The Civil Rights Movement
People of the Movement
Events of the Movement
Groups of the Movement
Legislation of the Movement
People of the Movement
*Head of SCLC
*Organized bus boycott
*Involved in Selma
marches
*Believed in nonviolent
protest
Martin Luther King, Jr.
*Received Nobel Peace
Prize in 1964
*Assassinated in 1968
Georgia governor
(1967-1971)
Believed in
segregation
Fought federal civil
rights efforts
Encouraged people to
have children enroll in
private school rather
than integrate
Lester Maddox
Ended up appointing
more blacks than
other governors
Georgia governor
who won in
special election
after 3 governors
controversy
Herman Talmadge
Most of his legacy
in education
Mentor and
teacher to MLK
President of
Morehouse
College
Believed in
nonviolence, went
to India and met
Ghandi
Benjamin Mays
Head NAACP
lawyer with key
victories
NAACP lawyer in
Brown case
Thurgood Marshall
First black justice
of Supreme
Court
First two blacks
admitted to the
University of GA
GA Governor
Vandiver supported
the decision of
them entering,
although he ran
being against
integration
Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes
Both went on to
successful careers:
Holmes became a
doctor and Hunter
a journalist
1st black mayor
of major
Southern city
1st black mayor
of Atlanta
in 1973
Maynard Jackson
Andrew Young
-Served in U.S.
Congress
-Ambassador to
the United
Nations
-Elected mayor
of Atlanta 1982
-Helped Atlanta
win bid for 1996
Olympics
Events of the Movement
Began when Rosa
Parks refused to
give up her seat
on the bus
Led by MLK Jr.
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Boycotted bus
system for over a
year
-Began when elected
Gov. Eugene Talmadge
died before taking
office
-Supreme Ct. ruled
newly elected Lt. Gov.
Thompson was
governor, but special
election would be held
Three Governors Controversy
-Herman Talmadge
then elected (who
legislature wanted as
gov.)
-Led by Dr.
William Anderson
-Massive boycotts
and sit-ins at
major department
stores and
restaurants
Albany Movement
-Not much media
attention,
movement
collapses
-High point of
intensive voter
registration project
-Also called
Mississippi Summer
Project-sent 1000
volunteers to register
and teach civics to
blacks
Freedom Summer
-June 1964, mainly
because Mississippi
had almost NO black
voters
-The Selma to
Montgomery
marches were three
marches in 1965
-Wanted voting right
movement in Selma
-Many prominent
leaders including
Martin Luther King,
Jr.
Selma Marches
-Largest political
protest rally
-Goal to convince
President to sign
Civil Rights Bill
-More than
200,000 people
March on Washington
-MLK Jr. gave “I
have a dream”
speech
Groups of Movement
Goal was to
organize
students on
campuses
One of most
active groups
in movement
SNCC
Involved in
nearly every
major peaceful
campaign
Formed in
Georgia
Goal to
discover how
people felt
about
integration
Sibley Commission
Found people
would rather
close schools
than integrate
Congress of
Racial Equality
Formed in 1940’s
to help end
segregation in the
North
CORE
Worked with
other groups like
the SNCC, SCLC,
and NAACP
towards
nonviolent
protest
Formed by
W.E.B. DuBois
and several
white
northerners
Goal to
achieve legal
victories for
blacks
NAACP
Greatest
victory Brown
decision
Southern
Christian
Leadership
Conference
Founded in 1957
by MLK
Leaders preached
love and
nonviolence
SCLC
Important role in
many campaigns
1957 to 1965
Legislation of the Movement
Supreme Court
decision that
desegregated
public school in
1954
Brown v. Board of Education
NAACP chief
lawyer Thurgood
Marshall argued
the case
Unanimous ruling
from Warren
Court
1956 new GA flag
approved
After Brown
decision, some saw
it as protest of
desegregation
Others said it
reflected heritage
Georgia 1956 flag
Changed in 2001
and then again in
2003
Signed by Lyndon
Johnson…tougher
bill than JFK
proposed
Civil Rights Act 1964
Outlawed
discrimination and
segregation based
on race, nationality,
and gender
Response to
Selma marches
Designed to
safeguard blacks
right to vote
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Outlawed literacy
tests (poll taxes
outlawed in 24th
amendment in
1964)