Adams-Ross
Debate
February 19, 2013
Hickory, NC
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Rev 1:10, I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and
heard behind me a great voice ….
• What does this mean, ‘the Lord’s day’?
• The word (kuriakós) is not a regular possessive word,
as in day of the Lord, but rather an adjective describing
something that belongs to the Lord
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2
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• It is a completely different expression than the phrase “day
of the Lord” in 2 Peter 3:10; 1 Thess 5:2 (2 Thess 2:2
ASV) and the similar OT expressions
• Only used one other time in the NT, in 1 Cor 11:20, where
it refers to the Lord’s Supper
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3
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• However, there is a special day that John refers to as ‘the
Lord’s Day,’ so what day was especially connected with the
Lord?
• The first day of the week, Sunday!
• All of our previous points have emphasized this fact,
Sunday was special to the Lord
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4
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Sunday was the day the Lord was raised from the dead,
Matthew 28:1 & parallels
• Sunday was the day the Lord was declared to be the Son of
God, Psalm 2:7; Acts 13:33; Romans 1:4 w/ Matthew
28:1, etc.
• Sunday was the day the Lord was first preached as being
the Savior, Acts 2
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5
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Sunday was the day the Lord’s church was established,
Acts 2; 11:15
• Sunday was the day the Lord’s people re-membered his
death in the eating of the Lord’s Supper, Acts 20:7; 1 Cor
11:17ff
• The Lord’s Day is the day the Lord’s Supper is to be eaten!
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6
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• Sunday was the day the Lord’s people col-lected funds for
his work, 1 Cor 16:1–2
• No other day of the week held the same significance for the
Lord and his people
• The Bible shows the Lord’s Day is Sunday
• But let’s consider the meaning and usage of this word John
used in Revelation 1:10
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7
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
BDAG: [kuriakós, ē, on] pertaining to
belonging to the Lord, the Lord’s …
the Lord’s Supper 1 Cor 11:20. … the
Lord’s day … i.e. certainly Sunday (so
in Modern Greek …) Rv 1:10. … For
this … Didache 14:1. … Gospel of Peter
9:35; 12:50. … observe the Lord’s day
(opposed [to the sabbaths]) Ignatius to
the Magnesians 9:1 ….
[BDAG] A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament
and Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. (Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 2000).
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8
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
TDNT: It [kuriakós] occurs twice in the
NT: 1 C. 11:20 …, and Rev. 1:10. … The
Lord’s Day takes its significance from
the resurrection of Christ. The
[kuriakós] … became the day when the
congregations assembled, Ac. 20:7;
Did. 14.1 …. John’s Gospel emphasises
that Jesus rose on the first day of the
week, Jn 20:1, 19, 26 ….
Gerhard Kittel, et al., eds. Theological Dictionary of the
New Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans,
1964–).
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9
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Little Kittel: kyriakós. This adjective,
meaning “of the lord or owner,” occurs
in the NT in 1 Cor 11:20 and Rev. 1:10
for the Lord’s Supper and the Lord’s
Day. … As regards the latter, the day of
Christ’s resurrection takes on special
significance (cf. Jn. 20:1; Acts 20:7;
1 Cor. 16:2). [cont.]
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10
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Little Kittel: kyriakós. … Already the
first day is important to Judaism as the
day when creation began, and it
becomes a special day of Christian
assembly as the beginning of a new
aeon.
Geoffrey W. Bromiley, ed. Theological Dictionary of the
New Testament: Abridged in One Volume (Grand Rapids,
MI: W. B. Eerdmans, 1985).
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11
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Robertson: Rev. 1:10. … On the Lord’s
Day …. the Christians … take this term,
already in use, and apply it to the first
day of the week in honour of the Lord
Jesus Christ’s resurrection on that day
(Didache 14, Ignatius Magn. 9). … It
has no reference to hēmera kurio (the
day of judgment, II Pet. 3:10).
A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament
(Nashville, TN: Broadman Press, 1933).
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12
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Vincent: Rev. 1:10. … On the Lord’s
day (en kuriakē hēméra). … The first
day of the week, the festival of the
Lord’s resurrection. Not … the day of
judgment … (2 Thess 2:2); … (2 Pet.
3:10); or … (Philip. 2:16) ….
Marvin Richardson Vincent, Word Studies in the New
Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1887).
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13
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Zodhiates: kuriakós; fem. kuriakē, ….
Belonging to a lord or ruler. Only in 1 Cor.
11:20; Rev. 1:10 as belonging to Christ,
to the Lord, having special reference to
Him. Hence, Kuriakē, which came to mean
Kuriakē Hēméra, the “Day of the Lord,”
what we call Sunday. It was kept in
commemora-tion of Christ’s resurrection
(John 20:19–23; Acts 20:7; 1 Cor. 16:2
[see Rev. 1:10]).
Spiros Zodhiates, The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New
Testament (Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 2000).
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14
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
• The next few charts contain quotes
from non-biblical ancient documents
that were contem-porary with John’s
writing of Revelation
• These are the documents referred to in
the definitions from the lexicons in
previous charts
• These quotations are simply used to
show that the word John used in Rev
1:10 (kuriakē) was in common use
and clearly meant Sunday
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15
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
•“The Gospel of Peter” in the Akhmîm
papyrus “was a narrative gospel of
the synoptic type which circulated in
the mid-1st century under the
authority of the name Peter.”
Paul Allan Mirecki, “Peter, Gospel of” in vol. 5, The
Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary, ed. David Freedman
(New York: Doubleday, 1992), 278.
•Other scholars date it to 70–150 AD
•The Gospel of Peter describes the
crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus
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16
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Gos. Pet. 9:35, Now on the night when
the Lord’s Day [hē kuriakē] was drawing
on, as the soldiers kept guard by two and
two ….
Gos. Pet. 12:50, Now at dawn on the
Lord’s Day [tēs kuriakēs] Mary Magdalene,
a female disciple of the Lord … took with
her her female friends, and came to the
sepulchre where He was laid.
Translation: H. B. Swete, The Akhmîm Fragment of the
Apocryphal Gospel of St. Peter (London: MacMillan and Co.,
1893).
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17
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
The Didache is a collection of teachings
for Christians and churches dated to
70–120 AD
14:1, And coming together on the
Lord’s day [kuriakēn] of the Lord, break
bread ….
Translation: Rick Brannan, The Apostolic Fathers in
English (Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
cf. Acts 20:7, Upon the first day of the
week, when the disciples came together
to break bread ….
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18
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Ignatius, an elder of the church in
Antioch, wrote several letters dated to
98–110 AD
Magnesians 9:1, [I]f those who lived
in ancient customs came to newness of
hope, no longer keeping the Sabbath
but living according to the Lord’s day
[kuriakēn], on which our life also arose
through him and his death, (which
some deny) ….
Translation: Rick Brannan,
The Apostolic Fathers in
19
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English (Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2012).
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
Philip Schaff, eminent scholar of ‘church
history’:
The celebration of the Lord’s Day [which
he later identified as Sunday] in memory
of the resurrection of Christ dates
undoubtedly from the apostolic age.
Nothing short of apostolic precedent can
account for the universal religious
observance in the churches of the second
century. There is no dissenting voice.
Philip Schaff and David Schley Schaff, History of the
Christian Church, electronic
ed. (New York: Charles
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Scribner’s Sons, 1910), 2.5.60.
20
Sunday Is the Lord’s Day
2nd [Day]
3rd [Day]
4th [Day]
5th [Day]
Preparation [Day], Mk 15.42
Sabbath, Mk 15.42; 16.1–2
Lord’s [Day], Mk 16.2; Rev 1:10
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21
Sunday Proposition
• Sunday is a special day to NT Christians
• Mt 28; Mk 16; Lk 24; Jn 20 | Ps 2:7; Acts 13:33; Rom 1:4 |
Joel 2; Isa 2; Zech 6; Acts 2
• Sunday is a day of worship for NT Christians
• 1 Cor 11:17–34; 14:23, 26; Acts 20:6–7 |
1 Cor 16:1–2; 4:17; 7:17
• Sunday is the Lord’s Day for NT Christians
• Rev 1:10; Mt 28; Mk 16; Lk 24; Jn 20; Acts 20:7
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22
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT
Binding
Great Britain
United States of Americ
•Murder is illegal •Murder is illegal
•Theft is illegal
•Theft is illegal
•Perjury is illegal •Perjury is illegal
•Must pay taxes
•Must pay taxes
•Subject of the
•???
Queen
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23
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT
Binding
Ezekiel 20:10–12, Wherefore I caused
them [house of Jacob/Israel, v5; cf. v13]
to go forth out of the land of Egypt, and
brought them into the wilderness. And I
gave them my statutes, and shewed them
my judgments, which if a man do, he
shall even live in them. Moreover also I
gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign
between me and them, that they might
know that I am the Lord that sanctify
them.
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24
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT
Binding
Nehemiah 9:13–14, Thou camest
down also upon mount Sinai, and
spakest with them [our fathers, v9]
from heaven, and gavest them right
judgments, and true laws, good
statutes and commandments: And
madest known unto them thy holy
sabbath, and commandedst them
precepts, statutes, and laws, by the
hand of Moses thy servant ….
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25
Laws NOT Repeated, NOT
Binding
Old Covenant
•Adultery is sin
•Murder is sin
•Theft is sin
•Lying is sin
•Keep the
Sabbath
New Covenant
•Adultery is sin
•Murder is sin
•Theft is sin
•Lying is sin
•???
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26
Smite v. Speak / Saturday v.
Sunday
Exodus 17
• No water to drink,
v1
• Take thy rod, v5
• Smite the rock,
v5
• Moses did so, he
smote the rock,
v6
• Moses is faithful
Numbers 20
• No water, v2
• Take the rod, v7
• Speak to the rock,
v8
• Instead, Moses
smote the rock, v11
• Moses failed to
believe / sanctify
God, punished,
v12
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27
Smite v. Speak / Saturday v.
Sunday
Old Covenant / New Covenant / Christians
Israel
• Lord raised on
• Remember the sabSunday, John 20:1
bath day, Exod 20:8
• Disciples met on
• Keep my sabbaths,
Sunday, Acts 20:7
Lev 19:3, 30; 26:2
• Churches met on
• Keep the sabbath
day, Deut 5:12
Sunday, 1 Cor 16:1–
• Sabbath given to
2
Israel, Neh 9:13–14
• Lord’s Day, special
day, Sunday, Rev
1:10
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28
Smite v. Speak / Saturday v.
Sunday
Old Covenant /
Israel
• When Israel kept
the sabbath,
faithful
New Covenant / Christians
• When God’s people
worship him on the
Lord’s Day, faithful
• When God’s people
• When Israel failed fail to worship him
to keep the
on the Lord’s Day,
sabbath,
pun-ished, Heb
punished, Num
10:24–31
15:36
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29
Acts 20:7–10, Resurrection
Theme
• v7, 1st day of the week, when Jesus was resurrected
(cf. John 20:1)
• v7, to eat the Lord’s Supper (lit. ‘break bread’),
memorial of Jesus’ death and resurrection (cf. 1 Cor
11:23–27)
• vv9–10, Eutychus raised from the dead
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30
Constantine’s Edict of 321
On the venerable Day of the Sun let the
magistrates and people residing in cities rest, and
let all workshops be closed. In the country,
however, persons engaged in agriculture may
freely and lawfully continue their pur-suits;
because it often happens that another day is not
so suitable for grain-sowing or for vine-planting;
lest by neglecting the proper moment for such
operations the bounty of heaven should be lost.
(Given the 7th day of March, Crispus and
Constantine being consuls each of them for the
second time.)
Philip Schaff and David Schley Schaff, History of the Christian
Church, electronic ed. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons,
1910), 3.7.75, n692.
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31
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• Sabbath NOT mentioned before Exodus 16
• Sabbath was only made known at Mt. Sinai after leaving
Egypt, Nehemiah 9:13–14, meaning it was NOT known
prior to then
• In Exodus 16:4–5, 22–30, God tested whether or not
they would keep his laws with the first mention of the
sabbath
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32
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• The sabbath of Exodus 16 was not the same as the
sabbath of Exodus 20 and following because the penalty
of violating the latter was death (Exod 31:13–17) and the
violators in Exodus 16 were not put to death (v27ff)
• Again the sabbath of Exodus 16 was given as a test; it
was something new!
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33
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• The people of Israel were NOT familiar with the sabbath
before Exodus 16
• Exod 16:22–23, the rulers of Israel didn’t know what the
Sabbath was about, had to be told
• Exod 16:27, others in Israel didn’t yet realize they weren’t
supposed to work on the sabbath
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34
Israel NEW to the Sabbath
• Events of Numbers 15:32–36 show that Israel was not
familiar with the sabbath and that it was something NEW
for them
• A man violated the sabbath, picked up sticks
• They recently learned it was wrong, but were confused about what
to do with the man
• God had to tell them what to do, because the sabbath was NEW,
they were learning about it
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35
Not Known/Made Known to
Fathers
• In Deut 5:3 Moses said the covenant with the Sabbath
(vv12–15) was not made known to ‘our fathers,’ meaning
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (1:8)
• In Nehemiah 9:9–14, the Levites (v5) said God made
known the covenant with the Sabbath to ‘our fathers,’
meaning those God brought out of Egypt to Mt. Sinai
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36
Deut 5.3: Who Are ‘Our
Fathers’?
•1:8, your fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob
•6:10, thy fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac,
and to Jacob
•9:5, thy fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob
•29:13, thy fathers, to Abraham, to
Isaac, and to Jacob
•30:20, thy fathers, to Abraham, to
Isaac, and to Jacob
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37
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included
the sabbath
• v2, God made this covenant with ‘us’
• Us = ‘all Israel … O Israel’ (v1)
• This covenant was not made with any other nations past,
present, or future
• This covenant was not made with Gentiles
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38
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the
sabbath
• v2, God made this covenant in Horeb
• cf. Exod 3:1, 12; 19:1–2; Num 10:33
• God did not make this covenant in Eden with all people, but at
Horeb with Israel alone
• God did not make this covenant before Horeb, but with Israel who
alone was at Horeb
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39
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the
sabbath
• v3, God did NOT make this covenant with ‘our fathers’
• ‘our fathers’ = Abraham, Isaac, Jacob (1.8)
• God did NOT make this covenant with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Adam
and Eve, nor with anyone else prior to Israel!
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40
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the
sabbath
• v6, ‘brought thee out … of Egypt’ = covenant made with
Israel, NOT Gentiles and NOT ALL people
• vv12–15, covenant incl. 10 Commandments
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41
Deuteronomy 5:1–22
• vv2–3, 10–15, God made a covenant that included the
sabbath
• v15b, ‘therefore the Lord they God com-manded thee to
keep the Sabbath’
• Why is the ‘therefore’ ‘there for’?
• v15a, BECAUSE they (Israel) were a servant in Egypt & God
brought them (Israel) out of Egypt
• Keeping the sabbath was NOT given to others who were not
delivered by God from Egypt!
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42
Deut 5:1–22 Summary
• God made a covenant that included ‘keep
the sabbath day to sanctify it’
• He made this covenant only with Israel,
NOT with any other nation or people
• He made this covenant at Mt. Horeb,
NOT before and NOT in the Garden of Eden
• He did NOT make this covenant with the
fathers: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, or Adam
• He made this covenant with those he brought
out of Egypt, NOT with any other nation or
people
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43
Argument: God Never Changes
• No one denies this fundamental truth!
• This is NOT the issue!
• The issue IS has God made different covenants with
and given different commandments to different people
in different ages?
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44
Argument: God Never Changes
• Gen 2:15, God commanded Adam to ‘dress’ and ‘keep’
the Garden of Eden
• Using my opponents reasoning: Adam is the father of all
people, therefore this is a universal commandment—ALL
people are required to ‘dress’ and ‘keep’ the Garden
• Does my opponent practice or teach this?
• Notice how Adam was NOT commanded to ‘keep’ the sabbath
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45
Argument: God Never Changes
• Gen 6:14, God commanded Noah to build an ark of gopher
wood, etc.
• Using my opponents reasoning: Noah is the father all people
today (Gen 9:1), therefore this is a universal commandment—ALL
people are required to build an ark
• Is my opponent currently engaged in such a building project and
teaching others to do so?
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46
Argument: God Never Changes
• Exod 31:16, the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath,
to observe the sabbath throughout their generations ….
• cf. Deut 5:3; Nehemiah 9:13–14
• This commandment was given to ‘the children of Israel’ and NOT
to Gentile peoples
• Just like the command to ‘keep’ the Garden was given to Adam
and the command to build an ark was given to Noah; NOT to us
today
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47
Colossians 2:16
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or
in respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the
sabbath days
• Question: what are the ‘sabbath days’?
• Are they the weekly sabbath or special annual festival
sabbaths?
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48
Colossians 2:16
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in
respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the
sabbath days
• Some contend the plural ‘sabbath days’ means Paul only
referred to special annual sabbaths, and not to the weekly
sabbath
• What saith the Scripture?
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49
Colossians 2:16
• Exodus 31:12–18
•
•
•
•
v13,
v14,
v15,
v16,
my sabbaths ye shall keep
ye shall keep the sabbath therefore
the seventh [day] is the sabbath / day
the sabbath (2x)
• sabbaths = the sabbath day
• Col 2:16, sabbath days = weekly sabbath
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50
Colossians 2:16
• Matthew 12:1–13
• vv5, 10, 12, sabbath days
• vv1, 2, 5, 8, 11, 12, sabbath day
• sabbath days = sabbath day
• Col 2:16, sabbath days = weekly sabbath
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51
Col 2:16 / 1 Chron 23:29–31
Let no man therefore judge you in meat,
or in drink [daily], or in respect of an
holyday [yearly], or of the new moon
[monthly], or of the sabbath days
[weekly] ….
And to stand every morning …, and
likewise at even [daily]; And to offer all
burnt sacrifices unto the Lord in the
sabbaths [weekly], in the new moons
[monthly], and on the set feasts
[yearly], … continually before the Lord ….
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52
Col 2:16 / 2 Chron 2:4
Let no man therefore judge you in meat,
or in drink [daily], or in respect of an
holyday [yearly], or of the new moon
[monthly], or of the sabbath days
[weekly] ….
Behold, I build an house to … God, … for
the burnt offerings morning and evening
[daily], on the sabbaths [weekly], and
on the new moons [monthly], and on the
solemn feasts [yearly] …. This is an
ordinance for ever to Israel.
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53
Col 2:16 / 2 Chron 8:13
Let no man therefore judge you in meat,
or in drink [daily], or in respect of an
holyday [yearly], or of the new moon
[monthly], or of the sabbath days
[weekly] ….
Even after a certain rate every day
[daily], offering according to the
commandment of Moses, on the sabbaths
[weekly], and on the new moons
[monthly], and on the solemn feasts
[yearly], three times in the year, ….
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54
Col 2:16 / 2 Chron 31:3
Let no man therefore judge you in
meat, or in drink [daily], or in respect
of an holyday [yearly], or of the new
moon [monthly], or of the sabbath
days [weekly] ….
[A]lso … for the burnt offerings, … for
the morning and evening [daily] burnt
offerings, and the burnt offerings for
the sabbaths [weekly], and for the
new moons [monthly], and for the set
feasts [yearly], as it is written ….
