Kinetics Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 5. In the following reaction, the rate of formation of NH3 is 0.15 mol/L•min. What is the rate of reaction? N2 + 3H2 2NH3 a. 0.15 mol/L•min b. 0.075 mol/L•min c. -0.075 mol/L•min d. 0.20 mol/L•min e. 0.30 mol/L•min ____ 6. In the following reaction, ____ ____ = -0.89 mol/L•s. What is the value of the rate of the reaction at this time? A + 3B AB3 a. 0.30 mol/L•s b. 0.89 mol/L•s c. -0.30 mol/L•s d. 2.67 mol/L•s e. 0.22 mol/L•s 7. Consider the exothermic combustion of coal. Which of the following could increase the rate of reaction? a. using smaller pieces of coal b. increasing the concentration of oxygen c. lowering the temperature d. both (a) and (b) are correct e. choices (a), (b) and (c) are all correct 8. Suppose a reaction A + B C occurs at some initial rate at 25°C. Which response includes all of the changes below that could increase the rate of this reaction? I. II. III. lowering the temperature adding a catalyst increasing the initial concentration of B a. I b. II c. III d. I and II e. II and III ____ 9. Which response below is not an example of how the nature of reactants affects the rate of reaction? a. Graphite burns faster than diamond under equal conditions. b. Coal dust burns faster than large chunks of coal. c. Magnesium reacts faster in higher concentrations of HCl(aq). d. Calcium reacts faster in water than magnesium. e. White phosphorus reacts explosively on contact with air; red phosphorus does not. ____ 10. Which of the following reactions would be expected to be the slowest? a. Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) AgCl(s) b. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O( ) c. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) ____ 11. ____ 12. ____ 13. ____ 14. ____ 15. ____ 16. ____ 17. d. Pb2+(aq) + CrO42-(aq) PbCrO4(s) e. H+(aq) + CN-(aq) HCN(aq) Which is not an example of the effect of subdivision of the reactant on the rate of chemical reaction? a. Violent explosions that occur in grain elevators. b. A container of flammable liquid will burn on the surface but allowed to vaporize will burn explosively. c. A chunk of iron takes months to rust completely while iron wool will rust in days. d. Some metals may be fused (welded) with minimal loss while their powders will burn in a flame. e. The Grand Canyon was created by dissolution by water over millions of years. For a given reaction, the rate-law expression is ____. a. a constant of proportionality between reaction rate and the concentrations of reactants b. the sum of the powers to which reactant concentrations appear c. an equation in which reaction rate is equal to a mathematical expression involving, or related to, concentrations of reactants involved in the rate-determining step d. an equation that gives the additional energy that reactants must obtain in order to react e. 55 miles per hour Which of the following statements about reaction orders in the rate law expression is incorrect? a. Their values may equal the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation. b. Their values may or may not equal the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation. c. Their values must be experimentally determined. d. Their values get larger as the temperature is increased. e. An order equal to zero means there is no concentration dependence with rate. The gas phase reaction A + B C has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed to follow the relationship rate = k[A]2[B]. The overall order of the reaction a. is first. b. is second. c. is third. d. is zero. e. is one-half. The gas phase reaction A + B + C D has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed to follow the relationship rate = k[A]2[C]. The reaction is ____ order in A, ____ order in B, and ____ order in C. a. first, second, third b. first, second, zero c. second, zero, first d. second, first, zero e. second, zero, zero The gas phase reaction A + B C has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed to follow the relationship rate = k[A]2[B]. Which one of the following would affect the value of the specific rate constant, k? a. decreasing the temperature b. changing the concentration of A c. changing the concentration of B d. changing the concentration of C e. letting the reaction go on for a long time A hypothetical reaction X + 2Y Products is found to be first order in X and second order in Y. What are the units of k, the specific rate constant, if reaction rate is expressed in units of moles per liter per second? a. M•s-1 ____ 18. ____ 19. ____ 20. ____ 21. ____ 22. ____ 23. ____ 24. b. M-2•s-1 c. M-3•s d. M2•s-1 e. M-1•s Which of the following statements regarding the rate constant in the rate law expression is incorrect? a. Its value increases with temperature. b. Its value is independent of initial concentration at a given temperature. c. Its units depend on the overall order of reaction. d. Its value is experimentally determined. e. The larger its value, the slower the reaction rate. A reaction A + 2B C is found to be first order in A and first order in B. What are the units of the rate constant, k, if the rate is expressed in units of moles per liter per minute? a. M-1•min-1 b. M c. M•min-1 d. min-1 e. M2•min-1 Consider the following rate law expression: rate = k[A]2[B]. Which of the following is not true about the reaction having this expression? a. The reaction is first order in B. b. The reaction is overall third order. c. The reaction is second order in A. d. A and B must both be reactants. e. Doubling the concentration of A doubles the rate. Consider the following rate law expression: rate = k[A][B]2. If the concentration of A is tripled and the concentration of B is reduced by half, what