Lab 1
Configuring Wireless
Router and PoE Switch
www.greenITcenter.org
DUE 0903239
CONVERGENCE
TECHNOLOGY
CENTER
www.greenITcenter.org
Equipment used in labs
Linksys Wireless Router
Wireless Router
Linksys Telephony
System
Linksys
VoIP
Linksys Gateway
Used to provide IP addresses to
network equipment including IP
phones
Telephony System
IP-based PBX for a small company
Linksys PoE
Switch
Linksys IP
phones and
analog phones
Gateway
Connects the IP-based phone
system to the PSTN
www.greenITcenter.org
Basic Lab Topology
www.greenITcenter.org
DHCP Overview
 DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol)
 Used to send configuration information to
end network devices







IP address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
DNS server address
TFTP server (when using Cisco VoIP)
Time server address
Log server address
www.greenITcenter.org
DHCP Overview (cont.)

For the purpose of the Linksys VoIP labs, the
Linksys wireless router is used as a DHCP server
and provide Internet connectivity.




When a host attaches to a network and the host is
configured for DHCP, the host sends a DHCP request.
The router serving as a DHCP server responds to the
request and responds with IP addressing information.
Each time the host powers on, the host could receive a
different IP address.
Some devices, such as routers, servers, and
printers, need static IP addresses that do not
change.
www.greenITcenter.org
Connect a Host Computer

Connect a laptop or desktop computer to the
Linksys wireless router by connecting a
straight-through Ethernet cable between the
computer NIC and one of the Linksys router
ports.
www.greenITcenter.org
Attach Router Power

Connect the router power brick connector to
the wireless router and an AC outlet.
www.greenITcenter.org
Router Boot Process
•
•
Wait a couple minutes for the
router to boot.
The router blinks while
booting.


Wait for the power light to stop
flashing.
Note that this process may take
a few minutes to complete.
www.greenITcenter.org
Router Configuration
Router Configuration
Router
Reset the router
Connect a host
Access the router
Configure DHCP on
the router
www.greenITcenter.org
Reset the Router
Reset
Press and hold reset button until
the power light flashes.
www.greenITcenter.org
Reboot or Reset PC

Either reboot the PC or release
and renew the IP address

The PC should obtain an IP address
from the DHCP server (Linksys
wireless router)
www.greenITcenter.org
Access the Router
Access
Open a web browser:
http://192.168.1.1
Username is admin
Password is either blank or admin
www.greenITcenter.org
Configure the Router for
DHCP
 Setup tab




Basic Setup link
Change the Internet
Connection Type to Automatic
Configuration-DHCP.
Ensure router IP address is
192.168.1.1 and a subnet
mask of 255.255.255.0.
Enable DHCP (select Enabled
radio button).
www.greenITcenter.org
Router DHCP Config. (cont.)
DHCP
50 addresses – 192.168.1.100
through 192.168.1.149
 Setup tab (cont.)




Set the DHCP Start IP
Address to
192.168.1.100.
Set Maximum Number
of Users to 50.
Save the settings
(Save Settings button).
Close PC browser.
www.greenITcenter.org
Switch Configuration
Switch Configuration
Switch
Connect a host and router
Update firmware
Enable PortFast
Enable QoS
www.greenITcenter.org
Cabling to the Switch
Re-cable
Power
Re-cable the router (to port 6) and host
(to port 5) to connect to the switch.
www.greenITcenter.org
Power on the Linksys switch.
Access the Switch
Access
On the host open a web browser and
access the switch
http://192.168.1.254
Username is admin (no password)
www.greenITcenter.org
Setup Summary
www.greenITcenter.org
Latest Firmware

Firmware is software used to control a
device.



Update firmware to
fix problems or to
add/enhance
features.
Ensure the firmware
is the latest version.
Setup tab

Summary link
www.greenITcenter.org
Obtain Switch Software
Update
Download the firmware from Cisco.
• Cable the PC to a network that has Internet
access.
• The file is zipped as shown below. It must be
unzipped.
• The version number is part of the firmware file name.
www.greenITcenter.org
Re-cable and Re-access
Switch



Reconnect the PC to port 5 on the Linksys
switch.
Open a browser and re-access the Linksys
GUI environment using the 192.168.1.254
address.
Select the
Admin tab

Select the
More button
www.greenITcenter.org
Upgrading Switch
Firmware



Select the Firmware Upgrade option.
Select the via HTTP radio button.
Select the Browse button and locate the
downloaded and unzipped switch firmware
file.
www.greenITcenter.org
Update the Switch
Update
Be patient until the update has finished.
• Select the Proceed button
• Be patient!
• Do not use the browser until the software
uploads.
www.greenITcenter.org
Verify Firmware Upgrade

Use the Setup tab and Summary link to verify
the firmware upgrade.
www.greenITcenter.org
Switch IP Addressing

For compatibility in future labs, change the
switch IP address to 192.168.1.251 and the
default gateway to 192.168.1.254.



Setup tab
Network Settings
Click Save Settings
button when finished.
www.greenITcenter.org
Router IP Addressing

On the PC browser, access the Linksys
Wireless router by typing http://192.168.1.1.

Admin is the username with no password
www.greenITcenter.org
Router IP Addressing
(cont.)


