+ Introduction to Vocabulary of Islam To support reading and comprehension of “The Struggle Between Sunni & Shia Muslims Explained” + ISLAM A monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad + Muslim A believer in Islam + Quran The sacred book of Islam + Caliph Religious leader in Islam (caliphate is territory ruled by a caliph) + Arab a major pan-ethnic group. They primarily inhabit South Western Asia, North Africa, parts of the Horn of Africa, and other areas in the Arab world. Arabic-speaking populations in general are a highly heterogeneous collection of peoples, with different ancestral origins , religious views, and identities. + Jihad an Islamic term referring to a religious duty of Muslims. In Arabic, the word jihād is a noun meaning "struggle" or "resisting". Many observers—both Muslim[21] and non-Muslim[22]—talk of jihad having two meanings: an inner spiritual struggle—the "greater jihad"; and an outer physical struggle against the enemies of Islam—the "lesser jihad"[3][23]—which may take a violent or non-violent form.[24] + Question Formulation Technique Modern Muslims + Global Muslim Population 2011 + Population Density of Muslims