is the resulting change in the reaction rate? a. The rate is increased by 3/2. b. The rate is reduced by 3/4. c. The rate stays the same. d. The rate is doubled. e. The rate is reduced by 1/2. The gas phase reaction A + B C has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed to follow the relationship rate = k[A]2[B]. If the concentration of A is tripled and the concentration of B is doubled, the reaction rate would be increased by a factor of ____. a. 6 b. 9 c. 12 d. 18 e. 36 The gas-phase reaction 2NO + 2H2 N2 + 2H2O has the following rate law expression, rate = k[NO]2[H2]. If the [NO] is halved and the [H2] is tripled, what change in rate is expected? a. decrease by 3/4 b. increase by 3/4 c. increase by 3/2 d. decrease by 3/2 e. stays same The gas-phase reaction 2NO + 2H2 N2 + 2H2O has the following rate law expression, rate = 0.14 L2/mol2•s[NO]2[H2]. If the [NO] is 0.95 M and the [H2] is 0.45 M, what rate is expected? a. 0.060 mol/L•s b. 0.43 mol/L•s c. 0.027 mol/L•s d. 1.54 mol/L•s e. 0.057 mol/L•s ____ 25. A reaction is second order in X and zero order in Y. Doubling the initial concentration of X and halving the initial concentration of Y at constant temperature causes the initial rate to a. increase by a factor of 4. b. decrease by a factor of 2. c. remain unchanged. d. increase by a factor of 2. e. be undeterminable without the balanced equation. ____ 26. Consider the following rate data for the reaction below at a particular temperature. 2A + 3B Experiment 1 2 3 Initial [A] 0.10 M 0.10 M 0.20 M Initial [B] 0.30 M 0.60 M 0.90 M Products Initial Rate of Loss of A 7.20 10-5 M•s-1 1.44 10-4 M•s-1 8.64 10-4 M•s-1 The reaction is ____ order in A and ____ order in B. a. first, first b. second, first c. first, second d. second, second e. third, first ____ 27. Given the following data for the NH4+ + NO2N2 + 2H2O reaction Trial 1 2 3 [NH4+] 0.010 M 0.015 0.010 [NO2-] 0.020 M 0.020 0.010 Rate 0.020 M/s 0.030 0.005 The rate law for the reaction is a. rate = k[NH4+][NO2-] b. rate = k[NH4+]2[NO2-] c. rate = k[NH4+][NO2-]2 d. rate = k[NH4+]2[NO2-]2 e. None of the above ____ 28. Determine the rate-law expression for the reaction below. 2A + B2 + C A2B + BC Trial 1 2 Initial [A] 0.20 M 0.40 M Initial [B2] 0.20 M 0.30 M Initial [C] 0.20 M 0.20 M Initial Rate of Formation of BC 2.4 10-6 M•min-1 9.6 10-6 M•min-1 3 4 0.20 M 0.20 M 0.30 M 0.40 M 2.4 10-6 M•min-1 4.8 10-6 M•min-1 0.20 M 0.40 M a. rate = k[A]2[B2][C] b. rate = k[B2]2[C]2 c. rate = k[A][C]2 d. rate = k[A]2[C] e. rate = k[A][B2][C] ____ 29. Rate data have been determined at a particular temperature for the overall reaction 2NO + 2H2 in which all reactants and products are gases. Trial Run 1 2 3 Initial [NO] 0.10 M 0.10 M 0.20 M Initial [H2] 0.20 M 0.30 M 0.20 M N2 + 2H2O Initial Rate (M•s-1) 0.0150 0.0225 0.0600 The rate-law expression is ____. a. rate = k[NO]2[H2]2 b. rate = k[NO][H2]2 c. rate = k[NO]2[H2] d. rate = k[NO][H2] e. None of the preceding answers is correct. ____ 30. A troublesome reaction that is responsible in part for acid rain is SO3 + H2O H2SO4 Rate data have been determined at a particular temperature for the reaction in which all reactants and products are gases. Trial Run 1 2 3 4 Initial [SO3] 0.35 M 0.70 M 0.35 M 0.70 M Initial [H2O] 0.35 M 0.35 M 0.70 M 0.70 M Initial Rate (M•s-1) 0.150 0.600 0.300 1.20 The rate-law expression is ____. a. rate = k[SO3]2[H2O]2 b. rate = k[SO3]2[H2O] c. rate = k[SO3][H2O]2 d. rate = k[SO3]2 e. rate = k[SO3][H2O] ____ 31. NO reacts with chlorine in a gas phase reaction to form nitrosyl chloride, NOCl. From the following experimental data, determine the form of the equation that describes the relationship of reaction rate to initial concentrations of reactants. 2NO + Cl2 Run 1 2 3 Initial [NO] 0.50 M 1.00 M 1.00 M Initial [Cl2] 0.50 M 1.00 M 0.50 M 2NOCl Initial Rate of Formation of NOCl 1.14 M/hr 9.12 M/hr 4.56 M/hr a. rate = k[NO] b. rate = k[NO][Cl2] c. rate = k[NO]2 d. rate = k[NO]2[Cl2] e. rate = k[NO]2[Cl2]2 ____ 32. The following data were collected for the following reaction at a particular temperature. What is the rate-law expression for this reaction? rate = ____. A+B Experiment 1 2 3 Initial [A] 0.10 M 0.20 M 0.10 M Initial [B] 0.10 M 0.20 M 0.20 M C Initial Rate of Formation of C 4.0 10–4 M/min 3.2 10–3 M/min 1.6 10–3 M/min a. k[A] b. k[A]2 c. k[A][B] d. k[B] e. k[A][B]2 ____ 33. The following data were collected for the following reaction at a particular temperature. What is the rate-law expression for this reaction? rate = ____. Experiment 1 2 3 Initial [NH3] 1.10 M 2.20 M 1.10 M NH3 + O2 N2O + H2O Initial [O2] 1.10 M 2.20 M 2.20 M Initial Rate 5.5 10–3 M/s 4.4 10–2 M/s 2.2 10–2 M/s a. k[NH3] b. k[NH3]2 c. k[NH3][ O2] d. k[O2] e. k[NH3][ O2]2 ____ 34. Determine the rate-law expression for the reaction below at the temperature at which the tabulated initial rate data were obtained. rate = ____ Experiment 1 2 3 4 a. b. c. d. e. k[A][B] k[A]2[C] k[C]2 k[B]2[C] none of these Initial [A] 0.10 M 0.40 M 0.20 M 0.20 M A + 2B + 3C Products Initial [B] Initial [C] Initial Rate of Loss of A 0.20 M 0.10 M 4.0 10–2 M•min–1 0.20 M 0.10 M 4.0 10–2 M•min–1 0.20 M 0.25 M 1.0 10–1 M•min–1 0.40 M 0.10 M 1.6 10–1 M•min–1 ____ 35. Evaluate the specific rate constant for this reaction at 800°C. The rate-law expression is rate = k[NO]2[H2]. (Choose the closest answer.) 2NO(g) + 2H2(g) (g) + 2H2O(g) Experiment Initial [NO] Initial [H2] Initial Rate of Reaction (M•s-1) 1 0.0010 M 0.0060 M 7.9 10-7 2 0.0040 M 0.0060 M 1.3 10-5 3 0.0040 M 0.0030 M 6.4 10-6 a. 22 M-2•s-1 b. 4.6 M-2•s-1 c. 1.3 102 M-2•s-1 d. 0.82 M-2•s-1 e. 0.024 M-2•s-1 ____ 36. Evaluate the specific rate constant for the reaction at the temperature for which the data were obtained. The rate-law expression is rate = k[A][B]2. Experiment 1 2 3 Initial [A] 0.10 M 0.20 M 0.10 M A+B Initial [B] 0.10 M 0.20 M 0.20 M C Initial Rate of Formation of C 4.0 10–4 M/min 3.2 10–3 M/min 1.6 10–3 M/min a. 1.2 10-2 M-2•min-1 b. 3.6 10-2 M-2•min-1 c. 4.0 10-1 M-2•min-1 d. 6.2 10-1 M-2•min-1 e. 7.0 10-3 M-2•min-1 ____ 37. Evaluate the specific rate constant at the temperature at which the data were collected. The rate-law expression is rate = k[NO]2[H2]. Experiment 1 2 3 H2(g) + NO(g) N2O(g) + H2O(g) Initial [NO] (M) Initial [H2] (M) Initial Rate (M•s–1) 0.30 0.35 2.835 10–3 0.60 0.35 1.134 10–2 0.60 0.70 2.268 10–2 a. 9.4 10-3 M-2•s-1 b. 2.7 10-2 M-2•s-1 c. 1.6 10-4 M-2•s-1 d. 8.1 10-3 M-2•s-1 e. 9.0 10-2 M-2•s-1 ____ 38. Rate data have been determined at a particular temperature for the overall reaction 2NO + 2H2 N2 + 2H2O in which all reactants and products are gases. The value of the specific rate constant at this temperature is ____. Trial Run 1 2 Initial [NO] 0.10 M 0.10 M Initial [H2] 0.20 M 0.30 M Initial Rate (M•s-1) 0.0150 0.0225 3 0.20 M 0.20 M 0.0600 a. 0.75 M-1•s-1 b. 7.5 M-2•s-1 c. 3.0 10-3 M-2•s-1 d. 3.0 10-4 M-1•s-1 e. 375 M-2•s-1 ____ 39. Consider a chemical reaction involving compounds A and B, which is found to be first order in A and second order in B. At what rate will the reaction occur in experiment 2? Rate (M•s-1) 0.10 ? Experiment 1 2 Initial [A] 1.0 M 2.0 M Initial [B] 0.20 M 0.60 M a. 1.2 M•s-1 b. 0.20 M•s-1 c. 0.60 M•s-1 d. 1.8 M•s-1 e. 0.36 M•s-1 ____ 40. The oxidation of NO by O3 is first order in each of the reactants, and its rate constant is 1.5 107 M-1•s-1. If the concentrations of NO and O3 are each 5.0 10-7 M, what is the rate of oxidation of NO in M•s-1? a. 3.8 10-6 b. 2.5 10-14 c. 7.5 10-7 d. 15 e. 7.5 ____ 41. A bimolecular reaction is found to be 1st order with respect to both reactants. If the rate of reaction is 1.87 mol/L •s at 25°C, what is the reaction rate if both reactant concentrations are doubled? a. 7.48 mol/L •s b. 46.8 mol/L •s c. 1.87 mol/L •s d. 0.94 mol/L •s e. 3.74 mol/L •s ____ 42. Consider the hypothetical reaction and rate data below. Determine the form of the rate-law expression (i.e., determine the values of a and b in rate = k[A]a[B]b) and also the value of the specific rate constant, k. Which of the answers below would be the initial rate of reaction for [A]initial = 0.40 M and [B]initial = 0.10 M? 3A + 2B Products Run 1 2 3 a. b. c. d. e. [A]initial 0.10 M 0.20 M 0.30 M 1.6 10-4 M•s-1 3.4 10-3 M•s-1 1.2 10-3 M•s-1 4.8 10-4 M•s-1 6.4 10-3 M•s-1 [B]initial 0.10 M 0.30 M 0.10 M Initial Rate of Reaction (moles per liter per second) 4.0 10–4 4.8 10–3 3.6 10–3 ____ 43. Rate data have been determined at a particular temperature for the overall reaction 2NO + 2H2 + 2H2O in which all reactants and products are gases. Trial Run 1 2 3 ____ 44. ____ 45. ____ 46. ____ 47. ____ 48. Initial [NO] 0.10 M 0.10 M 0.20 M Initial [H2] 0.20 M 0.30 M 0.20 M Initial Rate (M•s-1) 0.0150 0.0225 0.0600 What would be the initial rate of the reaction if the initial molar concentration of NO = 0.30 M and the initial molar concentration of H2 = 0.10 M? a. 0.068 M•s-1 b. 0.22 M•s-1 c. 0.022 M•s-1 d. 0.040 M•s-1 e. 0.10 M•s-1 The half-life for the reactant A in the first order reaction A B is 36.2 seconds. What is the rate constant for this reaction at the same temperature? a. 52.2 s-1 b. 0.0276 s-1 c. 0.0191 s-1 d. 18.1 s-1 e. 0.00832 s-1 The rate constant for the first order reaction A B + C is k = 3.3 10-2 min-1 at 57 K. What is the half-life for this reaction at 57 K? a. 21 min b. 30 min c. 61 min d. 9.1 min e. 1200 min The rate constant for the second order reaction 2NO2 N2O4 is 2.79 L/mol •min at 48°C. If the initial concentration of NO2 is 1.05 M , what is the half-life? a. 20.5 s b. 10.3 s c. 0.341 min d. 176 s e. 14.9 s The half-life of the zero order reaction A B is 0.56 minutes. If the initial concentration of A is 3.4 M, what is the rate constant? a. 6.07 mol/L •min b. 1.24 mol/L •min c. 3.04 mol/L •min d. 0.619 mol/L •min e. 1.79 mol/L •min The decomposition of dimethylether at 504°C is first order with a half-life of 1570. seconds. What fraction of an initial amount of dimethylether remains after 4710. seconds? a. 1/3 b. 1/6 c. 1/8 d. 1/16 ____ 49. ____ 50. ____ 51. ____ 52. e. 1/32 The decomposition of dinitrogen pentoxide obeys the rate-law expression rate = 0.080 min-1[N2O5]. If the initial concentration of N2O5 is 0.30 M, what is the concentration after 2.6 minutes? N2O5 N2O3 + O2 a. 0.38 M b. 0.028 M c. 0.24 M d. 0.13 M e. 0.32 M A molecule of ethyl alcohol is converted to acetaldehyde in one's body by zero order kinetics. If the concentration of alcohol is 0.015 mol/L and the rate constant = 6.4 10-5 mol/L•min, what is the concentration of alcohol after 3.5 hours? a. 0.0016 mol/L b. 9.6 107 mol/L c. 4.3 10-3 mol/L d. 0.15 mol/L e. 0.0032 mol/L A chemical reaction A B + C is first order in A and has a rate constant of 1.2 10-3 min-1. If the initial concentration of A is 0.40 M., how much time must pass in order to reduce the concentration of A to 0.22 M? a. 5.0 102 min b. 3.0 102 min c. 7.4 10-3 min d. 4.3 10-4 min e. 2.2 102 min The gas phase reaction below obeys the rate-law expression rate = k[SO2Cl2]. At 593 K the specific rate constant is 2.2 10-5 s-1. A 2.0-g sample of SO2Cl2 is introduced into a closed 4.0-L container. SO2Cl2 SO2 + Cl2 How much time must pass in order to reduce the amount of SO2Cl2 present to 1.8 grams? a. 7.4 103 seconds b. 2.1 102 seconds c. 3.5 102 seconds d. 4.8 103 seconds e. 5.8 104 seconds ____ 53. The gas phase reaction below obeys the rate-law expression rate = k[PCl5]. At 400 K the specific rate constant is 0.0371 min-1. How many hours are required to reduce a sample of PCl5 to 10% of its