Please do not talk at this time
Feb 3-4
HW:
Notebooks Due Tues 2/10. Test 2/10
Menelik II and Mongkut Comparison Chart Due Thurs.
Drug Money:
Notebook Pg. 61A
Please write the question and your answer:
 Why do you think that many drugs are illegal
in the US ? Why do you think that you need a
doctor’s prescription for many drugs?
 Imagine that the Columbian Government
began to smuggle tons of Cocaine into the
US and sold it really cheap. Would this cause
problems for people? Would the US
government be unhappy about it? Why?
European Imperialism in China
War and Disgrace
By Sophia Caramagno
MVHS- Mountain View, CA
Please take these notes on the Handout and
attach them to your chart before turning it
in.
The Canton system of Trade: Canton
as the gateway to Chinese trade
Europeans were desperate
to trade with China, but
bad relations had caused
the Chinese to pass laws
saying the Europeans
could only trade with one
city, Canton.
The Chinese would sell goods to Europe, but would only accept silver
and gold in exchange. They found European goods to be inferior to their
own. Europe, especially England, was losing money fast!
Trade with China: Tea, Porcelain, Silk
Qianlong meets George McCartney: A
clash of Two worlds
These two men came from such
different worlds and cultures that
understanding between them
was impossible. Both were
Horribly insulted by the actions
of the other. Neither understood
why the other was getting upset.
Emperor
Qianlong
Ruler of China
Both considered their country to
be the BEST country in the
world, and their culture the BEST
culture in the world. Both men
wanted the other to acknowledge
their country’s superiority first.
George McCartney
Trade Ambassador
for Great Britain
When Diplomacy Failed…
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McCartney was thrown out of the Chinese court
in disgrace for grave insults to the Emperor (he
refused to bow to him, because he felt as a
representative of the King of England, he was
the equal of the Chinese Emperor.)
English turn to drug dealing instead to make their
money illegally, since they can’t trade legally.
Their Drug of choice: Opium
Selling Opium to the Chinese…
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Motivation: the British
thirst for tea and trade
Destabilization:
Payment in silver as
China wanted nothing
the British produced
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Problem: Imbalance
in trade
Solution: Illegal
importation of Opium
into China
Why would Europeans and
Americans turn to selling drugs
in China that were illegal in their
own countries? How would they
have Justified their actions?
Soon…
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Vast sections of the
Chinese coastal population
are addicted to Opium.
Addicts will do anything to
get their next fix (opium
isn’t just addictive, once on
the drug, death will result if
you quit)
From government officials
to peasant workers, China
is overwhelmed by a drug
plague.
Commissioner Lin and the Successful
Suppression of Opium
Commissioner Lin is put in charge of solving the
problem by the Chinese Government. He is
given great power and authority and uses it to
outlaw all opium. The Chinese could no longer:
Transport opium
Sell opium
Have opium
Use opium
On Pain Of Death!
He even wrote a letter to
Queen Victoria, asking
her to be reasonable.
Commissioner Lin
Burning Opium in the fields
The Opium War: “The most
disreputable War Britain ever fought”
-Gladstone
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Lin seizes all the Opium in
China and has it thrown into
the sea or destroyed.
The British lose millions of
dollars in drugs overnight.
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The British know they have
better ships and better
technology than the Chinese.
They attack the Chinese and
start the Opium War.
China loses the war: outgunned and
with backward technology
British ships are fast, well armed and armored.
Chinese ships are slow and poorly armed.
The Treaty of Nanjing: 1842: First
Unequal Treaty
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The British won the First Opium War.
China ceded Island of Hong Kong in perpetuity
They open 5 ports to trade: Guangzhou (Canton), Xiamen
(Amoy), Foochow (Fuzhou), Ningpo (Ningbo), Shanghai.
China paid 21 Million dollars
reparations
They grant Extraterritoriality- British
Law for British citizens in China
And the Most Favored Nation ClauseFirst trade rights guaranteed to the
British.
Later, in 1844, France and the USA
gain similar rights in China.
The Opium was a dishonorable war.
Americans and Europeans were no
better than armed drug dealers. And
yet, they get everything they want.
Anticipate: How China will respond
to the greedy violence of the
Europeans and Americans?
Second Opium War: Causes
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Desire for free trade
Desire to travel in interior
Desire for missionary activity
Desire for legalization of
opium
Desire for diplomatic
relations
The Chinese lose Again. This time Britain has
even better technology, better trained soldiers and
a country not torn apart by internal fighting.
Treaties of Tianjin and Aigun
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Europeans given the right to establish embassies
(thus small pieces of their own countries) in Beijing
Opium legalized
10 cities opened for trade and residence
Foreign ships navigate freely on Yangtze river
Foreigners right to travel, trade, and preach
Christianity in China
6 million dollar indemnity (a kind of fine for losing)
In later treaties, Russia and the USA got similar
privileges.
Destruction of the Summer Palace
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British soldiers sack the summer palace.
Foreigners earn little
love in China with
their behavior and
sporadic fighting
and resistance on
the part of the
Chinese continues.
Convention of Beijing: second unequal
treaty 1860
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Confirm Tianjin Treaty
Cede Kowloon to Britain
Open Tianjin as treaty port
Chinese laborers allowed
to emigrate overseas
(meaning they can go to
California as virtual slave
labor to build our transcontinental railroad for
pennies.)
Based on this cartoon, how do
you think China will react to
this new unfair treaty?
