August 2012
June 2011
• Describe what was going on before the
technology was developed and what the
technology was.
• Discuss the impact that the technology
had
• Before: Hand copied books
• Invented by Gutenberg
• Influenced by Chinese use of block
printing
• Rapid spread of knowledge and ideas
• Increased literacy and supply of books
• Individuals challenged authority
• Contributed to the spread of Protestant
Reformation
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Before: Goods made at home and by hand
Goods began to be made in factories
Started in textile industry
First developed in England
Increased supply of goods
Goods made faster and cheaper
Child labor
Pollution
Led to urbanization as people moved into
cities
• Describe what was going on before.
• What did the person do?
• What was the person’s impact?
• Before: Catholic Church was dominate religious
force in Europe
• Before: Religious unity in Europe
• Luther was angered by corruption in Church and
sale of indulgences
• Wrote the 95 Theses
• Challenged Church’s authority
• Ideas spread by Printing Press
• Led to the Protestant Reformation
• Lack of Religious unity in Europe Other forms of
Christianity formed
• Religious wars in Europe broke out
• Before: India was controlled by Britain
• British killing of unarmed protestors at the
Amritsar Massacre increased calls for Indian
independence
• Gandhi became leader of the Indian independence
movement
• Supported peaceful, civil disobedience
• Non-violent protest
• Use of boycotts
• Salt March
• Homespum movement
• Helped gain independence for India
• Influenced civil rights and independence
movements around the world
August 2009
June 2008
• What were the key beliefs?
• What impacts did the belief system
have?
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Religion started in India
No single founder
Caste System
Reincarnation of the soul
Karma
Dharma= religious and social obligations of your
caste
Ultimate goal is to reach Moksha
Ataman (soul) + Braham (universal spirit) =
Moksha
Caste System became the social class system of
India
Untouchables were discriminated against
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Philosophy developed in China
Developed by Confucius
Wrote The Analects
The Five Relationships
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Ruler to Subject
Father to Son
Husband to Wife
Older Brother to Younger Brother
Friend to Friend
• Following the Five Relationships would create
social order and harmony
• Filial Piety
• Valued education over punishment
• Influenced Chinese Civil Service Exams
• Valued good government
– Allowed for social mobility
• Provide some background on what was
going on when the idea was developed?
• What were the ideas?
• What influence did the idea(s) have?
• Before: Absolute monarchs ruled without the consent
of the people
• Before: Scientific revolution began to challenge
traditional ideas
• Enlightenment philosophers began to use reason to
understand natural law
• Wrote the Two Treatises on Government
• Believed all people born with natural rights
• Life, liberty , property
• Governments needed to rule with the consent of the
people
• People had the right to overthrow gov’t that didn’t
protect natural rights
• Influenced leaders of American, French, and Latin
American Revolutions
• Apartheid in South Africa segregated Blacks
from Whites
• Apartheid was created to keep Whites
(Afrikaners) in power in S. Africa
• only Whites could vote
• Blacks forced to live in reserves or poor urban
areas known townships
• Nelson Mandela became the leader of the
African National Congress
– Fought to end apartheid
– Was arrested and held in prison for 27 years
• Mandela Became the symbol of the fight against
apartheid
• International sanctions led by Bishop
Desmond Tutu began to hurt S. Africa
• F.W. de Klerk released Mandela from
prison and allowed Blacks to vote
• Apartheid ended
• Mandela elected President of S. Africa
• Provide some background on events that
contributed to the event?
• What happened?
• What attempts were made to correct
the violation or hold people responsible
• Hitler and Nazis scapegoated Jews for
problems faced by Germany after WWI
• Hitler discussed his anti-Semitic views in
Mein Kampf
• German Anti-Semitism led to Kristallnacht
– Night of the Broken Glass
– Jewish businesses and homes attacked and
vandalized
• Hitler passed the Nuremburg Laws to take
away rights of Jews in Germany
• Hitler and Nazis developed the “final
solution”
– Planned genocide of European Jews
• Established concentration camps to kill
European Jews
• Holocaust resulted in the death of 6
million Jews
• Nuremburg Trials placed Nazi officials on
trial for human rights violations and
genocide for the first time
– Sent message that individuals would be held
responsible for war crime and genocide
• Before: Apartheid in South Africa segregated
Blacks from Whites
• Before: Apartheid was created to keep Whites
(Afrikaners) in power in S. Africa
• Before: only Whites could vote
• Police kill protestors during Sharpsville
Massacre
• Nelson Mandela became the leader of the
African National Congress
• Fought to end apartheid
• Was arrested and held in prison for 27 years
• Became the symbol of the fight against S.
Africa
• International sanctions led by Bishop
Desmond Tutu began to hurt S. Africa
• F.W. de Klerk released Mandela from
prison and allowed Blacks to vote
• Apartheid ended
• Mandela elected President of S. Africa
• Truth and Reconciliation Commission to
deal with abuses during apartheid
• Enlightenment Ideas
• Economic problems caused by Louis 14th
spending
– Built the Palace of Versailles
• Weak leadership of King Louis XVI
• Social Inequalities
– 1st and 2nd estates controlled wealth and
paid almost no taxes
– 3rd Estate paid all the taxes and was 97 %
of the population
• Food shortages and inflation sparked
protests
• Storming of the Bastille
• Meeting of the estates general called
• 3rd estate made the Tennis Court Oath
– Refused to leave until a new gov’t was
created
• Declaration of Rights on Man ended the
monarchy & established a republic
• Execution of King Louis 16th and Queen Maria
Antoinette
• Robespierre led the Reign of Terror
– Attempted to purge France of “enemies of the
revolution”
– Thousands violently killed in the guillotine
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Influenced Latin American revolutions
Increased nationalism in France
Spread of democratic ideas
Led to the rise of Napoleon