original amount? PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 a. 3.10 hrs b. 1.03 hrs c. 186 hrs d. 3.71 hrs e. 62 hrs ____ 54. Consider the following first order reaction. A2B AB + A If it takes 87 seconds for the concentration of A2B to be reduced from 2.2 M to 0.12 M, what is the value of the specific rate constant? a. 0.0334 min-1 b. 2.01 min-1 c. 2.01 s-1 d. 18.3 min-1 e. 3.51 10-3 s-1 ____ 55. The reaction SF4 SF2 + F2 has the following rate law: rate = 0.011 L/mol•s [SF4]2. How many minutes will it take for the concentration of SF4 to be reduced from 2.5 M to 0.25 M? a. 327 min b. 0.025 min c. 5.5 min d. 0.040 min e. 22.7 min ____ 56. Cyclopropane rearranges to form propene in a reaction that is first order. If the rate constant is 2.74 10-3 s-1, how long would it take for 85.6% of the cyclopropane to rearrange if the initial concentration was 0.460 M? a. 51.0 s b. 62.0 s c. 707 s d. 2.74 10-3 s e. 3.83 10-4 s ____ 57. At 300 K the reaction below obeys the rate law Rate =k[NOCl]2 where k = 2.8 10-5 M-1•s-1. 2NOCl 2NO + Cl2 Suppose 1.0 mole of NOCl is introduced into a 2.0-liter container at 300 K. Evaluate the half-life of the reaction. a. 2.6 103 seconds b. 3.6 104 seconds c. 2.4 104 seconds d. 1.1 103 seconds e. 4.0 104 seconds ____ 58. The second order reaction 2CH4 C2H2 + 3H2 has a rate constant of 5.76 M-1•min-1 at 1600 K. How long would it take for the concentration of CH4 to be reduced from 0.89 M to 5.25 10-4 M? a. 165 hrs b. 0.15 hrs c. 2.75 hrs d. 5.51 hrs e. 9.27 hrs ____ 59. Compounds A and B react to form C and D in a reaction that is found to be second-order overall and secondorder in B. The rate constant at 50.°C is 2.48 liter per mole per minute. What is the half-life of B (in min) if 0.822 M B reacts with excess A? A+B C+D a. 0.0139 b. 12.0 c. 1.39 d. 0.491 e. 5.88 ____ 60. At 100 K the reaction below obeys the rate law rate = k[AB2]2 where k = 5.7 M-1•s-1. 2AB2 A2 + 2B2 What would the concentration of AB2 be after 60 minutes if the initial concentration was 1.45 mol/L? a. 4.9 10-5 M b. 2.0 10-5 M c. 1.2 10-2 M d. 2.4 10-5 M e. 1.9 10-4 M ____ 61. At a certain temperature the reaction 2B C + D obeys the rate-law expression rate = (1.14 10-3 M-1•s1 )[B]2. If 5.00 mol of B is initially present in a 1.00-L container at that temperature, how long would it take for 2.00 mol of B to be consumed at constant temperature? a. 224 s b. 87.5 s c. 46.0 s d. 73.0 s e. 58.5 s ____ 62. Compounds A and B react to form C and D in a reaction that is found to be second-order overall and secondorder in B. The rate constant at 30°C is 0.622 liter per mole per minute. A+B C+D How many minutes does it take 4.0 10-2 M B (mixed with excess A) to be reduced to 3.3 10-2 M B? a. 1.4 min b. 3.6 min c. 5.0 min d. 6.4 min e. 8.5 min ____ 63. A plot of versus time is linear for the reaction D E. What is the kinetic order of the reaction? a. second b. first c. zero d. one-half e. negative one ____ 64. A plot of ln [C] versus time is linear for the reaction C D. What is the kinetic order of the reaction? a. second b. first c. zero d. one-half e. negative one ____ 65. Which statement is incorrect? a. The reaction rate for a zero-order reaction is independent of concentrations. b. The specific rate constant for a second-order reaction is independent of temperature. c. The half-life for a first-order reaction is independent of initial concentrations. d. The rate law expression relates rate and concentration. e. The integrated rate equation relates time and concentration. ____ 66. Which of the following statements concerning graphical methods for determining reaction order is false? a. For a first-order reaction the plot of ln [A] vs. time gives a straight line. b. For a first-order reaction the slope of the straight-line graph equals -ak. ____ 67. ____ 68. ____ 69. ____ 70. ____ 71. ____ 72. c. For a second-order reaction the plot of [A]2 vs. time gives a straight line. d. For a first-order reaction the intercept of the straight-line graph equals ln [A]0. e. For a zero-order reaction the plot of [A] vs. time gives a straight line. Which idea listed below is not a part of the collision theory of reaction rates? a. Molecules must be properly oriented when they collide to react. b. Molecules must collide to react. c. Molecules must collide with enough kinetic energy to overcome the potential energy stabilization of the bonds. d. Effective collisions result in a chemical reaction. e. All molecular collisions result in a reaction. Which one of the following statements is false? a. In order for a reaction to occur, reactant molecules must collide with each other. b. A catalyst alters the rate of a reaction and is neither a product nor a reactant in the overall equation. c. According to collision theory a three-body collision is less likely than a two-body collision. d. In reactions that are second order in one reactant and first order in another, the slow step generally involves a three-body collision of these reactants. e. The transition state is a short-lived, high energy state, intermediate between reactants and products. Which of the following statements regarding collision and transition state theory is false? a. Reactants must collide to form products. b. All reactant collisions result in product formation. c. Activation energy is always positive. d. Reactant molecules must absorb energy to form the transition state. e. Reactant collisions must be oriented properly to form products. Which statement is false? a. If a reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous, it may occur rapidly. b. A fast reaction may be thermodynamically spontaneous. c. If a reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous, it may occur slowly. d. If a reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous, it must have a low activation energy. e. Rate of reaction is a kinetic quantity rather than a thermodynamic quantity. Which term is incorrectly matched with its description? a. Activation Energy/ kinetic energy required for reaction to occur b. Transition State/ short-lived high-energy intermediate state c. Effective Collision/ molecular collision resulting in a reaction d. Net energy change of the reaction/ Ea,forward - Ea, reverse e. Exothermic Reaction/ reaction having Ea, reverse > Ea,forward A reaction has an activation energy of 40 kJ and an overall energy change of reaction of -100 kJ. In each of the following potential energy diagrams, the horizontal axis is the reaction coordinate and the vertical axis is potential energy in kJ. Which potential energy diagram best describes this reaction? a. c. e. b. d. ____ 73. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction X+Y Z+R The reaction ____. a. releases energy b. absorbs energy c. is impossible d. occurs without a net change in energy e. may either absorb or release energy ____ 74. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction X+Y Z+R The arrow "d" represents the ____. a. energy content of products b. activation energy for the forward reaction c. energy content of reactants d. activation energy for the reverse reaction e. the net change in energy for the reaction ____ 75. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction X+Y Z+R The activation energy of the reverse reaction is equal to ____. a. d b. c plus d c. c d. a plus c e. d minus a ____ 76. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction X+Y Z+R The arrow "a" represents the ____. a. energy content of products b. activation energy for the forward reaction c. energy content of reactants d. activation energy for the reverse reaction e. the net change in energy for the reaction ____ 77. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction X+Y Z+R The point "b" represents ____. a. the energy of the mixture when half of the reactants have been converted to products b. the energy of the transition state c. the number of moles of transition state that must be formed d. the energy of the forward reaction e. the energy of the reverse reaction ____ 78. Given the following potential energy diagram for the one-step reaction X+Y ____ 79. ____ 80. ____ 81. ____ 82. Z+R The arrow "c" represents the ____. a. net energy of reaction for the forward reaction b. activation energy for the forward reaction c. net energy of reaction for the reverse reaction d. activation energy for the reverse reaction e. energy content for the reaction Which of the following statements about reaction mechanisms is false? a. A reaction can have more than one possible mechanism. b. A reaction mechanism must be consistent with the experimentally observed rate law. c. The slowest step in the reaction mechanism is called the rate-determining step. d. Reaction mechanisms involve complex reaction steps. e. Reaction mechanisms are difficult to prove. A reaction mechanism will usually be a. the only possible explanation for the reaction. b. difficult to verify experimentally. c. proven experimentally to be the balanced chemical equation. d. obvious from a consideration of the balanced chemical equation. e. obvious from a consideration of the reaction rate data. Which of the following is a kinetics concept? a. free energy b. enthalpy c. spontaneity d. reaction mechanism e. entropy Consider the hypothetical reaction shown below. A + 2B AB2 Assume that the following proposed mechanism is consistent with the rate data. B B2 B A + + + + B B2 A AB + B AB AB2 2B AB2 slow fast fast overall Which one of the following statements must be true? The reaction is ____. a. first order in A, second order in B, and third order overall b. second order in B and second order overall c. first order in A and first order overall d. second order in B, zero order in A, and third order overall e. second order in A and second order overall ____ 83. Consider the hypothetical reaction shown below. 2A + C2 A2C + C Assume that the following proposed mechanism is consistent with the rate data. A AC 2A + + + C2 A C2 AC + C A2C A2C + C slow fast overall Which one of the following statements must be true? The reaction is ____. a. first order in A, first order in B, and third order overall b. second order in C2 and second order overall c. first order in A and first order in C2 d. second order in C2, zero order in A, and third order overall e. second order in A and second order overall ____ 84. Consider the following proposed mechanism. If this mechanism for the overall reaction were correct, and if k1 were much less than k2, then the observed rate law would be 2A I+B C+I C+D a. rate =k1[A] b. rate =k2[I][B] c. rate =k1[A]2 d. rate =k1[A]2 -k2[C][D] e. rate =k1k2[A]2[I][B] ____ 85. Suppose the reaction 2AB + C2 A2C + B2C occurs by the following mechanism. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Overall AB B AC2 A2C2 + + + + 2 AB C2 AC2 AB AB2 AB2 A2C2 B2 A2C + C2 + + + A2C B B2 B2C + B2C slow fast fast fast The rate law expression must be rate = ____. a. k[AB][C2] b. k[AB]2[C2] c. k[AB]2 d. k[AB] e. k[C2] ____ 86. Assume the following reaction 3H2 + CO CH4 + H2O occurs by the given reaction mechanism. Step 1 H2 + CO H2CO slow Step 2 Step 3 Overall H2 H2 + H2CO CH4 + O + O H2O 3H2 + CO CH4 + H 2O fast fast The rate law expression must be rate = ____. a. k[H2]2[CO]2 b. k[H2]2[CO] c. k[H2][CO]2 d. k[H2][CO] e. k[H2]2[CO]3 ____ 87. Consider the reaction below and its observed rate law expression. Which proposed mechanisms are consistent with the rate law expression? 