Rebellions: Taiping, Nian, Muslim:
1850-1878
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Internal fighting between Chinese factions who
blame each other for China’s problems
Enormous political instability within China
Transfer of power from center to provinces
Weakening of Central government
Western Imperialism continues unstopped
Chinese youth begin to desire great and lasting
change
Sense of doom grows among young people who
see no hope for Chinese independence
Emperess Cixi
and the Maintenance of Power
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Took over government for her 6
year old son
Restored some political stability
Did business by granting and
calling in favors, so corruption is a
problem
Relied on personal friendships
Encouraged secret societies like
the Boxers to stand up to the
Foreigners
Boxer Rebellion:
Expel the Foreigners!
The British and other
foreigners settle in
enclaves (protected
neighborhoods) in the big
trade cities like Peking.
Within the boundaries of
these embassies,
foreigners live under their
own laws, follow their own
customs and totally ignore
Chinese ways.
When the Boxers strike,
they hit the British in their
homes.
The Boxer Rebellion
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With the support of Cixi, members of the
Righteous and Harmonious Fists, attacked
the European settlements in China.
These people were known to the Europeans
as Boxers because they practiced a boxing
style martial art which they claimed made
them impervious (protected from) to bullets.
Most Boxers were peasants or urban thugs,
but they succeeded in attacking the British,
French, Japanese and Americans in China,
burning their homes and killing men,
women and children whenever they could.
They also killed Christian Chinese.
They hoped to make China too
uncomfortable for foreigners to stay there.
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The Europeans, Japanese and Americans send a rescue force as
soon as they hear what is going on.
This international force seizes Chinese ports and marches on Peking
where a siege is taking place.
Furious, Cixi orders all foreigners in China killed. The Boxers do
their best. The German Minister is assassinated.
The international army, 19,000 strong, took Peking, crushed the
Boxer Rebellion and forced the Empress into hiding.
Why did the Boxer Rebellion fail?
Explain using details.
After the War: The Peace of Peking
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Chinese lose the fight.
The International Force
dictates the peace. China
is humiliated by terms of
the peace agreement.
China’s coastal forts are
dismantled.
The government is forced
to pay heavy fines.
All treaties are
renegotiated in favor of the
foreigners.
The Result:
 Chinese turn to intense
Nationalism to save their
country.
 Anti foreign feeling grows
(China has not forgotten her
humiliation even today)
 Chi’ing Dynasty collapses
 Sun Yat Sen and his
Revolutionaries come to
power and end 2000 years of
Imperial rule in China.
Sun Yat-sen and the Revolution of 1912
Sun’s Three Principles of the People: San
Min Zhu Yi
 Nationalism: Min Zu- Let China not be
at the mercy of Foreigners
 Democracy: Min Quan- Let the people
rule by the vote
 Socialism (people’s welfare): Min
Sheng- Let the wealth of China be
distributed more equally and kept for the
Chinese people
Sun’s Ideas Point to the Future
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Sun Yat Sen develops a plan to teach the
Chinese how to be a Democracy.
This is the first instance of a Cultivated
Democracy in Asia.
Sun Yat Sen loses power before he can
implement his plan.
Still, his ideas shape the leaders that come after
him and affect the rise of the Communist Party in
China in the 30’s.
APPARTS- Letter to Queen Victoria
Pg. 59A
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Use APPARTS to analyze this letter to
Queen Victoria about the Opium Trade in
China.
Significance Question: What does Lin’s
Letter reveal about China’s attitudes toward
foreigners and Western influence?
Comparison Chart- Menelik II
and Monkut
Pg. 62A
As you read, fill in the chart comparing the two men. Then on the back
answer: What qualities made these men successful in keeping their
lands safe from Europeans?
Please set up your paper like this:
Menelik II
Mongkut
Both
Please do not talk at this time
HW:
Test on Imperialism 2/10,
Notebook due 2/10, Projects due 2/9
Feb 5
Please Review your Venn Diagram on Menelik and Monkut, then add
your info to the Venn Diagram on the board
Menelik II
Mongkut
Both
What qualities made these men successful
in keeping their lands safe from Europeans?
Imperialism Project Work Day
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Get a packet on Imperialism somewhere in
the world.
Use the info in the packet and your book to
complete your assignment.
All packet information is online as well in the
folder marked, Imperialism Project.
Please do not talk at this time
HW:
Test on Imperialism 2/10,
Notebook due 2/10, Projects due 2/9
Feb 6
Imperialism Project Work Day



Get a packet on Imperialism somewhere in
the world.
Use the info in the packet and your book to
complete your assignment.
All packet information is online as well in the
folder marked, Imperialism Project.
Please do not talk at this time
HW:
Test on Imperialism 2/10,
Notebook due 2/10,
Feb 9
Imperialism Project Day!
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Make sure your name and your partner’s name
are on your work. Next to your name, write
what you did on the project.
Please turn in your project (to the turn in box
for the Editorials) on the wall for the Collages.
Get a Imperialism test Study Guide Bingo
Game Card. How many of these questions
can you answer?
Test Review Bingo
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Sign your own name on the free space.
Get other people who can answer the review questions
to sign the box of the question they can answer (Signers:
you will be called on to give the answer, so be ready)
Make sure you can read the name so you can call on
them later.
Sign other people’s cards.
You may only have each person sign their name once.
Try to get BINGO (5 in a row)
Totally stuck? Books and notes are allowed for this
activity.