Unit 3: Biology Unit Review
Plant and Animal Cells: Know all of the organelles and their functions as well as the
differences between plant and animal cells. (nucleus, mitochondria, smooth ER, rough ER,
lysosomes, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, vacuoles, centrioles, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell
wall, chloroplasts)
What is diffusion and osmosis and what role to they play in the function of the cell?
Cell Cycle: Interphase, mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, teleophase) and
cytokinesis. Know what happens in each stage
Mitosis: know what happens in each stage. Pay specific attention to the nucleus, the
centrioles, spindle fibers, and chromosomes. Know what the chromosomes look like and
where they are at each stage.
Why do cells undergo mitosis?
What is DNA?
# of chromosomes in human cells
Cancer:
What is cancer? The difference between benign and malignant? How does cell division differ
in normal cells compared to cancerous cells?
Organization Levels of multicellular organisms:
Cells-> tissues->organs->organ systems->organism
Specialized cells: blood, epidermal, bone, muscle, sperm, nerve, fat etc. What they look like,
what is their function. What are stem cells, what is their purpose and how do they differ in
adults compared to embryos and newborns
Tissues: (muscle, connective, epithelia, nervous) what they are and what organs they are
part of
Organs: (heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, pancreas, intestines, stomach, spleen, liver, etc.)
Organ systems: know in depth: respiratory, digestive, circulatory, nervous, musculoskeletal
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: know its purpose/function, know the main parts of it, what each role is
and know how it interacts with other systems
(mouth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, stomach pancreas large intestine,
small intestine, rectum anus)
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: know its purpose/function, know the main parts of it and what each
role is, know how it interacts with other systems
(nose/nasal cavity, epiglottis, throat, trachea, larynx, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli,
diaphragm). Know cellular respiration: oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: know its purpose/function, know the main parts of it and what each
role is, know how it interacts with other systems (blood: and its parts, heart: and its
parts/where the blood flows, blood vessels: arteries vs veins, capillaries)
MUSKULOSKELETAL SYSTEM: know its purpose/function, know the main parts of it and
what each role is, know how it interacts with other systems (the main bones, skull, spine,
ribcage, pelvis, types of joints). Know bone marrow and what it’s purpose is: where blood
cells are made) (how muscles move the skeleton-contraction/relaxation). Know how to
explain the process of bending your arm. Know the difference between tendons, ligaments
and what their purposes are.
NERVOUS SYSTEM: know its purpose/function, know the main parts of it and what each
role is, know how it interacts with other systems (neurons, how messages are passed
through the body, central vs peripheral nervous system)
Know each system interacts with one another, possible diseases with each system
POSSIBLE DIAGRAMS:
Cell (plant or animal)
Cell cycle
Mitosis
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Circulatory system (heart)