Circulatory and Respiratory
System
Vocabulary!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Atrium
Ventricle
Pulmonary Circulation
Systemic Circulation
Valves
Pacemaker
Capillaries
Veins
9. Arteries
10. Pharynx
11. Trachea
12. Bronchi
13. Alveoli
14. diaphragm
The Circulatory System
• The blood, heart, and blood vessels form the
cardiovascular system
• The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels
form the lymphatic system
• The Cardiovascular system and the lymphatic
system make up the CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The Heart
• A muscular organ that pumps blood through a
network of blood vessels
• Pumps on average more than 2.5 billion times in a
lifetime
• About the size of your fist
• A tough, sac-like membrane surrounds the heart=
pericardium
Actual Images of the Human Heart
Heart Coloring Page
Anatomy of the Heart
• The septum (a wall) divides the heart into two sides
• Left side pumps blood to the lungs, right side pumps blood to
the body
• Each side of the heart is broken up into an upper and lower
chamber
• Upper Chamber=atrium
• Lower Chamber= ventricle
• Valves are flaps of tissue that open in one direction
• The atrioventricular valve (Aortic Valve) on the right is a
tricuspid valve
• The mitral valve, or bicuspid valve is on the left
Brain Pop! Heart
Circulation in the Heart—Follow along on
your coloring sheets!
1. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium
2. Right atrium sends deoxygenated blood into the right ventricle
3. Muscles of the right ventricle contract and force the blood into the
pulmonary arteries (arteries send blood AWAY from the heart)
4. The pulmonary artery sends the blood to the lungs where the blood
will pick up oxygen
5. The oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium of the heart
6. The oxygenated blood is then pumped into the left ventricle
7. Contraction of the muscular walls of the left ventricle force the blood
into the largest blood vessel, the AORTA
8. From the AORTA blood is pumped into all parts of the body
Heart Circulation Video Clip
• 4 facts
Circulatory Songs
• #1 Mr. Parr
• #2 Rap
Control of the Heartbeat
• The heart muscles force the heart to contract to move the blood
from one chamber to another
• The SINOATRIAL NODE (SA) is a group of specialized cells in the
right atrium that initiate an electrical impulse (often called the
pacemaker)
• The electrical impulse reaches the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE in the
septum causing the ventricles to contract a fraction of a second
later than the atriums….
• With each beat, the respective heart valves close to keep blood
from flowing backwards…“lub-dub” heart beat is the sound of the
valves closing
• If there is a defect or problem with a valve blood can go backwards
and is heard as a ‘murmur’
Blood Vessels
• ARTERIES are large, muscular vessels that carry blood
away from the heart
• Your ARTERIES stretch with each heartbeat (this is
your ‘pulse’)
• The force that blood exerts against the inside walls of
a blood vessel= BLOOD PRESSURE
• High blood pressure = HYPERTENSION
Capillaries and Veins
• Blood begins in the AORTA, the largest artery
• From the AORTA, blood flows through smaller
arteries, which then divide into smaller
arterioles, and then even tinier capillaries.
• Blood flows back to the heart going from
capillaries, to venules, to veins, the VENA CAVA,
to the heart
Brain Pop Circulatory System!
Circulatory System Coloring
Crash Course
Respiratory System
•The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM exchanges
gases with the cardiovascular system
•The LUNGS are the site of the gas
exchange between the atmosphere and
the blood
Respiratory Coloring
Path of Air—Follow along on your coloring
sheet!
1. Air is taken in through the mouth and nose, in the nose air is filtered through
small hairs and mucous membranes which moisten and warm the air
2. The air then moves to the throat or PHARYNX
3. The EPIGLOTTIS is a small flap that covers the opening to the trachea (so you
don’t swallow food)
4. Passing the pharynx, air goes into the TRACHEA (or windpipe) and is lined
with cilia to trap particles
5. Air also passes the LARYNX (or voicebox) at this point
6. The Trachea breaks into 2 BRONCHI which lead to the 2 lungs
7. The bronchi branch into smaller and smaller tubes: BRONCHIOLES and finally
ALVEOLI, tiny air sacs where the gas exchange occurs
Video Clip—Path of Air
Breathing
• INSPIRATION=taking air into the lungs
• When you breathe in, your DIAPHRAGM
contracts and pushes up, expanding the lungs
• When you breathe out—EXPIRATION--, your
DIAPHRAGM relaxes
• Breathing is controlled by your Nervous System
and Brain
• FUN FACT—you can’t suffocate yourself by
holding your breath!
Lab/Activity