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55
Col 2:16 / Hosea 2:11
Let no man therefore judge you in
meat, or in drink [daily], or in respect
of an holyday [yearly], or of the new
moon [monthly], or of the sabbath
days [weekly] ….
I will also cause all her mirth to cease,
Her feast days [yearly], her new
moons [monthly], and her sabbaths
[weekly],
and all her solemn feasts.
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56
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Yearly
1Ch 23
morning &
evening
sabbaths
new moons
set feasts
2Ch 2:4
morning &
evening
sabbaths
new moons
solemn
feasts
2Ch 8:13
every day
sabbaths
new moons
solemn
feasts
2Ch 31:3
morning &
evening
sabbaths
new moons
set feasts
sabbaths
new moons
feast days
sabbath
days
new
moon
holyday
Hos 2:11
Col 2:16
meat &
drink
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57
Colossians 2:14–17
Blotting out the handwriting of
ordinances that was against us, which
was contrary to us, and took it out of
the way, nailing it to his cross ….
Let no man therefore judge you in meat,
or in drink, or in respect of an holyday,
or of the new moon, or of the sabbath
days: Which are a shad-ow of things to
come; but the body is of Christ.
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58
Colossians 2:14–17
• What was in the handwriting of ordinances?
• [daily] meat and drink, [yearly] holydays, [monthly] new moons,
[weekly] sabbaths
• What happened to these things?
• Weekly sabbaths were blotted out
• Weekly sabbaths were taken away
• Weekly sabbaths were nailed to the cross
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59
Colossians 2:14–17 Summary
• Jesus, ‘blotting out the handwriting of ordinances, … took
it out of the way, nailing it to his cross’; this included the
weekly ‘sabbath days’ (v16)
• So what happened to the weekly sabbath?
• Weekly sabbaths were blotted out
• Weekly sabbaths were taken away
• Weekly sabbaths were nailed to the cross
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60
Deut 5:1–22 & Col 2:14–17
• Deut 5: God gave the sabbath to Israel, who he brought out
of Egypt, at Mt. Horeb, NOT to their fathers, NOT to the
Gentiles, NOT in the Garden of Eden
• Col 2: when Jesus died on the cross weekly sabbaths were
blotted out, taken away, and nailed to his cross; they are
no more
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61
Jesus Kept the Sabbath
• No one denies this; this is NOT the issue
• Gal 4:4, Jesus lived under the Old Law
• Heb 9:17, the Law of Christ only went to effect AFTER he
died
• Col 2:14–17, when he died sabbaths were blotted out,
taken away, nailed to his cross
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62
Jesus Did Not End Old Law ???
• Matt 5:17, Jesus came not to destroy, but to fulfill the Old
Law
• Argument: Jesus did not end the Old Law
• Col 2:14, Jesus took Old Law out of the way
• Eph 2:15, Jesus abolished the Old Law
• Rom 10:4, Jesus fulfilled the Old Law in that he ‘is the end
of the law’
www.WordAndSword.com
63
Jesus Gave ALL NT in Gospels
• Argument: Jesus had to reveal everything in his will before
his death
• John 16:12–16, Jesus still had ‘many things to say unto’
the apostles that the Holy Spirit would ‘speak of’ after his
death
• 1 Cor 14:37, Paul wrote ‘commandments of the Lord,’
including 11:17–34; 16:1–2
www.WordAndSword.com
64
Paul Kept the Sabbath
•Argument: Paul, as an apostle, kept
the Sabbath in worshiping God
•No one denies Paul visited synagogues
on some sabbaths; this it not the issue
•Where did Paul eat Lord’s Supper on the
sabbath?
•Acts 9:20, 22; 17:1–4, Paul taught on
the sabbath and ‘confounded the Jews
… proving that this is very Christ’;
some believed and left synagogue!
www.WordAndSword.com
65
Sabbath & Acts 15
•Discussion not only about circumcision,
also about keeping ‘the law of Moses,’
vv5, 21, 24
•Paul dissented and disputed the need
to keep the Law of Moses, v2
•Peter said they should not ‘put a yoke
upon the neck of the [Gentile]
disciples’ by teaching them to keep the
Law of Moses, v10
www.WordAndSword.com
66
Sabbath & Acts 15
•James said ‘that we trouble not them …
Gentiles’ by teaching them to keep the
Law of Moses, v19
•The apostles and elders at Jerusalem
never commanded anyone to teach
that the Gentiles keep the Law of
Moses, v24;16:4
•It seemed good to the Holy Ghost,
apostles, elders at Jerusalem not to
burden the Gentiles with keeping the
law of Moses, v28
www.WordAndSword.com
67
Sabbath & Galatians
• The Law of Moses, including the sabbath, is the topic of
Galatians, 3:17, 19; 4:25
• How does Paul describe you who want to keep the Law
of Moses today?
•
•
•
•
•
Christ shall profit you nothing, 5:2
You are a debtor to do the whole law, 5:3
Christ is of no effect unto you, 5:4a
Ye are fallen from grace, 5:4b
Paul wishes you were ‘cut off,’ 5:12
www.WordAndSword.com
68
Sabbath, Acts 15, Galatians
Opponent
•Circumcision
__ N __
Y
•Sabbath
__ N __
Y
•Law of Moses
__ N __
Y
Who’s Right???
Acts 15
__
•Paul
 N __ Y
•Peter
__
 N __ Y
•James
__
 N __ Y
•Apostles __ N __ Y

•Elders
__
 N __ Y
•Holy Ghost__ N __ Y

‘Let God be true, but every man a liar,’ Rom 3:4
www.WordAndSword.com
69
Lord’s Supper = Annual ???
• Argument: the Lord’s Supper may be
eaten on Sunday, Acts 20:7, but this
was only once a year on the 14th day of
the 1st month
• The annual event in Law of Moses that
occurred the 14th day of the 1st month
was the Passover and the feast of
unleavened bread, Exod 12
• According to Acts 20:6 this had already
occurred when the disciples in Troas came
together on the first day of the week to
eat the Lord’s Supper
www.WordAndSword.com
70
Between Cross & Pentecost
Old Law / New
Law
Old President/New Pres.
•Election Day, Nov •Cross of Jesus
• Old President voted out
• Old Law nailed to cross
• New President voted •inNew Law commissione
•Inauguration Day, Jan
•Pentecost
20
• Old President no longer
• Old Law no longer
• New President in office
• New Law proclaimed
www.WordAndSword.com
71
Between Cross & Pentecost
Last Will and Testament
•Death of person
•Some days pass
•Reading and
execution of
their last will
and testament
New Testament
•Death of Jesus
•Some days pass
•Reading and
execution of his
testament
www.WordAndSword.com
72
Sabbath: 60x in 55vv (KJV)
• Argument: sabbath mentioned more
than the first day of the week / Sunday
/ Lord’s Day
• 50x in Gospels, people still under Law
of Moses
• 9x in Acts; 1x length of journey; 8x
Paul persuading Jews to accept Christ
and his day!
• 1x in Romans–Revelation! in Col 2:16
Paul teaches weekly sabbaths were
blotted out, taken out, and nailed to
the cross
www.WordAndSword.com
73
Sabbath: 60x in 55vv (KJV)
•Argument: sabbath mentioned more
than the first day of the week /
Sunday / Lord’s Day
•Sin: 220x in 185vv (KJV NT)
•Godly/Godliness: 52x in 26vv (KJV
NT)
•Does this make sin more important
than godli-ness or mean we should
sin instead of practice godliness? If
not, why not?
www.WordAndSword.com
74
Law of Moses from Angels?
•Acts 7:53; Gal 3:19; Heb 2:2 all
allude that the Law of Moses was
delivered by angels
• Why is this? Is this stated in the OT???
•Deut 33:2 (LXX), And he said: ‘The
Lord came from Sinai / and displayed
himself to us from Seir / and made
haste from Mount Paran together with
myriads of Kadesh, / from his right,
angels with him.’
The Lexham English Septuagint, ed. Rick Brannan, Ken M.
Penner, Israel Loken et al. (Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible
Software, 2012).
www.WordAndSword.com
75
Sabbath = 7th Day
•
Ex. 16:26: 26Six days you shall gather it, but on
the seventh day, the Sabbath, there will be
none.”
•
Mt 28:1: 1Now after the Sabbath, as the first
day of the week began to dawn, Mary
Magdalene and the other Mary came to see the
tomb.
•
Mk 16:1-2: 1Now when the Sabbath was past,
Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and
Salome bought spices, that they might come
and anoint Him. 2Very early in the morning, on
the first day of the week, they came to the
tomb when the sun had risen.
76
Three Basic Arguments
• The covenant containing the command
to keep the Sabbath was made with
the Jews alone
• The covenant containing the command
to keep the Sabbath has been replaced
by the new covenant of Jesus Christ
• The Jewish Sabbath was not observed
in the early post-apostolic period
77
Sinai Covenant Made With
Jews
• The Sinai covenant was made with the
Israelites (Ex. 20:1-2; 24:7-8; Lev.
26:46; Dt. 5:1-6)
• The Sinai covenant was not made with
the fathers (Dt. 5:2-3), the
surrounding nations (Dt. 4:7-8) or
the Gentiles (Rom. 2:12-14)
• A law applies only to those to whom it
is addressed (Rom. 3:19)
78
The Sabbath & Israel
• The Sabbath was made known at Mt.
Sinai (Neh. 9:13-14)
• The Sabbath was a sign between God
and Israel (Ex. 31:12-13, 16-17; Ezek.
20:10-12)
• The Sabbath was a memorial of the
Exodus from Egypt (Dt. 5:15)
79
The Sabbath In Exodus 16
•
•
Seventh day first called “Sabbath” (Ex.
16:23)
Context indicates something new
• “Tomorrow is a solemn rest, a holy Sabbath….”
(Ex. 16:23)
• Some gathered manna on the 7th day (Ex.
