Chapter 9
I. Verb Review
A. Personal Endings - tell us what
person is speaking
Latin singular
1st:
2nd:
3rd:
English singular
Latin plural
English plural
Activity 1 - translate into English
1.
Tu in villā rides.
2.
Vos ad urbem reditis.
3.
Nos sumus defessi.
4.
Ego ad rivum ire volo.
Activity 2 - conjugate
lacrimo, lacrimare
tempto, temptare
porto, portare
Infinitives
two
In English the verb form is composed of ________
parts
______________
and can be recognized by the word
to climb
_______.
Some examples are _________________,
to
to climb down
to laugh
_________________,
and _________________.
In Latin the verb form can be recognized by the
-re
ascendere
______
ending. Some examples are______________,
descendere
ridēre
________________
and ________________.
Activity 3 - underline the infinitive and then translate
1.
Cornelia misera in villā manēre vult.
2.
Ego in piscinam cadere nolo.
3.
Vos arborem ascendere potestis.
4.
Nos ad urbem īre volumus.
Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases
A preposition describes a relationship . . .
The squirrel is behind the tree.
The squirrel is beside the tree.
The squirrel is under the tree.
Behind, beside and in front of are all
prepositions; they identify the relation
of the squirrel to the tree.
noun
When a preposition is used with a ______________,
around the tree, a ___________________
prepositional
phrase
noun
______________
is formed. The _______________
used to form the prepositional phrase is called the
object of the preposition
________________________.
Activity 4 – Underline the prepositional phrase(s) in
each of the following sentences and
circle the object of the preposition.
1.
After school we can go to the movie.
2.
The children are swimming across the river.
3.
I enjoy walking with the girls.
4.
He is standing against the wall.
5.
Before the dance my sister was nervous.
6.
Without help I will not be able to complete this
work.
7.
My parents are out of town.
8.
Walking from home to school and then from school
to home is our daily routine.
9.
You are standing on my yellow and brown striped tie.
10.
I cannot see in such bright lights.
What is meant by case?
case tells how the noun is
used in a sentence
nominative = subject
accusative = direct object
In Latin the object of the preposition may go
accusative case or a new
into either the ______________
ablative
case, ____________.
Noun Endings
1st declension
2nd declension
3rd declension
sing.
pl.
sing.
pl.
sing.
pl.
nominative:
-a
-ae
-us
-i
r-o-x-s
-es
accusative:
-am
-as
-um
-os
-em
-es
ablative:
-ā
-is
-o
-is
-e
-ibus
case
Which ______________
you use depends on the
preposition You must ______________
memorize
___________.
object
which prepositions take their _____________
accusative
in the _______________
case and which prepositions
object
take their _______________
in
the ______________
case.
ablative
Accusative
Ablative
ad ________________
sub _____________
per ________________ e, ex ____________
prope ______________
in _________________
in ______________
Prepositions that take their noun in the accusative case:
Ad villam redit.
Ad ianuam dormit.
Per agros currit.
Prope rivum sedet.
Prepositions that take their noun in the ablative case:
Sub arbore dormit.
Ex arbore cadit.
The preposition in:
In villam currit.
In villā sedet.
Statua in piscinam cadit.
In ramo sedet.
The first and third sentence, the preposition ______
in
accusative
is used with a word in the _____________
case, and
into
the meaning of the preposition is ________.
In the second and fourth sentence, the preposition _____
in
is used with a word in the _____________
case, and the
ablative
meaning of the preposition is ______
in
or ______.
on
in
The preposition ______
can be used with either the
accusative
ablative
_______________
or _______________
case.
Activity 6 - select the correct noun and translate
1. Marcus ad _____ sedet.
aborem/arbore
2. Puellae e _____ ad _____ ambulant.
3. Multi servi in _____ laborant.
silvam/silvā
villam/villā
agros/agris
4. Cornelia amicam e _____ in _____ ducit.
5. Servus sub _____ dormit.
6. Pueri per _____ currunt.
villam/villā
agros/agris
ramos/ramis
agros/agris
7. Cornelius ad ______ redire parat.
urbem/urbe
8. Flavia prope ______ sedet.
arbore/arborem
9. Sextus ex ______ celeriter ambulat.
horto/hortum
Activity 7 - Underline the prepositional phrases, identify the
noun object as either accusative or ablative and
translate the sentence.
1.
Marcus in villam currit. Nuntius in villā est.
object and case:
2.
Davus in horto laborat. Marcus in hortum festinat.
object and case:
3.
Puer in arbore sedet. Puella in villam intrat.
object and case:
4.
Pueri in agris ambulāre parant. Puellae in agros
lente ambulant.
object and case:
5.
In Italiā sunt multi servi. Alii in agris laborant,
alii in urbibus.
object and case:
6.
Servi sub arboribus sedēre volunt.
object and case: