 Muhammad – the founder of Islam
 Islam - the monotheistic religion of Muslims
founded in Arabia based on the teachings of
Muhammad as laid down in the Koran (religious text)
 Muslim – people who follow the Islamic religion
 Mecca – the birthplace of Muhammad and Islam
 Medina – location of Muhammad’s tomb; second
holiest city for Muslims
List everything you know about
Islam in your notebook
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=yX3UHNhQ1Zk
Who?
Muhammad and Muslim followers
What?
Arab people united to spread Islam
Geography and Life in Arabia
7.2.1
The Big Idea
Life in Arabia was influenced by the harsh desert climate of
the region.
Main Ideas
• Arabia is mostly a desert land.
• Two ways of life—nomadic and sedentary—developed in
the desert.
Main Idea 1:
Arabia is mostly a desert land.
• The Arabian Peninsula lies near the intersection of three
continents, so it is called a “crossroads” location.
– Africa
– Asia
– Europe
• Arabia’s location has shaped its physical features.
Where?
• The Islam religion spread from
Medina to Mecca, to most of Arabia,
to the northern part of Africa,
through the Roman empire, and as
far west as Spain
Physical Features
• Arabia lies in a region with hot, dry air.
• The climate makes it hard for plants and animals to
survive.
• Huge sand dunes, or hills of sand shaped by the wind,
cover large parts of Arabia.
• Water exists mainly in oases, wet, fertile areas that are
scattered across the deserts.
Main Idea 2:
Two ways of life—nomadic and sedentary—
developed in the desert.
• In a nomadic life, people moved from place to place within
tribes for protection and as the seasons changed.
• Sedentary people settled in oases, where they could farm.
These settlements often became towns.
• Towns became centers of trade. Many had a souk, a
market or bazaar, where goods were traded.
When?
• 7th century C.E. (common era)
Origins of Islam
7.2.2
The Big Idea
Muhammad, a merchant from Mecca, introduced a major
world religion called Islam.
Main Ideas
• Muhammad became a prophet and introduced a religion
called Islam in Arabia.
• Muhammad’s teachings had similarities to Judaism and
Christianity, but they also presented new ideas.
• Islam spread in Arabia after being rejected at first.
How
1) Muhammad was born in Mecca and
became a merchant
Main Idea 1:
Muhammad became a prophet and
introduced a religion called Islam in Arabia.
• A man named Muhammad taught a new religion to the
people of Arabia.
• Muslims believe that God spoke to Muhammad through an
angel and made him a prophet.
• The messages he received were the basis for Islam and
were collected in the holy book of Islam called the Quran.
How
1) Muhammad was born in Mecca and
became a merchant
2) He believed he was the prophet that
communicated with God.
3) The messages he received were
written in the Quran (holy text).
Main Idea 2:
Muhammad’s teachings had similarities to
Judaism and Christianity, but they also
presented new ideas.
• Muhammad taught that there was only one God, Allah,
which means “the God” in Arabic. This is similar to
Christianity and Judaism.
• Muslims also recognize many of the same prophets as
Christians and Jews.
• Muslims don’t believe that Jesus was the son of God.
• Arabs were used to worshipping many gods, so many of
them rejected Muhammad’s teachings.
• Muhammad said the rich and poor should be equal. Many
wealthy merchants did not like this idea.
How
1) Muhammad was born in Mecca and
became a merchant
2) He believed he was the prophet that
communicated with God.
3) The messages he received were
written in the Quran (holy text).
4) Muhammad taught that there was
only one God name Allah.
How
5) Arabs were used to worshipping
many gods, so many of them
rejected Muhammad’s teachings.
Main Idea 3:
Islam spread in Arabia after
being rejected at first.
• Islam spread from Mecca to Medina.
– Rulers of Mecca began to threaten Muhammad and his
followers with violence as Islam started to influence
more people.
– Muhammad left Mecca and went to Medina.
– This departure became known in Muslim history as the
hegira, or journey.
– Islam thrived in Medina, and other Arab tribes in the
region accepted Islam.
Islam Spreads from Medina
to the Rest of Arabia
• Muhammad’s house became the first mosque, or building
for Muslim prayer.
• He reported new revelations about rules for society,
government, and worship.
• Mecca finally welcomed Muhammad back to the city and
accepted Islam as its religion.
How
5) Arabs were used to worshipping
many gods, so many of them
rejected Muhammad’s teachings.
6) He moved from Mecca to Medina
and spread the word of Islam.
7) Islam grew very big and Mecca
welcomed back Muhammad years
later.
Other Facts
• Islam is one of the world’s major
religions.
• Islam is Arabic word which means
“to surrender to the will of God.”
• The people who follow the Islam
religion are called Muslims.
Other Facts
• Islam began in 610 A.D. when a man named
Muhammad said he had a vision from God and
was told to become God’s messenger and
prophet.
• Islam started in the desert city of Mecca, which is
in modern day Saudi Arabia.
• Islam began with one man, but now is one of the
fastest growing religions with almost one billion
followers.
