PLANT PROPAGATION
IAFNR Plant and Soil Sciences Module
PLANT REPRODUCTION
 Sexual Reproduction in Plants
 Requires that
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Flowers form (complete flowers)
Pollination and Fertilization occurs
Seeds develop
Seeds grow into new plants
 Flower Induction
 Flower functions to attract pollinators
 Produces gametes (sex cells)
 Sepals and petals appear large and
colorful
Which of the two
(pistil or stamen) is
the female part of
the flower?
Image retrieved from:
http://www.sciencepartners.info/?page_id=862
POLLINATION & FERTILIZATION
Pollination
 Transfer of pollen from anther to
stigma
 Many agents for transporting
pollen
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Wind
Insects
Birds
Bats
 Self Pollination- when the pollen is
transferred to the stigma of the
same flower
 Can be natural or accompanied by
humans
Fertilization
 After pollination a cell from the pollen
grain travels through the style to the
ovary
 Fertilization- the union of the
gametes from the pollen and the
ovary of the plant
 After fertilization, the fruit and seeds
are created and begin developing
Image retrieved from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wi
ki/Pollen_tube
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
 Ensures that the new plants will be
identical to their parents
 Also used to dwarf plant or to maintain
desirable traits
 8 Common types of asexual
reproduction
 Cuttings
 Grafting
 Budding
 Layering
 Separating
Image retrieved from:
http://www.saburchill.com/an
s02/chapters/chap052.html
CUTTING
 Most common method of asexual reproduction
 Portion of a plant is removed and made to form roots
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Stem Cuttings
Tip Cuttings
Medial Cuttings
Single or Double Eye
Heel Cutting
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Image retrieved from:
http://ahualoa.net/tea/cuttings.html
GRAFTING
 Join plant parts so they will grow as
one plant
 Four conditions must be met for
successful grafting
Image retrieved from:
http://www.gardeningknow
how.com/edible/fruits/lime/l
ime-tree-grafting-buddinglime-trees-topropagate.htm
 Scion and rootstock must be
compatible
 Each must be at the proper
physiological stage
 Cambial layers of the scion and stock
must meet
 Graft union must be kept moist until
the wound has healed.
BUDDING
 Union of bud and a small piece of bark
from the scion with a rootstock
 Faster, forms a stinger union than
grafting
 Kinds of budding
 Patch budding
 Chip budding
 T-Budding
Image retrieved from:
http://www.agribusiness.ac.nz/inde
x.php?ccId=8&cid=1&pageLoad=14
LAYERING
 Stems attached to their parent plant
form roots where they touch the soil
 This rooted stem becomes a new plant
 Method has high success rate
 Prevents water stress and carbohydrate
shortage
 Types of Layering
Image retrieved from:
http://www.pinterest.com/pi
n/308285536962327262/?z=1
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Tip layering
Simple Layering
Compound Layering
Mound Layering
Air Layering
SEPARATING AND DIVISION
Separation
 Propagation form when plants that
produce bulbs
 Bulbs
 New bulbs form beside the originally
planted bulb
 Separate bulb clumps every 3-5 years
Division
 Plants with more than one rooted
crown can be divided and planted
separately
 Potatoes are propagated by division
 Generally pulled apart and replanted
immediately
 Dig after leaves have withered
Image retrieved
from:
http://thesharinggar
dens.blogspot.com/
2012/02/can-ispeed-up-potatosprouting.html
REFERENCES
 Parker, R. (2010). Plant and Soil Science: Fundamentals and Applications. Clifton
Park, NY: Delmar.