Change Internet connection type to
Automatic Configuration – DHCP.
Setup tab





Basic Setup link
Configure the IP address to 192.168.1.254.
Ensure the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0
Save the settings.
Close the browser.
www.greenITcenter.org
Verify Internet
Connectivity


Connect an Ethernet cable
between the Linksys wireless
router WAN port and a classroom
port that connects to the Internet.
On the PC that connects to the Linksys
switch, open a browser and connect to a web
site such as www.linksys.com.

Do not proceed if Internet access is not available.
www.greenITcenter.org
PortFast Overview
PortFast
Used on ports that connect to end
devices such as phones, printers,
PCs, and servers.
 STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is automatically
enabled on a Linksys switch.
 Spanning tree is used to block certain redundant
ports between switches or bridges so that there is
only one path through the Layer 2 network.
 PortFast places a switch port in a state that allows
packets to be sent immediately through
the port.
www.greenITcenter.org
PortFast Overview (cont.)
 Without PortFast, each switch
port could take up to 50 seconds
before being able to forward
traffic.
 To avoid timing issues and to
allow multicasting to work
correctly in the Linksys VoIP
system, enable PortFast on
ports that will have the SPA9000
and IP phones attached.
www.greenITcenter.org
Configure Portfast
• On the PC connected to
the Linksys switch, open a
web browser and login to
the switch at
192.168.1.251.
• Login to the Linksys switch.
• From the Spanning Tree
tab and STP Port Settings
link, change the G1 Port
Fast status to Enabled.
• Select the Update
button.
www.greenITcenter.org
QoS Overview
 QoS (Quality of Service) is enabled on
a device to pay attention to marked
frames/packets or to mark packets/
frames. This marking is used to
prioritize network packets.
 VoIP can tolerate only 150ms from source to
destination.
 If voice traffic is delayed or dropped, the
conversation sounds garbled, broken, or
unacceptable.
 QoS should always be implemented when
www.greenITcenter.org
using VoIP.
QoS (Continued)
 DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) is
a six bit value used in the IP header.



This DSCP value can be changed by an end
device or a network device through which a
packet travels.
The DSCP value can also be “trusted” or
“believed” by a network device through which
the packet is passing.
VoIP phones automatically mark a voice packet
with a very high priority due to the intolerance of
delay.
www.greenITcenter.org
Enable QoS
QoS
Enable QoS for ports.
 On the switch, select the QoS tab and the Basic
Mode link.
www.greenITcenter.org
QoS Configuration

Under the Trust Mode, select DSCP.

Select Save Settings
www.greenITcenter.org
Time on a Network

Most network devices have the
ability to log errors, configuration changes,
and events.



These logs have a timestamp—the date and time.
It is important that the date and time are accurate.
Logs from different devices that do not have
accurate date and times can make
troubleshooting even more challenging.
www.greenITcenter.org
NTP



NTP (Network Time Protocol)
Servers that provide the accurate date and
time.
To configure a device for NTP, you must just
configure it with an IP address or name of an
NTP server.
www.greenITcenter.org
NTP Configuration



On the PC, open a web browser.
Access the Linksys switch at 192.168.1.251.
Access the Setup tab and the
Time link.




Select the SNTP Time radio
button.
Select the appropriate time zone.
Enable the Daylight Savings
option and select USA.
Enter a time server IP address.



List at http://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi
Select Save Settings.
Configure a second time server.
www.greenITcenter.org
Explore Port Management
www.greenITcenter.org
Switch Admin Tab


Select the Admin tab and the
User Authentication link.
In the Local Users Table,
select the Admin user name.



Enter the password of Linksys to
assign a password to the switch.
Click the Update button.
Click the Save Setting button.
www.greenITcenter.org
TFTP Server




Used to transfer files quickly, but unsecurely.
Used to upload and download configuration files
to a network device.
Download and install the freeware version of a
TFTP server from Solarwinds.
Launch the TFTP server. The bottom of the
TFTP server screen shows the directory the
software expects software to
upload or downloaded
software will be stored.
www.greenITcenter.org
TFTP Server Configuration

From the menu, select File and Configure.

Check the status of the server. If stopped, click
the Start button.
www.greenITcenter.org
TFTP Server Configuration

Change the TFTP Server Root Directory to
the folder where the Linksys files were
downloaded (or will be in the future).
www.greenITcenter.org
Switch Configuration
Backup






Login to the switch.
From the Admin tab,
select the Save
Configuration link.
Select the via TFTP
radio button.
Select the Backup radio button.
Enter the IP address of the PC that has the TFTP server
software installed and running.
Change the Destination File name to
switch_lab1_startupCfg.cfg
www.greenITcenter.org
Backup Switch Config
(cont.)


Select Proceed button. Click OK.
The PC that has SolarWinds TFTP server
software installed shows the process in
operation.
www.greenITcenter.org
Router Backup
Configuration





Login to the Linksys wireless
router.
Select Administration tab.
Click the Backup
Configuration button.
Click the Save button.
Save to the Linksys folder with the file name
wireless_router_lab1_WRT300NV1.0_v0.93.9.cfg

Copy all files in the Linksys folder to a USB
drive.
www.greenITcenter.org
Questions???
www.greenITcenter.org
DUE 0903239