DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Suresh K
PGP II
Agenda
Issues concerning developing countries and corresponding low-cost solutions
 Sanitation
 Water
 Health
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
BioLet's Composting Toilet
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Won gold medal - International Inventors'
Exhibition in Geneva
No water, no sewer and no chemicals
No odors - designed so that there is a
constant air flow into the toilet
The compost - 9 times fewer fecal
coliform bacteria than from other
composting toilets - safer to handle
The compost could be used as a manure
for non-food vegetation
BioLets can be installed anywhere - you
don't need a water hook up
BioLet toilets do not require any pumping
or outside holding tank
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
BioLet's Composting Toilet
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DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Seen more as a green product – places
where there is severe shortage of water
Dignity Toilet
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Dignity Toilet (contd…)
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Cooler Solutions’- won international design competition - International
HIDO (Humanitarian International Design Organization) Design Award
Portable sanitation solution - refugee camps, developing countries.
Solid waste storage and disposal system for locations where a sanitation
infrastructure does not exist
Addresses sanitation compliance, health and personal dignity
Sanitary storage for solid waste for four people for approximately 7 – 10 days
The toilet is removed from its dock - manually augered into the soil where it
evacuates its contents, mixes the waste with soil and buries it in the ground
for decomposition
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Dignity Toilet (specifications)
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Roto-molded poly-propylene is
low cost, structural and very
durable
Molded in seal ensures sanitary, air
tight storage
Carry strap is comfortable and
makes transport easy
Molded in grips for augering
Two way thread ejects plug,
scrapes threads and mixes soil into
the waste
Mulching agitator mixes soil with
waste for quick break down
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Dignity Toilet (contd…)
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Aquaduct
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Aquaduct designed by IDEO - Innovate or Die contest hosted by Google and
Specialized
Aimed at helping people in the developing world who have to make long
journeys to collect water, which is often unsafe to drink
Large water tank mounted over the rear axles. Pedalling draws water through
a filter to a second, removable, tank mounted in front of the handlebars
Rider pedals - a pump attached to the pedal crank draws water from a large
tank, through a carbon filter, to a smaller clean tank.
A clutch engages and disengages the drive belt from the pedal crank, enabling
the rider to filter the water while traveling or while stationary.
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Aquaduct (contd…)
•This could be modified by decoupling
the 2 functions
•Stationary pedalling – filters water
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Ceramic Water Purifier
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Potters for Peace has been assisting in the production
worldwide of a low-tech, low-cost, colloidal silver-enhanced
ceramic water purifier
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Field experience - eliminates approximately 99.88% of most
water born disease agents
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11” wide by 10” deep - mix of local terra-cotta clay and
sawdust or other combustible, such as rice husks.
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Press - hand-operated hydraulic truck jack and two-piece
aluminum mold. Combustible ingredient burns out in the
firing leaving a network of fine pores
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After firing the filter is coated with colloidal silver. This combination of fine pore
size, and the bactericidal properties of colloidal silver produce an effective filter
For use the fired, treated filter element is placed in a five gallon plastic or ceramic
receptacle with a lid and faucet.
Basic shop with three or four workers can produce about fifty filters a day
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DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Solar Bottle
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Winner of a 2007 INDEX award
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Uses simple solar technology to purify dirty
drinking water and prevent water-born diseases
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Principle is SODIS (Solar Water Disinfection)
process - works with the sun to allow UV-A
radiation and increased temperature to destroy
pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water
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The slim PET container holds 4 liters of water
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UV-A exposure and thermal gain are maximized
with a bi-color blown injection molding that creates
both a transparent side and a dark, heat-absorbing
side
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
LifeStraw
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Vestergaard Frandsen – private company in public health
Outer shell made of high impact polystyrene
Effective against waterborne bacteria and viruses
Halogenated resin elutes active halogen into influent water for inactivation of bacteria
Strong base anion exchange resin adsorbs negatively-charged halogen residuals
Granular activated carbon (silver-impregnated) adsorbs residual active halogen
Minimum 700 litres or 1 year
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
LifeStraw
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Testing - reduces bacteria such as E.
faecalis and E. coli by at least
99.9999% and viruses by about 99.8%
Highly efficacious performance to
meet US EPA and NSF International
requirements for bacteria reduction.
The magnitude of virus reduction
would appreciably reduce human
exposure to waterborne viruses by 99%
Safety
 Residual silver levels: below
WHO guideline value and the US
EPA MCL of 100 ppb
 Residual iodine levels: nonexistent/ within WHO limits
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Incubator for the Developing world
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4 million infants per year die in the
developing world, in part because of
the lack and reliability of pediatric
incubator.
Design that Matters -develops products
for developing countries
Incubator using parts from Toyota
trucks
Car parts-cheap and easy to find in
developing countries
Car headlights provide heat
AC fan moves warmed air around the
chamber
Motorcycle battery for backup power
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Incubator for the Developing world
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
PermaNet
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Vestergaard Frandsen – private company in public health
Malaria affects huge percentage of population in the tropical countries
Ready-to-use mosquito bed net - impregnated with an odourless and
biodegradable insecticide called deltamethrin that is mixed in a resin, coating
the netting fibres
A progressive release of insecticide from the resin guarantees retention of the
net's efficacy even after 20 washes
This bed net requires no re-treatment or dipping and a dirt repellent feature
has been added to keep it clean longer.
PermaNet has a WHOPES (World Health Organization Pesticide Evaluation
Scheme) recommendation, which declares it safe and effective for the
prevention and control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases.
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Using solar energy to prevent malaria
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InnoCentive, Inc., SunNight Solar- funding from Rockfeller foundation
Concept - Leverage the power of the sun to prevent malaria
Comprises a small, cone-shaped mosquito trap that incorporates inexpensive
paraffin wax and human sweat as the main ingredients
During the day a container of wax absorbs solar energy as it melts -eliminating the need for costly photvoltaic cells and storage batteries -- and
then is brought into the house at night where the heat is released at
approximately the temperature of the human body as the wax re-solidifies.
Combined with a water based attractant derived from human sweat collected
from a simple wrist band, the ingenious trap mimics the scent, moisture, and
temperature profile of a sleeping body, attracting mosquitoes to the cone
where they are trapped and can be easily disposed of.
Pilot production in February 09 – to market in May 09
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
CellScope
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In rural areas and developing countries,
clinics often lack the equipment - for
up-close evaluations of malarial
parasites, blood diseases and skin
conditions.
The Cellscope is a 5x to 60x
microscope attachment for camera
phones that can be used for
magnification and transmits the images
to experts for diagnosis.
Successfully tested in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo in August
Could soon be used by cancer patients
in the U.S. to take white-blood-cell
counts at home
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
References
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http://www.humanidesign.org/dignitytoilet.html
http://inventorspot.com/innovations_for_the_environmentalists_and_the_gard
eners
http://www.coolersolutionsinc.com/pdf/CoolerSolutions-HIDODignityToilet.pdf
http://pottersforpeace.org/?page_id=9
http://www.youtube.com/group/innovateordie
http://www.dezeen.com/2008/03/11/aquaduct-by-ideo/
http://www.inhabitat.com/2007/08/30/index-awards-solar-bottle/
http://www.helloweare.com/index.php?/medical/infant-isolette-/
http://blog.innocentive.com/tag/sunnight-solar/
http://pr-canada.net/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=76439
http://blog.innocentive.com/2009/01/28/innocentive-seeker-spotlightsunnight-solar-works-to-eradicate-malaria/#more-178
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED
Thank You
DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED