LAN
Local Area Network
By Amal Wali 10DD
Contents
 Terms
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Cabled LAN, 3 types
 Essential hardware
 LAN topologies
 3 structures of topologies
 Bus topology
 Star topology
 Wireless LAN
 WAN
 Data transmission
 Bibliography
Terms

Network: It is a collection of hardware components that are
interconnected allowing information to be shared.

Standalone: It is a computer that does not require a network to function.

LAN: Local Area Network. Is a computer network that interconnects
computers in a limited area, such as home, school or the library.

WAN: Wide Area Network. Is a telecommunication network that covers a
wide area.

Clients: An application or system that accesses a service provided by a
server.

Client/ Server Network: Involves numerous clients connecting to a
single, central server.

Peer to peer network: Computer network in which each computer can act
as a client or server for the other computers in the network.
BACK
Advantages
 Costly hardware can be shared.
 Network software is cheaper than purchasing individual
packages.
 Same files can accessed by all users.
 Messages can be sent between clients.
 Single internet connection can be shared by clients.
BACK
Disadvantages
 Expensive to set up and maintain.
 Viruses can spread to all computers in the network.
 More prone to hacking due to multiple points of access.
 If it is a star network, if the file server goes down, the
whole network will go down.
BACK
3 types of Cabled LAN
Cabled LAN is not wireless, but requires wires.
1.
Twisted pair: copper wires twisted into pairs.
2.
Coaxial cable: consist of copper or aluminum wire
surrounded by an insulating layer.
3.
ITU-T G.hn: uses existing home wiring to create high
speed LAN.
BACK
Essential hardware for a
computer to be connected
to LAN
 Hub/Switch- interconnected multiple devices to LAN.
 Router- distribute shared internet access from WAN to
LAN.
 NIC (Network Interface Card)
 Cabling
BACK
LAN topologies
LAN topologies is the layout pattern of interconnections of
the numerous fundamentals of a computer network.
BACK
3 Structures of Topologies
1.
Bus Topology: use a common backbone to connect all
devices.
2.
Ring Topology: has two neighbors for communication
purposes.
3.
Star Topology: a central connection point named a
“hub node” that may be network hub, switch or router.
BACK
Bus Topology
1- Best suited for small networks.
2- Easy to handle and use.
BACK
Star topology
Advantages:
1- Easy to connect new devices.
2- Centralized management, helps monitor the network.
3- Failure of one nod does not affect the rest of the network.
Disadvantages:
1- If the central device fails, the rest of the network goes down.
2- The overall cost of the network is increased due to the use of hubs, a router or switch
as a central device.
3- Performance and the number of nodes that can be added to the network all depend on
the capacity of the central device.
BACK
Wireless LAN
WLAN links two or more devices with a delivery method
which is usually OFDM radio or spread-spectrum, and
usually provides a connection through an access point to
the wider internet. This gives the user to move around
freely within the local coverage area and still be connected
to the network. Norman Abramson created the first wireless
computer connection network. WLAN is usually used
instead of LAN because of its ease.
BACK
WAN
Wide Area Network is a telecommunication network that
covers a broad area. Businesses and governments use
WANs to relay data among employees, clients, buyers, and
suppliers from various different regions. WAN has made it
possible for companies to communicate internally in
methods which did not exist before. A user of WAN must
subscribe to a service through a telecommunication
provider.
BACK
Data Transmission
Data transmission is the physical transfer of data over a
point-to-point channel. Examples would include copper
wires, optical fibers, wireless communication and storage
media. The data is represented as an electromagnetic
signal, such as an electrical voltage, radiowave, microwave
or infrared signal. Digital communications is the transfer of
discrete messages. These messages are either represented
by a sequence of pulses by means of line code, or by using
a digital modulation method. Data transmitted may be
digital messages coming from a data source, or it may be
an Analog signal such as a phone call or a video signal. The
source of coding and decoding is carried out by codec
equipment.
BACK
Bibliography

http://education.mu/forum/index.php?topic=306.0\

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network#Wired_technologies

http://www.facs.org/informatics/krusch.pdf

http://www.google.ae/#hl=en&q=lan+topology&tbs=dfn:1&tbo=u&sa=X
&ei=8DaiT66OOs_PiAKJoSLBw&ved=0CB0QkQ4&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=1592ac6
83e79e5a4&biw=1280&bih=923

http://compnetworking.about.com/od/networkdesign/a/topologies.htm

http://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091015004612AAYD
uar

http://www.ianswer4u.com/2011/05/star-topology-advantagesand.html#axzz1u5DpKSoA
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_LAN
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_area_network
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transmission
BACK