16:25-27)
•
•
This “Sabbath-keeping” evidently
anticipates the Sabbath command (Ex.
20:8-11)
Punishment for Sabbath violation
unknown (Num. 15:32-36)
80
Replacement Prophesied
Jer. 31:31-32: 31 “Behold, the days
are coming, says the Lord, when I will
make a new covenant with the house
of Israel and with the house of
Judah— 32 “not according to the covenant
that I made with their fathers in the day
that I took them by the hand to lead
them out of the land of Egypt, My
covenant which they broke, though I was
a husband to them, says the Lord.
81
Replacement Prophesied
Jer. 31:33-34: 33 “But this is the
covenant that I will make with the house of
Israel after those days, says the Lord: I
will put My law in their minds, and
write it on their hearts; and I will be
their God, and they shall be My people.
34“No more shall every man teach his
neighbor, and every man his brother,
saying, ‘Know the Lord,’ for they all shall
know Me, from the least of them to the
greatest of them, says the Lord. For I will
forgive their iniquity, and their sin I
will remember no more.”
82
The Two Covenants
(Heb. 8:7-13)
First Covenant
Second Covenant
Faulty (8:7-8)
Faultless (8:7-8)
Sinai covenant (8:9)
New covenant (8:8)
Laws in mind & heart (Pr. 3:1-3;
7:1-3; Psa. 37:31; 40:8; Isa. 51:7)
Laws in mind & heart (8:10)
Their God & My people (Ex. 6:7;
Dt. 7:6; 2 Sam. 7:24)
Their God & My people (8:10)
83
The Two Covenants
(Heb. 8:7-13)
First Covenant
New Covenant
Taught to know God after
covenant relationship (8:11)
Taught to know God before
covenant relationship (8:11; Jn.
6:44-45)
Some knew God (Rom. 9:6-8,
27)
All will know God (8:11)
Sins remembered every year
(Lev. 16:29-30; Heb. 10:1-3, 18)
Sins remembered no more
(Heb. 8:12)
Obsolete (8:13)
New covenant (8:13)
Ready to vanish away (8:13)
Everlasting covenant (Heb.
13:20)
84
Understanding Jer. 31:31-32
“He Didn’t Say I’ll
Give Them A New
Law. He Said I’m
Going To Give Them
The Exact Same Law
I Gave Them Before
With A New
Covenant, Which
Means An
Agreement.” (Bill
Rorick, 10/20/79)
Ex. 34:28: “He Wrote Upon The
Tables The Words Of The
Covenant, The Ten
Commandments”
Vs.
Dt. 4:13: “He Declared…His
Covenant…Even The Ten
Commandments; And He Wrote
Them Upon Two Tables Of Stone.”
1 Ki. 8:9, 21: “There Was Nothing
In The Ark Save the Two Tables Of
Stone…The Ark, Wherein Is The
Covenant Of The Lord Which He
Made With Our Fathers, When He
Brought Them Out Of The Land Of
David Egypt
Watts, Sr.
85
Old Covenant Replaced
• God wants us to hear His Son (Mk. 9:28)
• Christians have been made dead to the
law (Rom. 7:4) and discharged from the
law (Rom. 7:6-7)
• The old covenant has passed away (2
Cor. 3:1-18)
• Christians are no longer under the tutor
that brought the Jews to Christ (Gal. 3:2325)
86
The Transfiguration
(Mt. 17:1-8; Mk. 9:2-8; Lk. 9:28-36a)
•
Jesus transfigured (Mk. 9:2-3)
•
Moses & Elijah talk with Jesus (Mk. 9:4)
•
“Let us make three tabernacles” (Mk. 9:5)
•
“This is My beloved son. Hear Him!” (Mk.
9:7)
•
“And All at once they looked around and saw
no one with them anymore, except Jesus
alone.” (Mk. 9:8)
Heb. 1:1-2
87
10 Commandments &
The Covenant
• The 10 commandments were the
foundation of the old covenant (Ex.
34:27-28; Dt. 4:13; 9:9-11; 2 Chr.
6:11; 1 Ki. 8:9, 21)
• If the old covenant has been replaced by
the new covenant, then the 10
commandments have been replaced
• The principles of 9 of the 10
commandments are taught in the
gospel
88
Where Is The NT
Sabbath Command?
Acts 14:15
No Other Gods
1 Jn. 5:21
No Graven Images
Jas. 5:12
Don’t Take God’s Name In Vain
Remember Sabbath
Eph. 6:1-2
Honor Father & Mother
Rom. 13:9
You Shall Not Kill
Rom. 13:9
You Shall Not Commit Adultery
Rom. 13:9
You Shall Not Steal
Rom. 13:9
You Shall Not Bear False Witness
Rom. 13:9
You Shall Not Covet
David Watts, Sr.
89
The 10 Commandments
10 Commandments
The Gospel
You shall have no other
gods before Me (Ex. 20:3)
Acts 14:11-18; 1 Cor. 8:4-6
You shall not make for
yourself a carved image
(Ex. 20:4)
You shall not take the
name of the Lord your God
in vain (Ex. 20:7)
Acts 17:24-25, 29; 1 Cor.
8:4; 10:7, 14; 1 Jn. 5:21
Mt. 5:33-37; Jas. 5:12
90
The 10 Commandments
10 Commandments
Remember the Sabbath
day, to keep it holy. (Ex.
20:8)
The Gospel
NOT TAUGHT IN NT
(cf. Col. 2:13-14, 16-17)
Honor your father and your
Eph. 6:1-3; Col. 3:20
mother (Ex. 20:12)
You shall not murder (Ex.
20:13)
Rom. 1:29-32; 1 Pet. 4:15;
1 Jn. 3:15
You shall not commit
adultery (Ex. 20:140
Rom. 13:8-10; 1 Cor. 6:910; Heb. 13:4
91
The 10 Commandments
10 Commandments
The Gospel
You shall not steal (Ex.
20:15)
Eph. 4:28; 1 Pet. 4:15
You shall not bear false
witness (Ex. 20:16)
Eph. 4:25; Col. 3:9; Rev.
21:8
You shall not covet (Ex.
20:17)
Lk. 12:15; 1 Cor. 6:9-10;
Eph. 5:3-6; Col. 3:5-6
92
The Two Covenants
(2 Cor. 3:1-18)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Epistle in ink (3:3)
Epistle by the Spirit (3:3)
Tables of stone (3:3, 7; cf.
Ex. 31:18)
Tables of flesh (3:3)
Old covenant (3:14)
New covenant (3:6)
The letter (3:6)
The spirit (3:6)
Kills (3:6)
Gives life (3:6)
93
The Two Covenants
(2 Cor. 3:1-18)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Ministry of death (3:7)
Ministry of the spirit (3:8)
Was glorious (3:7)
Be more glorious (3:8)
Ministry of condemnation Ministry of righteousness
(3:9)
(3:9)
Had glory (3:9)
Exceeds in glory (3:9)
PASSING AWAY (3:11,
13)
Remains (3:11)
94
The Two Covenants
(2 Cor. 3:1-18)
Old Covenant
Was glorious (3:11)
Moses wore a veil (3:13)
Veil remains unlifted
(3:14-15)
New Covenant
Much more glorious
(3:11)
Great boldness of speech
(3:12)
Veil taken away in Christ
(3:14-15)
95
Exodus 34
• V. 1: “Lord said…Hew Two Tables of Stone…I Will Write Upon
These Tables”
• V. 4: “Moses…Went Up Unto Mt. Sinai…And Took…Two Tables Of
Stone
• V. 27: “Lord Said…Write These Words…I Have Made A Covenant
With…Israel
• V. 28: “He Wrote Upon The Tables The Words Of The Covenant,
The Ten Commandments”
• V. 29: “When Moses Came Down…With Two Tables Of
Testimony…His Face Shone”
• V. 32: “He Gave Them In Commandment All That The Lord Had
Spoken…In Mt. Sinai”
• V. 33: ‘He Put A Veil On His Face”
• V. 35: “Skin Of Moses’ Face Shone: And Moses Put The Veil
Upon His Face”
David Watts, Sr.
96
Which Tables Of Stone?
Ex. 34:29-30, 33-35: 29
Now it was so, when Moses came
down from Mount Sinai… that
Moses did not know that the
skin of his face shone while
he talked with Him. 30 So when
Aaron and all the children of
Israel saw Moses, behold, the
skin of his face shone…. 33
And when Moses had finished
speaking with them, he put a
veil on his face. …. 35And
whenever the children of Israel
saw the face of Moses, that the
skin of Moses’ face shone,
then Moses would put the veil
on his face again, until he went
in to speak with Him.
2 Cor. 3:7-8, 12-13: 7 But
if the ministry of death, written
and engraved on stones, was
glorious, so that the children of
Israel could not look steadily
at the face of Moses because
of the glory of his
countenance, which glory was
passing away, 8how will the
ministry of the Spirit not be
more glorious? …. 12 Therefore,
since we have such hope, we use
great boldness of speech— 13
unlike Moses, who put a veil
over his face so that the
children of Israel could not
look steadily at the end of
what was passing away.
97
The Promise & The Law
(Gal. 3:16-29)
Transgressions
(v. 19)
Seed
(v. 16)
“Till”
(v. 19)
430 years
Nation
Land
Seed
Gen. 12:1-3
Under Guard
(v. 23)
Tutor to bring to Christ
(v. 24)
No Longer
Under
Tutor
(v. 25)
98
Elements Of The Covenant
• Book (Ex. 24:7)
• Blood (Ex. 24:8)
• Words (Ex. 34:27-28)
• Tables (Dt. 9:9; Heb. 9:4)
• Ark (Dt. 31:26)
• Mediator (Gal. 3:19)
99
10 Commandments &
The Covenant
• Ex. 34:27-28: “And he wrote upon the
tables the words of the covenant, the
ten commandments.”
• Dt. 4:13: “And he declared unto you his
covenant, which he commanded you to
perform, even the ten commandments;
and he wrote them upon two tables of
stone.”
100
10 Commandments & The
Covenant
• Dt. 9:9-11: “When I was gone up
into the mount to receive the tables
of stone, even the tables of the
covenant which Jehovah made with
you....Jehovah gave me the two
tables of stone, even the tables of
the covenant.”
• 2 Chr. 6:11: “And there have I set
the ark, wherein is the covenant of
Jehovah, which he made with the
children of Israel.”
101
10 Commandments &
The Covenant
• 1 Ki. 8:9, 21: “There was nothing in the
ark save the two tables of stone which
Moses put there at Horeb, when Jehovah
made a covenant with the children of
Israel, when they came out of the land of
Egypt....And there have I set a place for
the ark, wherein is the covenant of
Jehovah, which he made with our
fathers, when he brought them out of the
land of Egypt.”
102
Two Laws
2 Ki. 21:8: and I
will not make the feet
of Israel wander
anymore from the land
which I gave their
fathers -- only if they
are careful to do
according to all that I
have commanded
them, and according to
all the law that My
servant Moses
commanded them.”
2 Chr. 33:8: and I
will not again remove
the foot of Israel from
the land which I have
appointed for your
fathers -- only if they
are careful to do all
that I have
commanded them,
according to the whole
law and the statutes
and the ordinances
by the hand of
Moses.”
103
Law Of God = Law Of Moses
God Gave
Moses Gave
The law of Moses (Ezra 7:6)
God’s Law (Neh. 10:29)
The book of the law of Moses
(Neh. 8:1)
The book of the law of the Lord
(2 Chr. 34:14)
104
Law Of God = Law Of Moses
• Ezra 7:6: 6 this Ezra came up from
Babylon; and he was a skilled scribe
in the Law of Moses, which the Lord
God of Israel had given….
• Ezra 7:12: 12 Artaxerxes, king of
kings, To Ezra the priest, a scribe of
the Law of the God of heaven:
Perfect peace, and so forth.
105
Law Of God = Law Of Moses
Luke 2:22-24, 27: 22 Now when the
days of her purification according to the law
of Moses were completed, they brought
Him to Jerusalem to present Him to the Lord
23 (as it is written in the law of the Lord,
“Every male who opens the womb shall be
called holy to the Lord” ), 24 and to offer a
sacrifice according to what is said in the law
of the Lord, “A pair of turtledoves or two
young pigeons.” ….27 And when the parents
brought in the Child Jesus, to do for Him
according to the custom of the law….”
106
Law Of God = Law Of Moses
• “The Book of the Law of
the Lord given by Moses”
(2 Chr. 34:14)
• “The words of the book
of the covenant” (2 Chr.
34:30)
• “The Book of the Law” (2
Chr. 34:15)
• “The words of the
covenant that were
written in this book” (2
Chr. 34:31)
• “The Law” (2 Chr. 34:19)
• “The book” (2 Chr. 34:21,
24)
• “The word of the Lord”
(2 Chr. 34:21)
• “This book” (2 Chr. 34:21)
• “The covenant of God” (2
Chr. 34:32)
• “The Book of Moses” (2
Chr. 35:12)
• “The Law of the Lord” (2
Chr. 35:26)
107
Law Of God = Law Of Moses
(Nehemiah 8)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
“The Book of the Law of Moses” (8:1)
“The Law” (8:2, 7)
“The Book of the Law” (8:3)
“The Book” (8:5)
“The Book in the Law of God” (8:8)
“The Words of the Law” (8:9, 13)
“The Words” (8:12)
“The Law which the Lord had
Commanded by Moses” (8:14)
“The Book of the Law of God” (8:18)
108
A Distinction Without
A Difference
Given By
God
Given By
Moses
Ex. 34:27
The Covenant
Dt. 29:1
Ezra 7:6; Lk.
2:23-24
The Law
Lk. 2:22
Ex. 31:18;
Mt. 15:4
10 Commandments
Mk. 7:10
"And they found written in the law which the Lord
had commanded by Moses...." (Neh 8:14)
109
The Law Of God & Moses
• The “law of God” contained
“ceremonial laws” (2 Chr. 31:3-4; Neh.
8:14, 18; Lk. 2:23-24)
• The “law of Moses” contained “moral
laws” (Ex. 22:21-22; Lev. 10:16-18; 19:137; Mt. 22:34-40)
• The law is called the “law of God,”
because He was the Author of it
• It is called the “law of Moses,” because
he was the mediator of it (Dt. 5:5; Gal.
3:19; Jn. 1:17)
110
• The Law Of God
• Ceremonial laws
• Burnt Offerings (2 Chr.
31:3)
• Rituals for cleanliness (Lk.
2:22-24)
• Feasts and new moons (2
Chr. 31:3)
• Feast of tabernacles (Neh.
8:8, 14).
• The Law Of Moses
• Ten Commandments
• Honor Father & Mother
(Mk. 7:10; Mt. 15:4)
111
Old Covenant Replaced
• Christ came to free the Jews from
the bondage of the law (Gal. 4:17)
• The old covenant has been cast out
(Gal. 4:21-31)
• The law of commandments contained
in ordinances has been abolished
(Eph. 2:11-18)
112
The Two Covenants
(Gal. 4:21-31)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Handmaid (4:22)
Freewoman (4:22)
Son by handmaid (4:23)
Son by freewoman (4:23)
Born through promise
Born after the flesh (4:23)
(4:23)
Covenant from Mt. Sinai
[Covenant from Mt. Zion]
(4:24)
(Heb. 12:22)
113
The Two Covenants
(Gal. 4:21-31)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Children unto bondage
(4:24)
Children of promise (4:28)
Hagar (4:24)
Our mother (4:26)
Jerusalem that now is
(4:25)
Jerusalem that is above
(4:26)
Bondage (4:25)
Free (4:26)
114
The Two Covenants
(Gal. 4:21-31)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Born after the flesh (4:29) Born after the Spirit (4:29)
Persecutor (4:29)
Persecuted (4:29)
CAST OUT the handmaid
and her son (4:30)
We are not children of a
handmaid (4:31)
Son of the freewoman
inherits (4:30)
We are children of the
freewoman (4:31)
115
Eph. 2:11-17
Without Christ
Aliens from Israel
Strangers
No hope
Without God
The Enmity
=
The Law
Gentiles
Jews
116
Eph. 2:11-17
Brought near
Made both one
One new man from two
Peace
Reconciled to God in one body
Access by one Spirit to the Father
Gentiles
&
Jews
117
Old Covenant Replaced
• The bond written in ordinances has
been nailed to the cross (Col. 2:1317)
• The change in the priesthood demanded
a change in the law (Heb. 7:11-14)
• The law of a carnal commandment has
been disannulled (Heb. 7:16-19)
• The law was a shadow of good things
to come (Heb. 8:4-5)
118
The Two Circumcisions
(Col. 2:11-12)
Literal Circumcision
Spiritual Circumcision
Made with hands (Eph.
2:11)
Made without hands
Outward, of the flesh
Inward, of the heart (Rom.
2:28-29; Phil. 3:2-3)
The foreskin (Lev. 12:3)
The body of the flesh
Circumcision of Abraham
and Moses
Circumcision of Christ
Dead Through Trespasses
Made alive
119
Handwriting Of Requirements
Is The Law Of Moses
•
This handwriting contained “ordinances” or
“requirements” (Col. 2:14)
•
The parallel passage (Eph. 2:14-18) points to the law
of Moses
•
Paul’s subsequent admonitions concern Jewish rituals
(Col. 2:16-17)
120
Parallel Passages
Col 2:13-15: 13And you,
being dead in your trespasses
and the uncircumcision of
your flesh, He has made alive
together with Him, having
forgiven you all trespasses,
14having wiped out the
handwriting of
requirements that was
against us, which was
contrary to us. And He has
taken it out of the way,
having nailed it to the
cross.
Eph 2:14-18: 14For He
Himself is our peace, who has
made both one, and has
broken down the middle wall
of separation, 15having
abolished in His flesh the
enmity, that is, the law of
commandments contained
in ordinances, so as to
create in Himself one new
man from the two, thus
making peace, 16and that He
might reconcile them both to
God in one body through the
cross, thereby putting to
death the enmity.
121
How Was The Law
Against Us?
• It required perfect obedience (Lev.
18:5; Dt. 27:26; Neh. 9:29; Ezek.
20:11, 13, 21; Rom. 10:5; Gal.
3:10-12)
• It was weak through the flesh
(Rom. 8:1-3)
• It could not provide true
forgiveness (Heb. 9:11-15; 10:14)
122
Inadequacy Of The Law
• Weak through the flesh (Rom. 8:3)
• Ministration of death and
condemnation (2 Cor. 3:7, 9)
• Brought a curse to those who didn’t
keep it (Gal. 3:10)
• Could not give life (Gal. 3:21)
• Separated Jew and Gentile (Eph.
2:14-16)
123
Inadequacy Of The Law
• Weak and unprofitable and made
nothing perfect (Heb. 7:18-19)
• Faulty (Heb. 8:7)
• Sacrifices could not make the
worshipper perfect (Heb. 9:6-10)
• Sacrifices could not take away sin
(Heb. 10:1-4, 11)
124
Why?
•
Circumcised with Christ’s circumcision (2:11)
•
Handwriting of ordinances wiped out and taken away
(2:14)
•
Principalities and powers disarmed (2:15)
•
Jewish rituals merely a shadow of things to come
(2:17; cf. Heb. 10:1)
125
Shadow Vs. Substance
“A shadow is less significant than
the object which causes it. A shadow is
temporary, lasting until the substance
arrives in view. A shadow is inferior in
that it imperfectly resembles the
object. No one prefers the shadow to
the substance. Thus the reality is of
more significance and value than the
shadow. The shadow is anticipatory.”
(Richard Melick, Jr., “Colossians,” NAC, 32:268)
126
Shadow & Substance
(Col. 2:16-17)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Physical Birth
New Birth (Jn. 3:3, 5)
Physical Circumcision
Spiritual Circumcision
(Rom. 2:28-29; Col. 2:1112)
Physical Nation
Holy Nation (1 Pet. 2:9)
Physical Temple
Spiritual Temple (Eph.
2:21-22; 1 Pet. 2:5)
127
Shadow & Substance
(Col. 2:16-17)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Physical Kingdom
Spiritual Kingdom (Jn.
18:36; Rom. 14:17)
Special Priesthood
Priesthood of All Believers
(1 Pet. 2:5, 9)
Animal Sacrifices
Living Sacrifices (Rom.
12:1-2)
Worship in Jerusalem
Worship in Spirit & Truth
(Jn. 4:22-24)
128
Shadow & Substance
(Col. 2:16-17)
Old Covenant
New Covenant
Blood of Animals
Blood of Christ (Heb.
9:11-14; 10:4)
Countless Sacrifices
(Heb. 10:1)
One Sacrifice (Heb. 9:28;
10:10, 12)
Could not Make Perfect
(Heb. 10:11)
Sanctified & Perfected
(Heb. 10:14)
129
Old Covenant Replaced
• The old covenant has been replaced by
a new covenant (Heb. 8:6-13)
• The first was taken away to establish
the second (Heb. 10:1-10)
• The old covenant has been removed
(Heb. 12:18-29)
130
For You Have Not Come To
Mt. Sinai
(Ex. 19:12-19; 20:18)
“18 …the mountain that may be touched
and that burned with fire, and to blackness
and darkness and tempest, 19and the sound
of a trumpet and the voice of words, so that
those who heard it begged that the word
should not be spoken to them anymore.
(Heb. 12:18-19)
131
But You Have Come To
“22 …Mount Zion and to the city of the
living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, to an
innumerable company of angels, 23to the
general assembly and church of the
firstborn who are registered in heaven, to
God the Judge of all, to the spirits of just
men made perfect, 24to Jesus the Mediator
of the new covenant, and to the blood of
sprinkling that speaks better things than
that of Abel. (Heb. 12:22-24)
132
Do Not Refuse
Him Who Speaks
“25See that you do not refuse Him who
speaks. For if they did not escape who
refused Him who spoke on earth, much
more shall we not escape if we turn away
from Him who speaks from heaven, 26whose
voice then shook the earth; but now He has
promised, saying, “Yet once more I shake
not only the earth, but also heaven.” (Heb.
12:25-26)
133
Do Not Refuse
Him Who Speaks
“27Now this, “Yet once more,” indicates
the removal of those things that are
being shaken, as of things that are made,
that the things which cannot be shaken
may remain. 28Therefore, since we are
receiving a kingdom which cannot be
shaken, let us have grace, by which we
may serve God acceptably with reverence
and godly fear. 29For our God is a consuming
fire.” (Heb. 12:27-29)
134
Sabbath Regulations
• No cooking (Ex. 16:23)
• No leaving the home (Ex. 16:29)
• No work done (Ex. 20:8-10; Dt.
5:12-14; Neh. 13:15)
• No burdens borne (Jer. 17:21-22)
• No fires kindled (Ex. 35:3)
135
Sabbath Regulations
• Two lambs sacrificed every Sabbath
(Num. 28:9-10)
• Shewbread prepared every Sabbath
(Lev. 24:5-9; 1 Chr. 9:32)
• No buying and selling (Neh. 10:31;
13:16-18)
• City gates locked (Neh. 13:19-22)
• Violators put to death (Ex. 31:1415; 35:2; Num. 15:32-36)
136
The Sabbath
Patriarchal Age
Mosaic Age
Christian Age
No command
to observe
Command to observe
(Ex. 20:8-11)
No command
to observe
No example
of observance
Example of
observance
No example
of observance
No penalty for
non-observance
Penalty for
non-observance
(Num. 15:32-36)
No penalty for
non-observance
137
Answering Sabbatarian Arguments
138
Sabbatarian Assumptions
• “Commandments” = 10
Commandments (cf. 1 Cor. 14:37)
• “Law” = Law of Moses (cf. 1 Cor.
9:20-21)
139
A Closer Look At Gen 2:3
KJV: And God blessed the seventh
day, and sanctified it: because that in it he
had rested from all his work which God
created and made.
Does It Say
Did God Bless
 “Would Rest”?
 Before He Rested?
 “Was Resting”?
 While He Was Resting?
 “Had Rested”?
 After He Had Rested?
Dt. 5:15; Ezek. 20:10-12; Neh. 9:13-14
David Watts, Sr.
140
Gen. 2:2-3 Does Not Say…
• The seventh day of creation week was
called “the Sabbath”
• God commanded Adam and Eve to
keep the Sabbath (cf. Neh. 9:13-14)
• God commanded anyone to keep
the Sabbath
• God sanctified the seventh day at that
time (Prolepsis: Gen. 3:20; 4:20; Mt.
10:4)
141
“Prolepsis”
• “ANTICIPATION: as a: the
representation or assumption of a
future act or development as if
presently existing or accomplished.”
(Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary)
•
Example: Jn. 11:1-2 & 12:1-5
142
God Sanctified The Sabbath
(Gen. 2:3)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tabernacle (Ex. 29:44)
Altar (Ex. 29:44)
Breast of wave offering (Ex. 29:27)
Passover (Joel 1:14)
Firstborn (Num. 8:17)
Solomon’s temple (2 Chr. 7:16)
143
Patriarchs Kept Sabbath
•
Passages do not mention the Sabbath or the
Ten Commandments
•
Sinai covenant not made with the fathers
(Dt. 5:2-3)
•
Sabbath made known at Sinai (Neh. 9:1314)
•
If patriarchs kept Sabbath, this does not
prove that Christian’s should keep it today
• Circumcision (Gen. 17:10-14; Gal. 6:15
• Animal sacrifices (Gen. 22:13; )
144
“Remember The Sabbath”
(Ex. 20:8)
•
God had already told the Israelites to
keep a Sabbath day (Ex. 16:23, 25-26,
29)
•
God told the Israelites to remember the
Passover (Ex. 13:3)
•
The Israelites could not have kept the
Passover before the Exodus
•
The Israelites were to remember both the
Passover and the Sabbath in the future
145
Sabbath Unto Jehovah
(Ex. 20:10)
Unto
Jehovah
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Animal sacrifice (Ex. 24:5)
Blood of atonement (Ex. 30:10)
Ransom money (Ex. 30:12)
Meat offering (Lev. 23:13)
Incense (Lev. 24:9)
Nazarite vow (Num. 6:2)
Drink offering (Num. 15:7)
Tribute of the spoil (Num. 31:28)
Should Christians Do These Things Today?
146
Sabbath Holy To The Lord
(Ex. 31:15)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Altar of incense (Ex. 30:10)
Wave offerings (Lev. 23:22)
Field released in Jubilee (Lev. 27:21)
Devoted offerings (Lev. 27:28)
Tithe (Lev. 27:30, 32)
Nazarite (Num. 6:8)
Levites (2 Chr. 35:3)
Male child (Lk. 2:23)
147
Sabbath Holy To The Lord
(Ex. 31:15)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Altar of incense (Ex. 30:10)
Wave offerings (Lev. 23:22)
Field released in Jubilee (Lev. 27:21)
Devoted offerings (Lev. 27:28)
Tithe (Lev. 27:30, 32)
Nazarite (Num. 6:8)
Levites (2 Chr. 35:3)
Male child (Lk. 2:23)
148
“Forever” Or “Everlasting
(owlam)
Gesenius: "(A) pr. what is hidden; specially
hidden time, long; the beginning or end of which is
either uncertain or else not defined; eternity,
perpetuity. It is used -- (1) of time long past,
antiquity ....(2) It more often refers to future time, in
such a manner, that what is called the terminus ad
quem, is always defined from the nature of the thing
itself. When it is applied to human affairs, and
specially -- (a) to individual men, it commonly
signifies all the days of life....Elsewhere -- (b) it
belongs to a whole race (dynasty), or people, and it
comprehends all the time until their destruction....(c)
the metaphysical idea of eternity” (Hebrew-Chaldee
Lexicon of the Old Testament, #5769, pp. 612-613)
149
“Forever” Or “Everlasting”
(owlam)
•
ISBE: “In the OT, the Heb word `olam is
used for ‘eternity,’ sometimes in the sense of
unlimited duration, sometimes in the sense
of a cycle or an age....” (Vol. 2, p. 1010)
•
Strong: “prop. concealed, i.e. the vanishing
point; gen. time out of mind (past or fut.),
i.e. (practically) eternity; freq. adv. (espec.
with prep. pref.) always....” (Hebrew And
Chaldee Dictionary, #5769, p. 86)
•
Young: “Age, age-lasting” (Young's Analytical
Concordance, p. 310)
150
“Forever” Or “Everlasting”
(owlam)
• John W. Haley: “...the Hebrew word
‘olam’ rendered ‘forever,’ does not imply
the metaphysical idea of absolute
endlessness, but a period of indefinite
length, as Rambach says, ‘a very long
time, the end of which is hidden from
us.’” (Alleged Discrepancies Of The Bible, p. 216)
151
“Forever Things” Can Cease
Forever
Gen. 17:11-14
Ex. 12:14
Ex. 29:9; 40:15;
Num. 25:13
Lev. 16:29, 31, 34;
23:31
Cease
Circumcision
Passover
Gal. 5:1-6; 6:15
Col. 2:16-17
Aaronic Priesthood Heb. 7:11-17
Day Of Atonement
Heb. 9:23-28;
10:1-12, 18
152
“Forever Things” Can Cease
Forever
Cease
Psa. 119:151-152,
160
Righteous
Ordinances
Gal. 3:24-25; Heb.
9:10
Gen. 13:14-17; 17:
7-8; 1 Chr. 16:1618; Psa. 105:9-11
Land
Possession
Dt. 28:45-46;
1 Chr. 28:9
Sabbath
Col. 2:16-17
Ex. 31:16-17
Psa. 78:69; Eccl.
1:4
Earth
2 Pet. 3:7, 10-12
153
“Throughout Your
Generations”
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Circumcision (Gen. 17:9-10; cf. Gal. 6:15)
Passover (Ex. 12:14, 42)
Daily Burnt Offering (Ex. 29:38-42)
Burning Incense (Ex. 30:7-9)
Day of Atonement (Ex. 30:10)
Anointing Oil (Ex. 30:31)
Pentecost (Lev. 23:15-21)
Feast of Tabernacles (Lev. 23:39-44)
Tassels on Garments (Num. 15:38)
Etc.
154
Perpetual Things
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Aaronic priesthood (Ex. 29:9)
Burning incense (Ex. 30:7-8)
Sabbath (Ex. 31:16)
Eating fat & blood (Lev. 3:17)
Shewbread (Lev. 24:5-9)
Levites common land (Lev. 25:34)
Water of purification (Num. 19:21)
155
Sabbath Kept By Gentiles
(Isa. 56:1-8)
•
Is salvation (56:1) under the Messiah or
under Cyrus? (cf. Isa. 41:2; 45:13; 46:13)
•
Instructions for:
•
Jews (56:2)
•
Eunuchs (56:3-5)
•
Gentile proselytes (56:3, 6)
•
“I will bring to My holy mountain” (56:7)
•
If this requires Sabbath keeping today, it
also requires animal sacrifices (56:7)
156
Isa. 56:7-8
• Son of the foreigner
• Join himself to the Lord
(55:3)
• Serve the Lord (55:6)
• Love the name of the Lord
(55:6)
• Be his servants (55:6)
• Keeps from defiling my
Sabbath (55:6)
• Holds fast my covenant
(55:6)
• Gentile proselytes to Judaism
• Bring to holy mountain
(56:7)
• Make them joyful in My
house of prayer (56:7)
• Burnt offerings and
sacrifices accepted (56:7)
• Be circumcised (Ex. 12:48)
• Keep Day of Atonement (Lev.
16:29)
• Keep Sabbath (Lev. 25:6)
• Offer burnt offering (Num.
15:4)
157
Trying To Proof Sabbath-Keeping
From Isaiah 66
• Assumptions:
•
“New Heavens & New Earth” Means The
Eternal State
•
“From One Sabbath To Another” Means
Observing Succeeding Sabbaths
•
“From One Sabbath” Means Sabbath
Observance Now, But “From One New Moon”
Doesn’t Mean New Moon Observance Now
• TOO MANY ASSUMPTIONS!
David Watts, Sr.
158
Jesus Didn’t Come To
Destroy The Law Or The
Prophets
• Jesus came to fulfill (Mt. 5:17)
• Nothing would pass away from the law till
all is fulfilled (Mt. 5:18)
• Jesus accomplished the work God sent
Him to do (Jn. 17:4)
• Therefore, Jesus fulfilled the law, and the
law could be destroyed
159
Jesus Didn’t Come To
Destroy The Law Or The
Prophets
• Jesus didn’t come to destroy the law or
the prophets till all is fulfilled (Mt. 5:1718)
• All has been fulfilled (Lk. 24:44-48; Jn.
19:28; Acts 3:18)
• Therefore, the law and the prophets have
been replaced (Gal. 3:19, 16, 23-25)
160
Jesus Didn’t Come To Destroy
The Law Or The Prophets
• Jesus didn’t come to destroy the law or
the prophets till all is fulfilled (Mt. 5:1718)
• The law and the prophets have been
replaced (Gal. 3:19, 16, 23-25)
• Therefore, all has been fulfilled (Lk.
24:44-48; Jn. 19:28; Acts 3:18)
161
Christians Keeping Sabbath
(Mt. 24:20; Mk. 13:18)
• Pray Flight Not In Winter
• Pray Flight Not On Sabbath
•
City shut down (Jer. 17:21-22)
•
City gates locked (Neh. 13:15-22)
•
No assistance from Jews
•
Danger from Jewish Zealots
•
Hesitancy among Jewish Christians (cf. Ex. 16:29;
Acts 1:12)
162
Mark 2:27-28
Mark 2:27
Tells
Mark 2:28
Tells
Why The Sabbath
Was Given Under
The Old Law
Christ’s Authority
Over The
Sabbath
Not
Whether The
Sabbath Is
Commanded
Under Christ’s
David Watts,
Sr.
New
Law
163
Law Holy, Just & Good
Rom. 7:12: Therefore the law is holy,
and the commandment holy and just and
good.
•
Was the ceremonial law holy, just, & good?
•
If No: A holy God gave an unholy law
•
If Yes: A holy law was replaced
David Watts, Sr.
164
Keep The Commandments
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mt. 19:17
Jn. 14:15, 21
Jn. 15:10
1 Cor. 7:19
1 Jn. 2:3, 4
1 Jn. 3:22, 24
1 Jn. 5:2, 3
Rev. 12:17
Rev. 14:12
Rev. 22:14
•
Assumes “commandments” =
ten commandments
•
God has other commandments
• 1 Cor. 14:37
• 1 Cor. 9:20-21
David Watts, Sr.
165
Keep Whole Law
(Jas. 2:10)
•
James quotes “ceremonial law” (Lev. 19:18; Jas. 2:8)
•
James doesn’t quote Sabbath command
•
“Law” is the “law of liberty” (Jas. 2:12)
•
Christians are not under the law of Moses but under
law to Christ (1 Cor. 9:20-21)
David Watts, Sr.
166
Jesus Kept The Sabbath
(Lk. 4:14-16)
•
•
•
•
Jesus lived under old covenant (Gal. 4:4)
We are not under old covenant today (Rom.
7:4, 6, 7)
Jesus also:
• Circumcised (Lk. 2:21)
• Kept Passover (Mt.26:17-25)
• Paid Temple Tax (Mt. 17:24-27)
• Offered Sacrifices (Lk. 2:22-24)
• Visited Jerusalem on Holy Days (Lk. 2:4147)
Should Christians today do all that Jesus did?
167
When Was Jesus Raised?
•
Tomb empty on first
day (Lk. 24:1)
•
Son of Man rise on
third day (Lk. 24:7)
•
Two disciples traveling
that same day (Lk.
24:13)
•
“Today is the third
day” (Lk. 24:21)
•
Christ rise the third
day (Lk. 24:46)
168
When Was Jesus Raised?
•
“Three days and three nights” (Mt.
12:40)
•
“The third day” (Mt.16:21; 17:23;
20:19; Mk. 9:31; 10:34; Lk. 9:22; 13:32;
18:33; 24:7, 46; 1 Cor. 15:4)
•
“In three days” (Mt. 26:61; Jn. 2:1921)
•
“On the third day” (Acts 10:40)
•
“After three days” (Mt. 27:63; Mk.
8:31)
169
How Long Was
Jesus In The Tomb?
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
“in three days”
(2:19-20)
“three days
and three
nights” (12:40)
“the third day”
(16:21)
“after three
days” (8:31)
“the third day”
(17:23)
“the third day”
(9:31)
“the third day”
(9:22)
170
How Long Was
Jesus In The Tomb?
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
“the third day”
(13:32)
“the third day”
(20:19)
“the third day”
(10:34)
“in three days”
(26:61)
“within three
days” (14:58)
“in three days”
(27:40)
“in three days”
(15:29)
“the third day”
(18:33)
171
How Long Was
Jesus In The Tomb?
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
“After three
days” (27:63)
“until the third
day” (27:64)
“the third day”
(24:7)
“the third day”
(24:21)
172
How Long Was
Jesus In The Tomb?
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
“the third day”
(24:46)
Other Passages
“on the third day” (Acts 10:40)
“the third day” (1 Cor. 15:4)
173
A Part Counted
As A Whole
•
The starving servant (1 Sam. 30:12-13)
•
Israel (1 Ki. 12:5, 12; 2 Chr. 10:5, 12)
•
Esther (Est. 4:16; 5:1)
•
The faithless Jews (Mt. 27:63-64)
•
Cornelius (Acts 10:3, 9, 23, 24, 30)
•
Eleazar ben Azariah [AD 100]: “A day and
night are an Onah [‘a portion of time’] and
the portion of an Onah is as the whole of it.”
(Jerusalem Talmud: Shabbath ix. 3)
174
Women Kept The Sabbath
(Lk. 23:56)
•
The law was nailed to the cross (Col.
2:14-17)
•
These women were following the only
law they knew
•
A testament becomes effective at the
death of the testator (Heb. 9:15-17)
•
One cannot follow the instructions of a will
until it is read
•
Jesus did not reveal all of His instructions
during His lifetime (Jn. 16:12-15)
175
Paul Kept The Sabbath
(Acts 13:14, 42, 44; 16:13; 17:2; 18:4)
• Paul was preaching on the Sabbath,
not keeping the Sabbath
• Paul was preaching to non-Christians
• If I preach on Monday, does that
mean that I keep Monday as a holy
day?
