Journal of Educational Graduate studies Research http://ednet.kku.ac.th/edujournal/?cat=1 ภาวะผู้นาที่ส่งผลต่ อองค์การที่มีสมรรถนะสู งของสถานศึกษาในสั งกัดสานักงานเขตพืน้ ที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษา เขต 27 Leadership Styles Affecting High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27 บุญชู สุ นธงศิริ1) และ ดร. เสาวนี สิริสุขศิลป์ 2) Boonchoo suntongsiri1) and Saowanee Sirisooksilp 2) 1) สาขาวิชาการบริ หารการศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational, Khon kaen University 2) ผูช้ ่วยศาสตราจารย์ สาขาวิชาการบริ หารการศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational, Khon kaen University Corresponding author. Tel: Mobile+66 (0)8-4742-6985 E-mail address: Boonchoo_s@ kkumail.com บทนา Introduction The national Education Act 1999, and Revised Issue (the 3rd Ed) 2010, Section 6, specified the standard and Educational Quality Assurance. In addition, the Office of Thai Official System Development established the strategic plan for Thai Official System Development (2013-2018) aimed for public sector to work with quality as High Performance Organization. Therefore, the Office of Basic Education Commission establish the policy of action plan into practice Area by establishing the Universal Standard School Project, Pilot School, Good Subdistrict School for being High Performance School. According to the policy, The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, transformed policy into practice. Bit, the condition of work implementation in the present, The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27 found that the efficiency of school administration and management didn’t accomplish goal of National Education Act especially in small sized school management, most of them lacked of efficiency. (The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, 2013) According to the policy of expectancy and implementation findings, the researcher was interested in studying the High Performance Organization of school precisely in order to find the guideline for solving the problem accurately by studying the principle, rationale, and factors of the High Performance Organization from Pasu Decharin & Chaiwat Hareutaipan (2012), Wallapha Arirat (2012), Tawanlak Puangnin (2002), concluded that the High Performance Organization consisted of competency in creating the high efficient performance, adjusting oneself with the changing, and maintaining the intelligent staffs. Then, the researcher administered the Organizational Theory, Classic Age Administration, Behavioral Science Management, Quantitative Management as foundation of the study including Kaplan & Norton (2001) ro explain the meanings of each factor of competency. It could be concluded that the High Performance Organization was the organization for developing human beings to obtain knowledge as well as ne able to apply n working systematically, and to create the efficient and effective performance leading to Best Practice. When the knowledge management was occurred, Tacit Knowledge into Explicit Knowledge could be changed its status with each other throughout the time depended on situation to cause new knowledge through process called Knowledge spiral (Nonaka. 1991) When the organization set more goal, the members in organization had to search for supplementary knowledge in activity participation. The work cycle would be happened as life cycle of organization with growth. The organization was collected more knowledge and experience. As a result, the organization would be High Performance including its competency in survival as well as success which was desirable by every organization. According to the above reasons. The researcher was interested in studying the Leadership Style affecting High Performance Organization in School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27 so that the research findings would be model for being used by school administrators in developing their school to be High Performance Organization as well as Thai Education to be progress further. Research Objectives 1. To study the Leadership Style and High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27. 1. To study the Relationship between Leadership Style and High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27. 3. To study the Leadership Style and High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27. Research Implementation 1. Population, the population using in this study were the school administrators and teachers in school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, 2013 academic year, including 162 school administrators and 2,743 teachers, total of 2,905 persons. 2. Samples, the sample size was determined by Krejcie and Morgan’ Table at reliability 95%. The samples consisted of 456 school administrators and teachers, selected by Multi-stage Random Sampling in include the samples as representatives as 118 school administrators, and 338 teachers, total of 456 persons. 3. Research Design, this study was Correlational Research to study the Leadership Style affecting the High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27. 4. Research instruments The research instruments for data collection was the Questionnaire constructed based on objective, documentary analysis of related research literature and conceptual framework classifying into 3 Parts. Part 1, included the respondents’ demographic data. Part 2, included the questionnaire asking the school administrators’ Leadership Style. Part 3, included the Questionnaire asking the High Competency Organization of School. The instrument validation 1. Validation of Questionnaire was performed by presenting the Questionnaire to 5 experts for being investigated its validity, found that the IOC of Questionnaire ranged between 0.60-1.00. The IOC of total issue of Questionnaire, was = 0.98. 2. Reliability Checking of Questionnaire, the researcher tried out 30 issues of the Questionnaire with validation and improvement as multiple choice based on recommendation by the advisor and experts, with the school administrators and teachers who were not samples in order to find Reliability of instruments. The Reliability value of Questionnaire were as follows: 1) the Leadership Style = 0.90, and 2) the High Performance Organization, its Reliability value was = 0.90. 5. Data Analysis 1. The respondents’ demographic data were tallied the Frequency, and Percentage. 2. The Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization were studied by using the statistic as the Mean, and Standard Deviation. 3. The Relationship between Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization were studied by using the statistic as the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. 4. The Leadership Style affecting High Performance Organization were studied by analyzing the Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. Conclusions and discussions of research findings 1. Conclusions of research findings 1.1 The school administrators’ Leadership Style, in overall, was in “High” level. Considering each aspect, found that there was the highest level of average value of Supportive Leadership. On the contrary, the aspect with lowest level of average value, was the Reward and Punishment Leadership Style. 1.2 The High Performance Organization of school, found that in overall, was in “High” level. Considering each aspect, found that the aspect with highest level of average value, was the competency in creating High Efficiency. On the contrary, the aspect with lowest level of average value, was the competency in maintaining the intelligent staffs. 