AP Euro-Lively
Unit 3: New Directions – Exploration, Expansion, Society, and the Arts
Chapters 15 & Palmer Study Guide
Directions: Part I of this assignment will consist of key term identifications, which will be assessed as
part of the essay/project category. You are required to provide a 2-3 sentence identification of each
term that appears below. This identification should include a basic definition of the term (who, what,
where, when) and also a statement of significance (So what?). Each set of unit terms is worth 10
essay/project points, and for each term that is insufficient, inaccurate, or missing, one point will be
deducted from your score. Please note that you are NOT ALLOWED TO REDO unit terms. Parts IIIV of this assignment make up the unit study guide, which will be assessed as part of the homework
category. Please see the end of the study guide for scoring details. Unit Terms and the Unit Study
Guide must be submitted as two separate assignments, which means DO NOT STAPLE THEM
TOGETHER!
Part I
Identifying Key Terms
Notable People
Prince Henry the Navigator
Christopher Columbus
Bartholomew Diaz
Hernando Cortez
Bartolome de las Casas
Michel de Montaigne
Giovanni Bernini
Francisco Pizarro
Ferdinand Magellan
Vasco da Gama
Fuggers
Terms and Events
Columbian Exchange
Conquistadors
Encomienda
Joint-stock company
Price Revolution
Treaty of Tordesillas
Mercantilism
Part II
Triangular trade
Middle Passage
Malleus Maleficarum
Dutch East India Company
Bank of Amsterdam
London Stock Exchange
“Old Imperialism”
Entrepreneur
Commercial Revolution
Putting Out System
Usury
Review Questions
Directions: Check your understanding of this chapter by answering the following questions in about
four-five well written and effective sentences each.
1. Why did Europeans begin to embark on voyages of discovery and expansion at the end of
the fifteenth century?
2. How did Portugal and Spain acquire their overseas empires, and how did their empires
differ?
3. How did European expansion affect both the conquerors and the conquered?
4. What was mercantilism, and what was its relationship to colonial empires?
5. What was the relationship between European overseas expansion and political, economic,
and social developments in Europe?
6. What was the social status of women between 1560-1648, and what do the witch hunts tell
us about social attitudes toward women?
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7. What is skepticism? Why did faith and religious certainty begin to come to an end in the
first part of the seventeenth century?
8. Explain how advances in learning and technology influenced fifteenth and sixteenth century
European exploration and trade.
9. Explain the reasons for the rise of the Netherlands as a leading commercial power in the
period 1550-1650.
10. Describe the causes of the “price revolution” and the effect of this period of inflation upon
European society.
11. Describe the differences between Spanish and Portuguese exploration in the sixteenth
century and English and Dutch exploration in the seventeenth century.
12. Describe the reasons behind King Charles I’s decision to begin the African slave trade.
13. Using at least two specific pieces of art, describe Baroque art. Who supported its
development, and how was it both similar to and different from previous styles of art?
14. What are the defining characteristics of the Commercial Revolution?
15. What are the three factors that caused the further development of the Commercial
Revolution during the early modern age?
Part III Chronological Awareness
Directions: Place the following events in the correct chronological order. Provide the year of each
event. Since the events are given to you in a sequence that is out of chronological order, please
reorder the events correctly. In the event that one or more of the events listed below do not have a
single year in which it took place, provide the appropriate date ranges. Rewrite this list in the
correct chronological order, providing the year of the event, occurrence, or trend.
1. Sack of Antwerp by Alexander Farnese
2. Vasco da Gama lands at Calicut in India
3. Dutch found New Amsterdam
4. Dutch seize Malacca from Portuguese
5. Portuguese capture Malacca from Muslims
6. English settlement at Jamestown
7. African slave trade begins
8. Treaty of Tordesillas
9. Pizarro defeats Incas in Peru
10. Opening of the Potosi mines
Part IV Multiple Choice Practice
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested
answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case, and then write the letter and the
answer of your choice on your study guide.
1. Which of the following is true about the commercial revolution in Europe?
a. Most of the money used for overseas commercial venture came from European
governments.
b. Joint-stock companies provided the means for individual investor to profit from overseas
commercial ventures.
c. European nations willingly cooperated to prevent commercial rivalries in the New
World.
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d. Private banking houses continued to be the standard financial institutions of the age of
exploration.
e. Most nations saw a reduction in tariffs and trade restrictions during the commercial
revolution.
