provide Barangay clearance (attests that he's resident in the barangay
and has not pending cases)
3. the institution will do a social investigation (come to check assets; livelihoods activity,
interview neighbors...)
4. orientation will be provided to the applicant on loan, saving services, insurance...
5. the applicant will be interviewed by a GRT (Group Recognition Test)
6. the applicant get the loan.
For most of the institution, the members will have to be part of a group (also called cluster or center)
of members from the same or neighboring barangay.
The main objectives of the group are to facilitate the reimbursement's collection, to receive training
and in some cases to do bible reading and sharing.
Microfinance institutions sometimes provide also insurance together with the loan. The different
types of insurance include loan insurance, calamity insurance (for house only), life insurance,
scholarship insurance, etc.
The members are not allowed to have more than one loan at one time.
For the first loan (also called first cycle), the maximum amount is from 5000 to 7000 and it will
increase for the second cycle, and for each following cycle from 2000 to 5000 php per cycle,
according to the institution. The usual period is 5 to 6 months.
Only one institution has a different way of working (Card Bank), and is working with individuals.
The institutions state an interest rate around 2 to 3% per month but the effective rates reach 35 to
45% for 6 months.
ANNEX-05: Fishermen, Boats and boatbuilders builders per Barangay assessed
Nb of
Fishermen
without boat
(operator and
regular helpers)
Nb of
fishermen
owning at
least one
fishing boat
Nb of
boat
builders
Ratio nb of
boat owner
/ boat
builder
BINO-AN
22
44
5
9
Local & from Masbate
BANBAN
31
23
4
6
TANAO
197
103
1
103
Mindoro, Sibuyan, Masbate,
Local(small)
Banatyan
&
Masbate,
Local (small)
SALONG
19
8
3
3
Local: Gemelina, Tipolo
ALINSOLONG
81
169
10
17
Local: Gemelina
EMBARCADERO
20
90
5
18
Local: Gemelina, Santol, Talisay,
Masbate: Lawaan, Tipolo
Total Batad
370
480
28
17
ODIONGAN
44
70
1
70
No data: respondent does not
know
BAGACAY
BORONGON
AGDALIRAN
X
75
x
39
94
170
0
8
20
12
9
No data
NABOROT
X
40
2
20
SUA
100
104
7
15
Local:
Tipolo,
Maganlaw
TIABAS
NIPA
60
X
90
43
3
0
30
-
Local: Gemelina, Tipolo
SIEMPRE VIVA
X
78
1
78
Masbate:
Lawaan,
Local: Gemelina
Total
Dionisio
X
607
41
15
MuniciBARANGAY
pality
Batad
San
Dionisio
San
Source of wood for hull
Local
local: Gemelina, Santol
Local:
Gemelina
Masbate:
Santol,
Tipolo,
Lawaan
Gemelina,
Local
Tipolo
ANNEX-06: Boat Building Materials
(Note: quantities and size for lumbers change
from one boat builder to another)
TYPES OF MATERIALS
Unit
SIZE OF BOAT
10 FT
18 FT
Plywood (1/4 inch, 4x8ft)
pc
1,5
6
Nails 1 inch
kg
1
3
Nails 2 inches
kg
0,25
3
Epoxy
Quart
0,5
1
Paint (enamel white)
Gallon
1
2
Lumber 1x1/2x14
pc
2
0
Lumber 1x2x10
pc
8
10
0
4
Lumber 2x3x14
Stainless shafting #8
pc
0
1
Propeller 5/8
pc
0
1
0
1 schedule 40
pc
0
1
pc
0
2
pc
0
3
Nylon # 15
kg
0
1
Hull (Gemalina)
1 pc
php 500.00
php 1500 to 2500
GI pipe
Timon 6x8
Stainless for Engine
Volt (#1/2x 4)
Stainless for Engine
Volt (#3/8 x3)
TYPES OF MATERIALS
Price San Dionisio
Unit
Plywood (1/' inch, 4x8ft) / marine
370
piece
Nails 1 inch
620
kg
Nails 2 inches
Epoxy
Paint (enamel white)
620
120
560
kg
Quart
Gallon
Lumber 1x1x12
60
pc
Lumber 2x2x12
108
pc
ANNEX-07: Response Options Matrix
RESPONSE
1. Fisherman &
Boat owners
-Value
Voucher
For:
boat
construction
material,
fishing
materials
-Value
voucher
engine
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
-Flexibility on
choosing
materials
particularly
quality specs
& quantity
-We
can
that
for ensure
they will have
access to an
engine that is
set standard
Direct
Distribution
(Engine)
-ensure that
fishermen will
have access to
an engine that
