MOTORS
Definition Of Motor
• That powered by electricity or internal combustion, that
supplies motive power for a vehicle or for some other device.
• A device that converts any form of energy into mechanical
energy, especially an internal-combustion engine or an
arrangement of coils and magnets that converts electric current
into mechanical power.
Types of motors
• DC Motor
• Stepper motor
• Servo motor
Stepper motor
Servo motor
DC Motor
DC Motor
• The simplest DC rotating machine
consists of a single loop of wire
rotating about a fixed axis. The
magnetic field is supplied by the
North and South poles of the magnet.
• Rotor is the rotating part;
• Stator is the stationary part.
Supply to Motor
• This motor have two terminal to which you can connect your
power supply .
• After providing supply, it will be start rotating.
• If you want to rotate in reverse direction than simply reverse
the power supply connection of motor. It means motor is
bipolar device.
• Based upon the architecture current ratings of every motor is
different and the we will use in our practical that will take
approx 1Amp current.
Necessary Medium To Operate
• We are working on microcontroller and the
maximum output current that it can provide
is 20mA.
• But our motor works on 1Amp current so to
remove this problem we will have to connect
motor driver IC L293D in between the
microcontroller and motor.
• This IC will provide the sufficient current to
drive the dc motor
• Also it will not affect the performance of the
•
controller.
Motor Driver
• L293D is a dual H-Bridge motor driver.
• With one IC, two DC motors can be interfaced which
can be controlled in both clockwise and counter
clockwise directions and its direction of motion can
also be fixed.
• L293D has output current of 600mA and peak output
current of 1.2A per channel.
• The output supply (VCC2) has a wide range from
4.5V to 36V.
Pin Description
Pin
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Function
Name
Enable pin for Motor 1; active high
Input 1 for Motor 1
Output 1 for Motor 1
Ground (0V)
Ground (0V)
Output 2 for Motor 1
Input 2 for Motor 1
Supply voltage for Motors; 9-12V (up to
36V)
Enable pin for Motor 2; active high
Input 1 for Motor 1
Output 1 for Motor 1
Ground (0V)
Ground (0V)
Output 2 for Motor 1
Input2 for Motor 1
Supply voltage; 5V (up to 36V)
Enable 1,2
Input 1
Output 1
Ground
Ground
Output 2
Input 2
Vcc 2
Enable 3,4
Input 3
Output 3
Ground
Ground
Output 4
Input 4
Vcc 1
Working
• The motor operations of two motors can be controlled by input
logic at pins 2 & 7 and 10 & 15. Input logic 00 or 11 will stop
the corresponding motor. Logic 01 and 10 will rotate it in
clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively.
•
Enable pins 1 and 9 must be high for motors to start operating.
When an enable input is high, the associated driver gets
enabled. As a result, the outputs become active and work in
phase with their inputs.