Expository Paragraph
• Has a topic sentence
• Has supporting sentences which give
details or facts about the topic
• Has organization
• Has a conclusion
Example
• Islam is one of the world’s oldest religions. It was
founded by a man named Muhammad who lived
in Arabia in the 7th century C.E. He believed he
was the prophet of God and acted as a
messenger to his followers. After the people of
Mecca rejected his ideas, he traveled to Medina
which is now know as the “pilgrimage”. In Medina
Muhammad’s house became the first mosque, or
place of Islamic prayer. After many years, Mecca
welcomed Muhammad back and Islam became its
official religion. Although Islam is not the oldest
religion in the world, today it is one of the
largest.
Create a Poster in your Notebook
• Must describe the rise of Islam
• Use pictures to describe the who,
what, when, where, and how
• Explain what each picture represents
• Use your guided notes to complete
the assignment
Warm-Up
Finish the expository paragraph about
the “Rise of Islam”
Make to sure to include:
- Introduction sentence
- Supporting sentences
- Closing sentence
5 Pillars of Islam
The Five Pillars of Islam
1. Saying “There is no god but God, and Muhammad is his
prophet”
2. Praying five times a day
3. Giving to the poor and needy
4. Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan
5. Traveling to Mecca at least once on a hajj
What are the Five Pillars?
Muslim people (who follow Islam) have five duties which
are called the Five Pillars of Islam. Every Muslim tries
to carry out these five things, and it helps them to feel
that they are members of the worldwide Muslim
community.
Pillar 1: SHAHADAH
This Pillar is believing and saying the
words. “There is no god except Allah,
Muhammad is the messenger of Allah”.
Muslims say this when they are praying
Pillar 2:SALAH
This Pillar is praying five times a day. There are set
prayers which Muslims should say, and all Muslims
should face Mecca in Arabia when praying, and should
pray on a prayer mat. People should wash before they
pray.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F
SLv798pNKg
Start at 1:20 – 4:05
Pillar 3: ZAKAH
Each year, Muslims are supposed to give
some of their savings for charity such
as helping the poor. In this way, they
believe that their wealth is “made pure”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b
p6Gxmx7f2c
Pillar 4: SAWM
Muslim people must not eat food and drink
during the month of Ramadan during
daylight hours.
2012: started on July 20th and continued
for 30 days
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R
M5TUVMqfbw
Pillar 5: HAJJ
This is making a pilgrimage to Mecca at
least once in your life, if it can be
afforded.
http://app.discoveryeducation.com/pl
ayer/?assetGuid=1B1705B5-A0154FD5-8A0EF51BBC1DFB8E&fromMyDe=0&isPrint
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workGuid=
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H
wK9nK6PlIs
Poster
• GROUP WORK
• Drawing on the information you gathered
and recorded on the guided notes as a
resource each poster must include:
– a listing of the Five Pillars
– a description of each of the practices
and how people fulfill these obligations
– illustrations or images that relate to
each of the pillars
Rubric for Poster
•
Includes a listing of the 5 Pillars, a description of each pillar, how people fulfill the
obligations, and illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate to each pillar = 10
points
•
Includes a listing of the 5 pillars, a description of each pillar, how people fulfill the
obligations, but NO illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate to each pillar =
9 points
•
Includes a listing of the 5 pillars, a description of each pillar, but NOT how people
fulfill the obligations and NO illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate to
each pillar = 8 points
•
Includes a listing of the 5 pillars, but NO descriptions of the pillars, but NOT how
people fulfill the obligations and NO illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate
to each pillar = 6 points
•
Poster does not include any full requirements as stated = 5 points
•
Poster does not get handed in = 0 points
Exit Ticket
• Take out a piece of paper from your
notebook
• List the Five Pillars of Islam in your
own words and create an illustration
for each
Warm-Up
•List the 5 Pillars of
Islam.
•Explain who Muhammad
was.
Poster
• GROUP WORK
• Drawing on the information you gathered
and recorded on the guided notes as a
resource each poster must include:
– a listing of the Five Pillars
– a description of each of the practices
and how people fulfill these obligations
– illustrations or images that relate to
each of the pillars
Rubric for Poster
•
Includes a listing of the 5 Pillars, a description of each pillar, how people fulfill the
obligations, and illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate to each pillar = 10
points
•
Includes a listing of the 5 pillars, a description of each pillar, how people fulfill the
obligations, but NO illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate to each pillar =
9 points
•
Includes a listing of the 5 pillars, a description of each pillar, but NOT how people
fulfill the obligations and NO illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate to
each pillar = 8 points
•
Includes a listing of the 5 pillars, but NO descriptions of the pillars, but NOT how
people fulfill the obligations and NO illustrations and descriptions/captions that relate
to each pillar = 6 points
•
Poster does not include any full requirements as stated = 5 points
•
Poster does not get handed in = 0 points
The Spread of Islam
• Muslims conquered territory
stretching from the Atlantic to the
borders of China
• What do you think the result of
this was?
The Spread of Islam
• Did not force people to covert to Islam
• Occurred over many centuries
• Muslims practiced tolerance with people of
other religions
• Good idea or bad idea?
Conversion to Islam
• Need to ACCEPT it
• Profession of faith in front of two
witnesses
• What’s next?
Create an Advertisement
• Include how many countries have
Muslims in them
• The process to becoming a Muslim
• Everyday life of a Muslim
• Illustrations