is set standard
-negotiated
price can be
lower
than
market price
and
include
delivery in site
RISK &
ASSUMPTIONS
SUPPORT
REQUIRED
FOR MARKET
INDICATORS &
FACTORS TO
MONITOR
-Purchased
-Supply
of
materials are not materials might not
all
for
the be enough
purpose
-Price
might
increase because of
high demand,
-Increased
capital
of
hardware’s to
meet the high
demand
-Price stability
- Availability of
materials
-Materials for
sale
passed
standards
-Limited flexibility
for fisherman to
choose
the
preferred engine
-Supplier of spare
parts are accessible
-Price of spare
parts is affordable
-Agreement with
community on the
targeted
engine
(Quality,
Brand,
Specs)
-prices of engine
remain stable
-Increased
capital
of
hardware’s to
meet the high
demand
-Ensured that
budget
is
within
price
range
of
certain
engines with
high quality
-ensure that
there
are
enough
supplies
distributing
parts
-Availability of
engine
-availability
and prices of
spare parts for
each brand
-the time for
delivery
of
engines
-check
mechanics
with list of
certifiers
(TESDA,
BRSIGS, etc.)
-Possible
delivery
arrangements
Absence
of
flexibility
for
access
to
preferred engine
Agreement
with
community of the
commodities
(Quality
,Brand,
Specs)
-Price
-time
for
delivery
-availability of
preferred
engine
-Spare parts
and mechanics
are available
for
the
selected
engine
2. Cash grant for
hull & labor
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Cash grant for
hull, labor,
construction
material and
engine
Flexibility for Availability
the fishermen boat builder
for
the
selection
of
the
boat
buiders
Fishermen
able to access
a hull for free
can use the
save money
for
other
purpose
(fishing
material...)
Fishermen will
give priority to
other
expenses
-Flexibility to
buy preferred
materials
&
find best boat
builders
-Flexibility to
find supplier
-More options
for restoration
-Easy
to
implement
-Cost effective
of -availability of hull
-Beneficiaries
might lose cash (i.c.
Robbery)
-boat
builders
increase
their
prices because of
high demand
-security allow cash
grant without
-Focus on buying
sub-standard
materials to save
money
-It can be an
opportunity
to
use money for
other purposes
which is not
related to rehab
of livelihood
-difficulty
to
monitor suppliers
capacity
-Supply and prices
remaining stable
-security
allow
transfer
of
corresponding
amount of cash
-Support
arrival of boat
builder from
other area’s
-Available boat
builders,
registered
mechanics
-Strengthened
mode
of
release
(i.c.
use checks)
-Establish
network/relati
onship
with
suppliers,
landowners
(for
hulls),
boat builders,
mechanics
-security
-prices
and
availability of
targeted items
-market
capacity
Vs
project size
BOAT BUILDERS – Value Voucher for Tools
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGES
-Assurance that
builders will have
access to the
necessary tools
-helpers
have
access to tools
-Gives choice to
builders of what
tools
he/she
needs
-Suppliers might not
have the preferred
product/commodity
-Builders may buy the
tools for other purpose
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGES
Trader/Vendor
cash grant for
capital
Traders
can
restart
their
activity as soon
as the fishery
activity restart
Other needs may be
covered and loan
system developped
from fishermen to
traders
Other traders do
not come to
replace them in
the commercial
chain
RISK &
ASSUMPTIONS
SUPORT
REQUIRED
FOR MARKET
-Builders may get
into
“arrangement”
with suppliers to
buy the voucher
at discount
-Builders may sell
the tools
-Prices will be
stable
-Intentional
raising of prices to
maximize
the
value of vouchers
RISK &
ASSUMPTIONS
FACTORS
INDICATOR TO
MONITOR
-Advance
-Prices
and
payment
to availability of
suppliers
to products
procure
the (tools)
materials
-stocks
SUPORT
REQUIRED
FOR MARKET
FACTORSINDICATOR
TO MONITOR