2NO2 2NO + O2 rate =k[NO2]2 I. NO2 + NO2 N2O4 N2O4 N2 + 2O2 N2 + O2 2NO 2NO2 2NO + O2 slow fast fast overall II. NO2 N + O2 NO2 + N N2O2 N2O2 2NO 2NO2 2NO + O2 slow fast fast overall III. NO2 NO + O O + NO2 NO + O2 2NO2 2NO + O2 slow fast overall a. I b. II c. III d. I and III e. another combination ____ 88. Which statement concerning a possible mechanism for a reaction is false? a. A possible mechanism must be consistent with the experimental data. b. Each elementary step is represented by a balanced equation. c. The elementary steps must add to give the equation for the overall reaction. d. The speed of the slow step limits the rate at which the overall reaction occurs. e. For all reactions the experimentally determined reaction orders of the reactants indicate the number of molecules of those reactants involved in the slow step of the mechanism. ____ 89. Which of the following statements concerning a reaction and its mechanism is false? a. For a reactant, more is consumed than is formed. b. For a product, more is formed than is consumed. c. A reaction intermediate is formed in early steps and completely consumed in later steps. d. For a multi-step mechanism, the slowest step has the highest activation energy. e. Reactions involving simultaneous trimolecular collisions are very common in gases. ____ 90. Reaction rates increase with increasing temperature because ____. a. the activation energy increases b. larger molecules collide more frequently c. the energy of the transition state is lowered d. the activation energy is decreased e. a greater fraction of molecules possess the activation energy when they collide ____ 91. Which of the following statements regarding temperature and reaction rate is false. a. The Arrhenius equation can be used to find the activation energy of a reaction. b. Reaction rate always increases with higher temperature. c. A larger negative value of G0 causes a faster reaction rate. d. A larger value of Ea causes a slower reaction rate. e. The rate constant for a reaction decreases at lower temperatures. ____ 92. Suppose the activation energy of a certain reaction is 250 kJ/mol. If the rate constant at T1 = 300 K is k1, and the rate constant at T2 = 320 K is k2, then k2/k1 = ____. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/mol•K.) a. 3 10-29 b. 0.067 c. 15.0 d. 525 e. 3 1028 ____ 93. Suppose the activation energy of a certain reaction is 250 kJ/mol. If the rate constant at T1 = 300 K is k1, and the rate constant at T2 = 320 K is k2, then k2/k1 = ____. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/mol•K.) a. 3 10-29 b. 0.067 c. 15.0 d. 525 e. 3 1028 ____ 94. The specific rate constant, k, for a reaction is 2.64 10-2 s-1 at 25°C, and the activation energy is 74.0 kJ/mol. Calculate k at 50°C. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/mol•K.) a. 0.832 s-1 b. 71.9 s-1 c. 0.266 s-1 d. 1.08 s-1 e. 0.0265 s-1 ____ 95. The specific rate constant, k, for a reaction is 0.44 s-1 at 298 K, and the activation energy is 245.kJ/mol. Calculate k at 398 K. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/mol•K.) a. b. c. d. e. 2.71 1010 s-1 6.17 1010 s-1 1.03 1010 s-1 8.32 108 s-1 4.51 109 s-1 ____ 96. The rate constant for a first-order reaction is 0.58 s-1 at 25°C. At what temperature would the rate constant have a value of 0.75 s-1? The activation energy is 84 kJ/mol and the universal gas constant = 8.314 J/mol•K. ____ 97. ____ 98. ____ 99. ____ 100. a. 30°C b. 300°C c. 298 K d. 301 K e. 310 K The specific rate constant, k, for a reaction is 2.64 10-2 s-1 at 25°C, and the activation energy is 74.0 kJ/mol. Calculate k at 50°C. a. 0.832 s-1 b. 71.9 s-1 c. 0.266 s-1 d. 1.08 s-1 e. 0.0265 s-1 The rate constant, k, for a first-order reaction is 1.20 102 s-1 at 45°C and the activation energy is 98.2 kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction at 95°C. a. 1.87 104 s-1 b. 7.72 10-1 s-1 c. 6.06 10-2 s-1 d. 1.40 103 s-1 e. 2.02 105 s-1 The rate constant, k, for a first-order reaction is 1.36 103 s-1 at 90.°C and the activation energy is 78.4 kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction at 50.°C. a. 60.4 s-1 b. 54.5 s-1 c. 23.8 s-1 d. 4.85 s-1 e. 1.78 103 s-1 Calculate the activation energy of a reaction if the rate constant is 0.75 s-1 at 25°C and 11.5 s-1 at 75°C. (The universal gas constant = 8.314 J/mol•K.) a. 681 J/mol b. 20.4 kJ/mol c. 15.8 kJ/mol d. 47.1 kJ/mol e. 31.4 kJ/mol ____ 101. Calculate the activation energy of a reaction if the rate constant is 0.75 s-1 at 25°C and 11.5 s-1 at 75°C. a. 681 J/mol b. 20.4 kJ/mol c. 15.8 kJ/mol d. 47.1 kJ/mol e. 31.4 kJ/mol ____ 102. Calculate the activation energy of a reaction if its rate constant is 2.8 106 s-1 at 24°C and 1.5 107 s-1 at 48°C. a. 26 kJ/mol b. 80. kJ/mol c. 55 kJ/mol d. 67 J/mol e. 3.51 J/mol ____ 103. What would be the activation energy of a reaction if its rate constant at 35°C was double the value of its rate constant at 25°C? a. 63.8 kJ/mol b. 75.1 kJ/mol c. 8.12 kJ/mol d. 52.9 kJ/mol e. 68.3 J/mol ____ 104. A catalyst ____. a. is used up in a chemical reaction b. changes the value of G0 of the reaction c. is always a solid d. does not influence the reaction in any way e. changes the activation energy of the reaction ____ 105. A catalyst a. increases the amount of products present at equilibrium. b. increases the rate at which equilibrium is reached but decreases the equilibrium constant. c. increases the rate at which equilibrium is reached without changing the equilibrium constant. d. increases H for the process. e. lowers S for the process. ____ 106. Which of the following statements about catalysts are false? a. A catalyst lowers the activation energy. b. A catalyst can make a nonspontaneous reaction spontaneous. c. A catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reaction. d. A catalyst speeds up