Chapter 7-4
Ethnicities
Key Issue: What is Ethnic
Cleansing?
I. WWII
• A) Forced Migration
• B) Genocide
• C) Post WWII
Map After WWII
II. 1990’s
• A) New Conflicts Between Ethnic Groups
• B) Ethnic Cleansing – process in which a
more powerful ethnic group forcibly
removes a less powerful one in order to
create an ethnically homogeneous region.
• C) Plain Language:
III. Ethnic Cleansing in Yugoslavia
• A) Balkan Peninsula
Includes the countries
of Albania, Bulgaria,
Greece, Romania
and what was
Yugoslavia.
(whole area –
about the size
of Texas)
• B) WWI
Former Yugoslavia
C) Under Jesep Tito (1953-1980)
• Nationalistic Motto:
“Yugloslavia has 7 neighbors, 6 republics,
5 nationalities, 4 languages, 3 religions,
2 alphabets and 1 dinar!”
Refers to:
• 7 neighbors: Austria, Greece, Italy, Albania, Bulgaria,
Hungary, Romania
• 6 republics: country divided into these regions that had
a log of local autonomy
• 5 nationalities: former pre-WWI nationalities
• 4 languages: Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovenian
• 3 major religions: Roman Catholic (North), Eastern
Orthodox (East) and Islam (South
• 2 alphabets – Croatian & Slovenian are in Roman
Alphabet. Macedonian & Serbian are in Cyrillic
Alphabet
• 1 dinar – National unit of currency (money)
Economic interests & dictator united Yugoslavia
D) Destruction of Yugoslavia as a
country
– 1) Tito’s Death (late 1980’s)
– 2) Source of Conflict
– 3) Bosnia
– Very Multiethnic
Serbs wanted to unite with Serbia
Croats wanted to unite with Croatia
Ethnic Muslims (40%) caught in the middle
Vocabulary Note:
• Centripetal Force –
•
vs.
• Centrifugal Force -
Pull together
Force apart
What happened in Yugoslavia with these
forces?
Map of Bosnia
E) Kosovo
1999 – almost ½ of 2 million Albanians were
refugees forced to flee by Serbs
Vocab – Chapter 1! What is this
called?
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)
F) End of Yugoslavia(2008)
G) Balkanization
• Definition: the process by which a state
breaks down through conflicts among its
ethnicities
• State
• Smaller State
•
Smaller State
•
Smaller State
•
Smaller State
The End!
CAN YOU SAY “HOMEWORK?”
• Read and take notes on:
• I. Pg 255(247) – Ethnic Cleansing in Central
Africa
• II. Pg 226(220) Case Study
pg 256-257(250) Case Study Revisted
III. Pg 257(250) – Study the map of Africa.
Looking at this map, answer this question:
“Why does there continue to be so much ethnic
conflict in Africa?”
*New Edition