2. Relationship between the Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization, found that there was positive relationship between Correlation Coefficient value between Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in all of 5 Styles, at 0.05 significant level. 3. The Leadership Style affecting High Performance Organization, found that all of 5 Leadership Styles: 1) the Directive Leadership, 2) the Charismatic Leadership, 3) the Participoatory Leadership, 4) the Reward and Punishment Leadership, and 5) the Supportive Leadership, the Multiple Correlation Coefficient was = 0.93. In addition, it jointly predicted the High Performance Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, for 87.6%. (R2 = 0.87 ) 2.Discussions 1. The Leadership Style of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in overall, the average value was in “High” level. It was found that the highest average value, was the Leadership with supportive behavior in promoting every staff in work practice fairly. They were friendly with every staff, and could be easily approached. They paid their attention to the staffs’ livelihood based on appropriateness. They responded the staffs’ needs appropriately. They enhance d the development of good climate in school work practice, respected and recognized each staff’ s dignity. They helped and develop the staffs’ profession in school. It was congruent with Daft’s (1999) presentation in new authentic context for leaders, in one section that “from former vision using the Control into new paradigm using the Empowerment as new phenomenon of present world. It was a technique to construct the Organization brain power by supporting every one in organization to participate and commit. So, the success was based on every one’s intelligence from work practice. 2.The High Performance Organization in school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in overall, the average value was in “High” level. It was found that the highest level of average value, was the competency in creating High Performance indicated that the High Performance Organization had to work systematically including: the determination of strategy, the strategy into practice, and the following up of strategy. It was congruent with Theory of Classic Organizational Management, and Classification based on Management Principle. Henri Fayol (cited in Saowanee Triputarat, 2012) classified the duty of management into 5 issues: 1) Planning, 2) Organizing, 3) Communicating, 4) Coordinating, and 5) Controlling. Kaplan & Norton (2001) studied the guidelines for practice of Efficient Organization by integrating into 5 major principles caused the organization to focus on strategy as: the leaders had to move and change the organization into concrete form, the development of organization to be relevant and associate with strategy, the development of motivation for every one in seeing the importance as well as practice following the strategy, and the care for strategic management to be continuous process. Furthermore, Pasu Decharin & Chaiwat Hareutaipan (2010) presented that the development of official work units into High Performance Organization, was an important instrument for moving included 3 major components as: the determination of strategy, the transformation of strategy into practice, an the following up and implementation according to strategy. 3. Relationship between the Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational service Area 27, found that there was relationship between all of 5 Leadership Styles, and the High Performance Organization very much. The relationship of studied variables, was the Linear Correlation. It was congruent with House and Mitchell’ (1974) suggestions that the leaders might express a kind of behavior with their sub-ordinates differently. The leaders should adjust their leadership style to be relevant to the situation and need as their followers’ motivation. 4. Leadership Style affecting High Performance Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational service Area 27, from the study found that all of 5 Leadership Styles could jointly predicted the High Competency Organization with positive relationship between Regression Coefficient or Predicted Power with High Performance Organization. It was supported by Black & Milton’ (1980) Theory that the effective leaders were not only interested in Human beings and Work Oriented, but also the leaders with behavioral pattern reflecting their concern in both of human beings as well as work, and could select the appropriate leadership behavior with time and situation. Recommendations 1. Recommendations from research study 2. According to research findings, found that the Leadership Style of school administrators under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, the lowest level of average value, was the Reward and Punishment Leadership Style. Therefore, the administrators should provide benefit as intrinsic motivator when the teachers completed their work, for instance, reward providing as money etc. In addition, the administrators should specify rule and regulation for rewarding or punishment regarding to the behavior or performance which did not accomplish goal of work unts. 2.According to the research findings found that the High Performance of Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, the aspect with lowest level of average value, was the competency in maintaining the intelligent staffs. So, the school should use the findings of evaluation in staffs’ work practice relating to work performance based on different rules and techniques without any kinds of bias, and administer discipline for controlling the staffs’ work practice by measuring work success as well as the work practitioners’ behavior within specified duration. 1. According to the research findings, found that the Leadership Style affected High Performance Organization school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in all of 5 Styles. So, The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27 should provide training, conference, and seminar for developing the school administrators’ leadership by focusing on the Directive Leadership, Charismatic Leadership, Participatory Leadership, Rewarding and Punishment Leadership, and Supportive Leadership respectively. Furthermore, the administrators should be encouraged to use their leadership relevant to situation appropriately. 2.Recommendations for future research 1. The Leadership Style affecting the High Performance Organization in each aspect, should be conducted in order to know that which Leadership Style would affect the High Performance Organization precisely so that the administrators would be able to select the Leadership correctly and accuracy. 1. The Leadership affecting the High Performance Organization should be studied by comparing the school size so that the Office of Secondary Educational Service Area, would use as information for determining the policy of leadership development as well as school development suitable for school size. 2. The research study of school administrators’ Leadership Development for enhancing the High Performance Organization of school should be conducted. . References [1] Ketchaturad, Chtupume. Educational Research: Theory into Practice. Educational Measurement and Evaluation, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, 2012. [2] Puangnin, Tawanlak. Strategic Leadership Development for School Administrators of Basic Schools. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis in Educational Administration, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University. [3] Sritrakoon, Prapapon. Exercise and Supplementary Document for 217 720 Educational Research Methodology. 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