• Paul’s actions (1 Cor. 9:20-23)
• Paul’s teaching (Col. 2:14-17)
176
Jewish Christians & The
Law
•
Peter and John went to the temple at the
hour of prayer (Acts 3:1)
•
Paul had Timothy circumcised (Acts 16:13)
•
Paul cut his hair and took a vow in Cenchrea
(Acts 18:18)
•
Paul kept a Jewish feast in Jerusalem (Acts
18:21)
•
Paul wanted to be in Jerusalem for Pentecost
(Acts 20:16)
•
Paul sponsored four men who had taken a
vow (Acts 21:20-26; 24:18)
177
Gentile Christians & The
Law
• The NT clearly teaches that the old
covenant has been replaced
• Peter lived as a Gentile among Gentiles
(Gal. 2:11-14)
• The law was not to be bound on
Gentiles (Acts 15:19-21, 24, 28-29;
21:25; Col. 2:13-23)
• Paul became as a Jew to win Jews (1
Cor. 9:19-23)
178
Evidence For Roman Time
•
Luke was a Gentile, not a Jew (Col.
4:11-14)
•
Troas was a Gentile city, not a Jewish
city
•
Asia was a Gentile nation, not a
Jewish nation
•
If Gentile time was used, Paul did
what he intended to do (Acts 20:7b,
11)
179
Acts 20:7, 11
(Jewish Time: Sunset to Sunset)
Saints assemble

Paul preaches
Paul departs
 
Saturday 6:00 p.m.
1st Day Begins
Saturday 12:00 a.m.
1st Day Continues
Sunday 6:00 a.m.
1st Day Continues
Paul intended to depart on the morrow
Paul departed on the same day
180
Acts 20:7, 11
(Roman Time: Midnight to Midnight)
Saints assemble

Paul preaches
Paul departs
 
Sunday 6:00 p.m.
1st Day Continues
Monday 12:00 a.m.
2nd Day Begins
Monday 6:00 a.m.
2nd Day Continues
Paul intended to depart on the morrow
Paul departed on the morrow
181
“Scripture”
• The law of Moses, the prophets, and the
psalms (Lk. 24:44-45)
• Luke (1 Tim. 5:18 & Lk. 10:7)
• The epistles of Paul (2 Pet. 3:15-16)
Scripture is given by inspiration of God,
and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for
correction, for instruction in righteousness, 17that
the man of God may be complete, thoroughly
equipped for every good work. (2 Tim. 3:16-17)
16All
182
The Law
•
Genesis (1 Cor. 14:34;
•
The Pentateuch (Lk.
•
Exodus (Lk. 2:23; Rom.
•
Psalms (Jn. 10:34;
•
Leviticus (Mt. 22:36-
•
Isaiah (Jn. 12:34; Rom.
•
Ezekiel (Ezek. 37:25)
•
The ten
commandments
Gal. 4:21)
7:7)
40; Lk. 2:22, 24; 10:2627; Jn. 8:5; 19:7; Gal.
5:14; Heb. 10:8)
•
Numbers (Mt. 12:5;
•
Deuteronomy (Mt.
Heb. 7:5)
22:36-37; Lk. 10:26-27;
Jn. 8:5, 17; Rom. 7:7; 1
Cor. 9:8-9; Gal. 3:10;
Heb. 10:28; Jas. 2:9)
24:44)
12:34; 15:25; Rom. 3:919)
3:9-19; 1 Cor. 14:21)
(Rom. 7:7; Jas. 2:10-11)
183
“The Law”
BAGD: “4. of a collection of holy
writings precious to the Jews – a. in the
strict sense the law = the Pentateuch, the
work of Moses the lawgiver…. b. in the
wider sense = Holy Scripture gener., on the
principle that the most authoritative part
gives its name to the whole: J 10:34 (Ps
81:6); 12:34 (Ps 109:4; Is 9:6; Da 7:14);
15:25 (Ps 34:19; 68:5); 1 Cor 14:21 (Is
28:11f); Ro 3:19 (preceded by a cluster of
quotations fr Psalms and prophets). – Mt
5:18; Lk. 10:26; 16:17; J 7:49.” (543)
184
“The Law”
Joseph Thayer: “…by metonymy ho
nomos, the name of the more important
part (i.e. the Pentateuch), is put for the
entire collection of the sacred books of
the O.T.: Jn. vii. 49; x. 34 (Ps. lxxx.)
(lxxxii.) 6; Jn. xii. 34 (Ps. cix. (cx.) 4;
Dan. (Theodot.) ii. 44; vii. 14); Jn. xv. 25
(Ps. xxxiv. (xxxv.) 19; lxviii. (lxis.) 15;
Ro. iii. 19; 1 Co. xiv. 21 (Is. xxviii. 11 sq.;
so 2 Macc. ii. 18 where cf. Grimm)….”
(428)
185
“The Law”
W. E. Vine: “…(c) of the Mosaic Law,
the Law of Sinai…. (d) by metonymy, of
the books which contain the law, (1) of the
Pentateuch, e.g., Matt. 5:17; 12:5; Luke
16:16; 24:44; John 1:45; Rom. 3:21; Gal.
3:10; (2) of the Psalms, John 10:34;
15:25; of the Psalms, Isaiah, Ezekiel and
Daniel, 12:34; the Psalms and Isaiah, Rom.
3:19 (with vv. 10-18); Isaiah, 1 Cor.
14:21; from all this it may be inferred that
‘the law’ in the most comprehensive sense
was an alternative title to ‘The Scriptures.’”
(644)
186
A Sabbath-Rest Remains
(Heb. 4:9)
•
A promise, not a command (Heb. 4:1)
•
A promise for believers (Heb. 4:3)
•
A rest after the weekly Sabbath was
being observed under Joshua (Heb. 4:8)
•
A rest remaining (Heb. 4:1, 6, 9)
•
A rest when work has ceased (Heb. 4:10)
•
A rest to be entered (Heb. 4:11)
•
Heaven is a place of rest (cf. 2 Th. 1:7;
Rev. 7:14-17; 14:13)
187
God rested
Not Enter Rest
Sabbath
C
Gen. 2:2
M
Psa. 95:11
J
D
Ex. 20:8
Rest Remaining
Canaan
Josh. 1:15; 22:4
Heb. 4:9
Rev. 7:16-17; 14:13
188
A Sabbath-Rest Remains
(Heb. 4:9)
•
There remaineth therefore a rest to the
people of God. … Let us labour therefore to
enter that rest … (Heb 4:9, 11)
•
This sabbath rest is obviously in the
future
•
So will this occur on this coming
sabbath???
189
Christ’s New Covenant
•
Contains some requirements that were in the old
covenant
•
Contains some requirements that were not in the
old covenant
•
Does not contain a commandment to keep the
Sabbath
David Watts, Sr.
190
Extra Slides
191
The Apostleship Of Paul
• Saw the Lord (Acts 22:14-15; 26:1617; 1 Cor. 9:1)
• A unique case (1 Cor. 15:8-9)
• Apostle to the Gentiles (Rom.
11:13; Gal. 2:8-9; 2 Tim. 1:11)
• Equal to the other apostles (2 Cor.
11:5; 12:11)
• Revelation from Christ (1 Cor. 15:13; Gal. 1:11-12)
192
The Apostleship Of Paul
• Claimed apostleship in several
epistles (Rom. 1:1; 1 Cor. 1:1; 2 Cor.
1:1; Gal. 1:1; Eph. 1:1; Col. 1:1; 1
Tim. 1:1; 2 Tim. 1:1; Tit. 1:1)
• Performed the signs of an apostle
(Rom. 15:18-19; 2 Cor. 12:12)
• Taught the commandments of the
Lord (Acts 15:35; 1 Cor. 14:37; 1 Th.
2:13; 2 Th. 2:15)
193
The Apostleship Of Paul
• Epistles called “Scripture” (2 Pet.
3:15-16)
• Imparted miraculous power (Acts
19:1-6; Rom. 1:11; 2 Tim. 1:6)
• The last to see Christ (1 Cor. 15:8-9)
194
Questioning
Paul’s Apostleship
• Questions the testimony of:
•
Paul (1 Cor. 9:1)
•
Peter (2 Pet. 3:15-16)
•
Ananias (Acts 22:12-16)
•
Jesus (Acts 9:15-16; 26:15-18)
•
Luke
195
Purpose Of The Law
•
Brought knowledge of sin (Rom. 3:20)
•
Came in that trespass might abound (Rom.
5:20)
•
Made sin known (Rom. 7:7)
•
Highlighted sinfulness of sin (Rom. 7:12-13)
•
Schoolmaster to bring Jews to Christ (Gal.
3:24)
•
Carnal ordinances imposed until a time of
reformation (Heb. 9:10)
•
Shadow of the good things to come (Heb.
10:1)
196
The Value Of The OT
• Its creation account explains origins
(Gen. 1 & 2)
• Its history provides the background for
the NT
• Its revelation of God enlightens (Psa.
119:15, 27)
• Its prophecies confirm (Jn. 5:46-47;
Lk. 24:44-47; 2 Pet. 1:19)
197
The Value Of The OT
• Its principles instruct (Rom. 15:4; Dt.
25:4; 1 Cor. 9:7-12; 1 Tim. 5:17-18)
• Its examples warn and teach (1 Cor.
10:6, 11)
• Its types and shadows illuminate
(Heb. 10:1)
• Its message makes us wise unto
salvation (2 Tim. 3:14-15)
198
First Day Of Week
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Feast of Pentecost (Lev. 23:15-16)
Resurrection of Jesus (Lk. 24:1, 13, 21,
46)
Holy Spirit baptism on Pentecost (Acts
2:1-4)
Beginning of the church (Acts 2:41-42,
47)
Lord’s Supper observance in Troas (Acts
20:7)
Collection of the saints (1 Cor. 16:1-2)
John's vision of the Lord (Rev. 1:10-20)
199
For I am the LORD, I do not
• SDA Contention:
change; Therefore you are not
“God gave the
consumed, O sons of Jacob.
Sabbath; God
Malachi 3:6 (NKJV) doesn’t change;
therefore the
Sabbath is still
binding today!”