Rise of Islam
Agenda
• Key Vocabulary
• Section 1 – The Rise of Islam
KEY VOCABULARY
• bedouins
• hijrah
• jihad
• mosques
• Muhammad
• Islam
•Muslims
•Qur’ an
I. The Rise of Islam
A.Arabia: Its Geography and People
1. Bordered by Arabian Sea (south), Persian
Gulf (east) and Red Sea (west).
2. Mostly desert (bad for growing crops)
3. Bedouins
a. Nomads
b. Herded sheep and camels
c. Tribes led by sheikhs
d. Mecca – major trade route and center
of religion and culture
I. The Rise of Islam (continued)
B.
The Prophet Muhammad
1. Born circa 570 C.E.
2. Poor, illiterate caravan trader
3. At about 40 years old, had a vision of Gabriel
(Jibreel) calling him to be a prophet.
4. People of Mecca resisted his message at first –
fled to Yathrib (Medina) – known as the hijrah.
5. Began to gain followers, took over Mecca and
converted the Kaaba to a shrine to Allah.
6. Died in 632 – after converting many of the
bedouin tribes and naming his new religion –
Islam.
I. The Rise of Islam (continued)
C. The Faith of Islam
1. Monotheistic – one God
2. Islam – means “submission to the will of God.”
3. Followers are called Muslims
4. Holy book called the Qur’an (Koran)
a. Word of God revealed to Muhammad
b. Instructions for right living
c. Includes the 5 Pillars of Islam
i. The profession of faith
ii. The five daily prayers
iii. Paying zakat
iv. Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan
v. Making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once, if
possible.
d. Other dietary, dress and living rules.
e. Written in Arabic – holy language to Muslims
f. Memorized by Muslims in Arabic
5. Jihad – the struggle to defend the faith
I. The Rise of Islam (continued)
C.
The Faith of Islam (continued)
6. Mosques
a. Muslim place of worship
b. No furnishings.
c. Prayers on prayer mats/rugs
d. No images of people/animals.
e. Worship led by those who are
trained in the Koran and Islamic law.
f. Holy day – Friday – worship at noon.
g. Men/women are separated. Women
worship in a separate place or at
home.
Mecca