the rate of reaction. e. Catalyst are often transition metals and transition metal oxides. ____ 107. Which of the following is not an example of an important, useful reaction catalyzed by transition metals and/or their oxides? a. the Haber process for the production of ammonia b. the contact process for the production of sulfur trioxide in producing sulfuric acid c. the hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons d. the reaction of leaded fuels with the catalysts in catalytic converters e. the chlorination of benzene ____ 108. The catalytic converters installed in newer models of automobiles are designed to catalyze certain kinds of favorable reactions. Unfortunately, other unfavorable reactions also are catalyzed. Which one of those listed below, all of which are catalyzed in such mufflers, is an unfavorable reaction? a. 2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2(g) b. 2C8H18(g) + 25O2(g) 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g) c. C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) d. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) e. 2NO(g) N2(g) + O2(g) ____ 109. Which statement concerning biological catalysts is false? a. b. c. d. e. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts for specific biochemical reactions. The reactants in enzyme-catalyzed reactions are called substrates. Each enzyme catalyzes many different reactions in a living system. Enzyme-catalyzed reactions are important examples of zero-order reactions. Discovery or synthesis of catalysts that mimic the efficiency of naturally occurring enzymes would saved on the costs of using high temperature and high pressure in commercial processes. ____ 110. The reaction, A + 2B B2 + A, proceeds by the following mechanism: (A is a catalyst.) A + B AB AB + B B2 + A (slow) (fast) What is the rate law expression for this reaction? a. Rate =k[A] b. Rate =k[B] c. Rate =k[A][B] d. Rate =k[A][B]2 e. Rate =k[A]2[B] ____ 111. Consider the following hypothetical reaction: A + B C. Pure A, B and C are mixed together, all at the same concentration, 0.250 M. After 5.00 minutes, the concentration of C is found to be 0.474 M. Calculate the average rate of the reaction. a. 0.0948 M·min-1 b. 0.224 M·min-1 c. 0.0448 M·min-1 d. 22.3 M·min-1 ____ 112. The rate expression for the following reaction is found to be: Rate = k[N2O5] 2N2O5(g) 4NO2(g) + O2(g) What is the overall order of the reaction? a. first order b. second order c. third order d. fourth order ____ 113. For the reaction 2A + B C, the rate-law expression is a. rate = k [ A ]2 [ B ]. b. rate = k [ A ]2. c. rate = k [ A ] [ B ]. d. determined only from experimental data. ____ 114. Cyclopropane rearranges to form propene in a reaction that is first order. If the rate constant is 2.74 10-3 s-1, how long would it take for the concentration of the cyclopropane to be reduced to 0.0662 M if the initial concentration was 0.460 M? a. 144 s b. 2.54 103 s c. 707 s d. 1.41 10-3 s ____ 115. The decomposition of dimethyl ether at 504°C is first order with a half-life of 1570 s. What fraction of an initial amount of dimethyl ether remains after 4710 seconds? a. 1/3 b. 1/6 c. 1/8 d. 1/16 ____ 116. According to the collision theory of reaction rates, for a reaction to occur, molecules, atoms, or ions must first collide. The rate of a reaction can be expressed as the product of three factors. Which one of the following is NOT one of these factors? a. total number of collisions per cubic centimeter per second b. fraction of collisions with intermolecular forces c. fraction of collisions with sufficient energy d. fraction of collisions with proper orientation ____ 117. Many organic compounds containing bromide can undergo a type of reaction called nucleophilic substitution, in which the bromide is replaced by another atom or group of atoms, such as hydroxide: R-Br + OH- R-OH + Br-, where R represents a group of carbon and hydrogen atoms. There are two possible reaction mechanisms, depending, in part, on the structure of the R group. (a) Substitution Nucleophilic Unimolecular, or SN1, has two steps: (1) (2) (b) R-Br R+ + BrR+ + OH- R-OH (slow) (fast) Substitution Nucleophilic Bimolecular, or SN2, has one step, with a notable transition state: (1) OH- + R-Br HO R Br HO-R + Br- (HO-R is the same as R-OH) The nucleophilic substitutions of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane, (CH3)3C-Br, and bromomethane, CH3-Br, have been studied and experimentally found to follow the rate law expressions: (CH3)3C-Br + OH- (CH3)3C-OH + BrCH3-Br + OH- CH3-OH + Br- rate = k[(CH3)3C-Br] rate = k[CH3-Br][OH-] Which reaction mechanism is consistent with the given kinetic data for the nucleophilic substitution of each compound? a. (CH3)3C-Br: SN1 and CH3-Br: SN1 b. (CH3)3C-Br: SN1 and CH3-Br: SN2 c. (CH3)3C-Br: SN2 and CH3-Br: SN1 d. (CH3)3C-Br: SN2 and CH3-Br: SN2 ____ 118. According to L. Kunigk, et al. [Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 18, 217 (2001)], peracetic acid, CH3COOOH, (also called peroxyacetic acid) is a powerful sanitizer, but it has a high rate of decomposition. The activation energy for the decomposition is 66.20 kJ/mol and the rate constant at 25°C is 1.71 10-3 h-1. At what temperature would the rate constant be 9.64 10-3 h-1? a. 46°C b. 105°C c. 32°C d. 1407°C ____ 119. Methyl butyrate, , is an ester that has the smell of apples. In the presence of strong acids, it rapidly hydrolyses (splits by reaction with water). A proposed mechanism has these steps: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Overall: What is the catalyst in this reaction? a. H2O b. c. d. H+ ____ 120. Although more than 95% of all catalysts industrially are heterogeneous, there are certainly some important chemicals produced using a homogeneous catalyst. Of the industrial processes identified below by their chemical equations, most are homogeneous. Which one is heterogeneous? a. The oxidation of sulfur dioxide, SO2, to sulfur trioxide, SO3, in the manufacture of sulfuric acid (the contact process): b. The hydroformylation of alkenes (the oxo process): c. The oxidation of alkenes (the Wacker-Hoechst process): d. The carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid (the Monsanto process): Kinetics Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: TOP: 39. ANS: 40. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: The Rate of a Reaction C PTS: 1 TOP: The Rate of a Reaction A PTS: 1 TOP: The Rate of a Reaction E PTS: 1 TOP: The Rate of a Reaction B PTS: 1 TOP: The Rate of a Reaction A PTS: 1 TOP: The Rate of a Reaction D PTS: 1 TOP: Nature of the Reactants E PTS: 1 TOP: Nature of the Reactants C PTS: 1 TOP: Nature of the Reactants C PTS: 1 TOP: Nature of the Reactants E PTS: 1 TOP: Nature of the Reactants C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 DIF: * Harder Question Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression 41. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression 42. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: * Harder Question TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression 43. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: * Harder Question TOP: Concentrations of Reactants: the Rate-Law Expression 44. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 45. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 46. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 47. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 48. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 49. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 50. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 51. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 52. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 53. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 54. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 55. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 56. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 57. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 58. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 59. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 60. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 61. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 62. ANS: E PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 63. ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 64. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 65. ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: 66. ANS: TOP: 67. ANS: 68. ANS: 69. ANS: 70. ANS: 71. ANS: 72. ANS: 73. ANS: 74. ANS: 75. ANS: 76. ANS: 77. ANS: 78. ANS: 79. ANS: 80. ANS: 81. ANS: 82. ANS: 83. ANS: 84. ANS: TOP: 85. ANS: 86. ANS: 87. ANS: 88. ANS: 89. ANS: 90. ANS: 91. ANS: 92. ANS: 93. ANS: 94. ANS: 95. ANS: 96. ANS: 97. ANS: 98. ANS: 99. ANS: 100. ANS: 101. ANS: 102. ANS: 103. ANS: 104. ANS: 105. ANS: 106. ANS: 107. ANS: 108. ANS: 109. ANS: Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation C PTS: 1 DIF: * Harder Question Concentration Versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation E PTS: 1 TOP: Collision Theory of Reaction Rates D PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory B PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory D PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory E PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory A PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory A PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory E PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory B PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory B PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory B PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory D PTS: 1 TOP: Transition State Theory D PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression B PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression C PTS: 1 DIF: * Harder Question Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression D PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression A PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Law Expression E PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation C PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation D PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation D PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation C PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation A PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation B PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation C PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation A PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation B PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation D PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation D PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation C PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation D PTS: 1 TOP: Temperature: The Arrhenius Equation E PTS: 1 TOP: Catalysts C PTS: 1 TOP: Catalysts B PTS: 1 TOP: Catalysts D PTS: 1 TOP: Catalysts D PTS: 1 TOP: Catalysts C PTS: 1 TOP: Catalysts 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: C C A D C C B B A D A PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TOP: TOP: TOP: TOP: TOP: Catalysts Additional Questions Additional Questions Additional Questions Additional Questions TOP: TOP: TOP: TOP: TOP: Additional Questions Additional Questions Additional Questions Additional Questions Additional Questions