Ethnic Violence Questions
Read Ethnicity chapter in Rubenstien-Answer the following questions on a right page
Ethiopia and Eritrea:
1. During what years was there a civil war in which Eritreans fought for independence from Ethiopia? What was the outcome
of the war?
2.
Why did war flare up again in 1998?
Sudan:
1. What are the two sides in the Civil War that has raged since the 1980s?
2.
Describe Sudanese laws to segregate the sexes:
3.
According to estimates, how many have died in the conflict? How many refugees?
Somalia:
1. How many clans or ethnic groups does Somalia have?
2.
When the gov’t collapsed the clans broke out in warfare to gain power. By 1992, how many had died from warfare/famine?
3.
What was the U.S. reaction?
Lebanon:
1. What is Lebanon’s religious breakdown?
2.
Who is Hezbollah?
3.
Civil war broke out in 1975. What happened to U.S. marines who were sent in to help restore peace?
S. Asia (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh)
1. In what unusual way was S. Asia divided when India ended its colonial rule in 1947
2.
The people living in India were predominantly ________________ and the people living in the two Pakistans were
predominantly ____________________.
3.
With the split approximately ______ million people migrated who were caught on the “wrong side of the boundary.”
4.
Since the divide, India and Pakistan have had a border dispute over the region of __________________.
5.
East Pakistan became the independent state of ________________ in ____________.
6.
Within modern day India religious unrest continues with India’s _______ million Sikhs who occupy the state of
_____________________. Sikhs want more control over Punjab or even complete independence from India.
Sri Lanka:
1. Fighting in Sri Lanka has taken place since __________ and an estimated _______________ have died.
2.
The Sinhalese make up _____% of the population. They occupy the __________ regions of the island and practice the
religion of ____________________.
3.
The Tamils make up _______ % of the population. They occupy the _____________ region of the island and practice the
religion of ____________________.
4.
Why do the two groups not get along?
The creation and destruction of Yugoslavia:
1. How did ethnic conflict in the Balkan Peninsula spark WW I in 1914?
2.
Yugoslavia was created from the Austro-Hungarian Empire after WW I. The 5 major ethnic groups that were brought
together into Yugoslavia included:
3.
Different ethnicities were brought together under a Yugoslav identity under the strong leadership of Communist,
____________________ who governed the country from _______ until ________. Yugoslavia splintered in the 1990s into
the independent nations of : (list 4)
4.
What was the ethnic breakdown of the newly independent Bosnia and Herzegovina? How and why did the Serbs and Croats
in this area engage in ethnic cleansing?
5.
In the late 1990s Serbia and Montenegro sought to ethnically cleanse ethnic _________________ from the province of
_________________.
6.
What has the term “Balkanization” come to mean?
Rwanda and Burundi:
1. Who were the 2 ethnic groups who fought in Rwanda and Burundi?
2.
How did German and Belgian colonial administrators reinforce the differences between the two groups?
3.
How did the killings and ethnic cleansing in Rwanda and Burundi spill over into neighboring Central African countries?