2. Which of the following is the underlying premise of mercantilism?
a. Agriculture should be the backbone of the economy.
b. Government intervention in the economy is detrimental to its prosperity.
c. There is a limited amount of bullion in the world, and the nation that controls the most
will dominate politically and economically.
d. Colonies are a waste of resources, and the money could be better spent on public
transportation projects.
e. Governments should work hard to prevent monopolies.
3. The Treaty of Tordesillas
a. Set boundaries that divided New World colonization between the English and the
French.
b. Set boundaries that divided New World colonization between the Portuguese and the
Spanish.
c. Set boundaries that divided West Indian trade routes between the Dutch and the
Portuguese.
d. Banned the Catholic Church from missionary activity in China.
e. Banned the Catholic Church from missionary activity in Japan.
4. All of the following were goals of Prince Henry the Navigator EXCEPT
a. Seeking a Christian kingdom as an ally against the Muslims.
b. Finding new trade opportunities for Portugal.
c. Extending Christianity to the newly discovered regions.
d. Buying slaves to ship to the New World.
e. Wanting to explore the coast of Africa for Portugal.
5. Overseas trade and settlement in the seventeenth century was most clearly dominated by
a. The Dutch.
b. Portugal.
c. Spain.
d. England.
e. France.
6. Which of the following is a TRUE statement about the means of overseas expansion during the
age of exploration?
a. The nations most heavily involved in overseas trade were those that had dominated trade
during the medieval and Renaissance periods.
b. Ptolemy’s world map quickly led explorers astray, and it wasn’t until Mercator made his
famous map that sailors were able to venture to the New World.
c. The invention of the quadrant allowed sailors to safely sail below the equator.
d. In the late fifteenth century, most educated Europeans still thought the earth was flat and
feared sailing until Columbus returned from his first voyage.
e. The growth of centralized monarchies during the Renaissance created governments that
had the means to support overseas expansion.
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7. Why did the English, Dutch, and French governments fail to begin colonization of the Americas
and direct trade with the Orient until more than 100 years after Columbus “discovered”
America?
a. Their geographical positions put them at a disadvantage for trans-oceanic movement.
b. The northern countries lacked suitable ships and the advanced technology to make long
voyages.
c. Domestic troubles and religious controversies delayed organized action.
d. Western European bankers refused to loan monarchs money for such ventures.
e. The northerners were slow to abandon their traditional Mediterranean trade routes.
8. All of the following statements regarding the “Price Revolution” begun in Europe during the
sixteenth century are true EXCEPT
a. Workers’ wages increased to equal the rising standard of living.
b. A steady rise in population added to consumer demand.
c. Imports of gold and silver increased the money supply.
d. The policies of the new monarchies included steady hikes in taxes.
e. The availability of bank credit increased business expansion and production.
9.
Couples in early modern Europe generally put off marriage until they were, on average, in their
mid- to late twenties because
a. sexual maturation was delayed until the mid-twenties because of poor nutrition.
b. they were concerned about scarcity of housing.
c. they needed to acquire land or learn a trade before they could support a family.
d. the customs and mores of a society dominated by religion promoted sexual restraint.
e. laws prohibited marriage without parental permission before the age of majority.
10. Why did African slavery grow quickly in the Caribbean and South America in the sixteenth
century?
a. As Europeans came to love tobacco, tobacco plantations demanded more slave labor.
b. European realized that African slaved worked well with European slaves and, therefore,
produced more cotton.
c. The Spanish conquered the Dutch colonies in the New World and began to use African
slaves to cultivate coffee.
d. Because rice was a staple in diets around the world, Europeans realized that they needed
more slaves to produce larger quantities of it.
e. Because of the European appetite for sugar, natures shipped African slaves in large
numbers to the New World to work on sugar cane plantations.
Note: Incomplete study guides will receive a 10 point penalty. This will not be allowed to be made
up via redo. Organize your time and work on your study guide a little bit at a time. Substantially
incomplete study guides will be graded, but considered late, and only allowed to be redone up to 25
points.
Study Guide Grading Rubric. 50 points.
Review Questions (20 points) - 4 questions will be selected at random from those above. Each will
be worth 5 points.
Multiple Choice (10 points) - This section is worth 10 points. 1 point will be deducted for each
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AP Euro-Lively
incorrect response.
Chronology (10 points) - This section is worth 10 point. Points will be deducted for each incorrect
response.
Overall Completion (10 points) - 10 points will be awarded for completion of all questions and
parts.
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