The Second Inaugural
Address
By Celia, Sophia, and Grace
Let’s Start with...
The Election of 1864!
The Election of 1864
• The election of 1864 was between Abraham
Lincoln and George McClellan.
• Lincoln won 91% of the electoral college votes
and 55.03% of the popular votes.
• Lincoln won by so much because southern
states were not voting after seceding.
George Brinton McClellan
● George Brinton McClellan was
born December 3, 1826 in
Philadelphia
● ex-general for the Union
● Was appointed after Bull Run
● Ran against Lincoln in 1864
● Had no intention with messing
with slavery but wanted the
Union to stay together.
Andrew Johnson
• Andrew Johnson was the Vice Presidential Running
mate for Lincoln in the Election of 1864.
• Johnson replaced Hannibal Hamlin, a Northerner.
• Johnson was from Tennessee, which was a Confederate
state.
• Johnson replaced Lincoln on April 15, 1965, after he
was assassinated.
Vice President
• Lincoln chose Johnson
because he thought Johnson
would be more appealing to the
South because Johnson was
southernern.
• On the day of the second
inaugural address, Johnson
gave a drunken speech.
The Votes
Presidential
Candidate
Popular Vote
Electoral Votes
Party
Abraham
Lincoln
2,211,317 =
55.03%
212 = 91.0%
Republican
George
McClellan
1,806,227 =
44.95%
21 = 9.0%
Democrat
Popular Vote
Electoral Votes
Lincoln
McClellan
This is a map of the united states with the electoral vote information included
Lincoln’s Victory
• Lincoln’s second victory meant a continued
effort to keep the Union together.
• Was influenced by Sherman’s success after
capturing Atlanta and Savannah.
• All of the Union’s energy would be put into the
army and regaining control over the South.
Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Oath of Office
Now...
The
war!
Lincoln and the War
• Lincoln knew that the Civil War would be over
soon and the North would win, but he couldn’t
predict the duration. The predicted Union win
also affected the election of 1864.
• He said that all didn’t want the war, but it came
as a punishment for the nation’s long slavery life,
and it’s the country’s fault.
The Second Inaugural Address
Hi, I am
Lincoln. I
am the
president
!
•On March 4th, 1865, Lincoln gave his second inaugural
address. In his speech, these are the main points:
1. The cause of the war.
2. The duration of the war.
3. The purpose of the war.
4. Recap of the war.
5. How slavery was bad in the eyes of God.
The Cause of the War: SLAVERY
• Slavery was one of the main causes of the war.
• The abolishment of slavery was passed by
Congress on January 31st of that same year*, just
two months earlier. However, The law was not yet
adopted until December 6th.
• Lincoln even states in his speech that it is odd that
the cause of the war is gone but the war is still
going.
*The date that lincoln gives his speech
The Duration of the War:?
Lincoln admits to ignorance. He states
in his address that he can’t estimate
how long the war will take.
“With high hope for the future, no
prediction in regard to it so ventured.”
Lincoln’s Goals
● Reunite the nation:
● He was not an abolitionist, but he did think slavery was
morally wrong.
● He needed to keep the Union together.
" If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would
do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would
do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving
others alone I would also do that. ". A. Lincoln.
What do you think this quote reveals about Lincoln's priorities?
William Tecumseh Sherman
Union General
William Tecumseh Sherman
William T. Sherman was a ruthless killer in the fight
against the secessionists. Born in Lancaster, Ohio,
Sherman believed that war isn’t just fought between
armies but also between societies that supported each.
He tried banking, the military and worked for the
president, but had no success in life.
He had some success when serving under Ulysses S.
Grant at Vicksburg and Gettysburg.
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Sherman led 62,000 Union soldiers across Georgia from
Atlanta to Savannah on his march to the sea. His goal: to
demolish Confederate logistics and crush Southern morale.
Sherman’s March to the Sea
• November 15 -December 21, 1864
• Sherman wanted to terrorize the cities in his path in
order to force Confederates to surrender. He destroyed a
stretch of 60 miles when marching.
• He chose Atlanta to Savannah because of the major
railroad hub, and the important port city.
• Sherman’s March modeled war today, rather than the
more civil and almost proper wars that were fought then.
What does this picture symbolize?
Talk with a neighbor, what do you see in this image?
Sherman’s March to the Sea
• Sherman splits army into two “wings”,
which split into more and more “wings”.
• One seemed to head to Augusta for a
battle, but did not.
• The other headed toward Macon.
• They met up again at Milledgeville and
split again until they got to Savannah.
• These confused Confederates
because they didn’t know where
Sherman was going to have a battle at,
and the troops were spread all over
Georgia.
Growing Southern Desperation
• The Anaconda plan
• Starvation
• The burning of crops
• Sherman’s March left southerners to live in
fear, hunger and ashes.
Appomattox Intro
Ulysses S. Grant
• Union general of Potomac
Robert E. Lee
• Confederate general of
Northern Virginia
• Fought in the Mexican War,
Vicksburg, and
Gettysburg
• Fought at
Harper’s Ferry
• Won the election
of 1868 against
Andrew Johnson
•Surrendered to
Sherman at
Appomattox.
Battle of Appomattox Court House
• Fought on the morning of April 9th, 1865 near
Wilmer McLean’s house
• Last campaign for Richmond, Virginia
• One of the last battles of the Civil War
• Confederate States Army General Lee’s Army
of Northern Virginia vs. Lt. Gen. Grant’s Union
Army.
• The Union wins!
Left: The comparison between the size of both armies at
Battle of Appomattox.
Above: Wilmer McLean’s House in Appomattox, Virginia
Tactics
• General Lee made final attempt to reach supplies at
Lynchburg and escape Lt. Gen. Grant after
surrounding Lee at Battle of Appomattox Station.
• Confederates advanced on Sheridan’s cavalry but
reinforcements cornered them.
• Lee was surrounded on three sides.
Surrendering April 9, 1865 at Appomattox Court House
After Lee surrendered because he was cornered, they
met in McLean’s parlor and discussed the army’s fate:
• No one imprisoned
• Extra food rations
• Allowed to keep and take home horses and mules.
• Released to observe paroles and keep away from other
conflicts, and won’t be disturbed by U.S. authority.
The Surrender and Signing of Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S.
Grant in Wilmer McLean’s house
Intro to The Reconstruction Era
• 1865-1877
• Under the new leadership of Andrew
Johnson
• The reconstruction of the south after the civil
war and the organization of some four million
newly freed slaves into the workforce.
• Radical Reconstruction; 1867
Questions?