Cell Organelles
Structure and Function
Example:
Mr. Boandl
• Structure
o
o
Made of bone wrapped in tons of muscle
Tall, 6 feet 1 inch
• Function
o TO
GIVE JACOB DOLIN THE
MOTORCYCLE!!!!!
Picture of Chuck Norris
• Location
-Whitehall High, D104
Chuck Norris on
his 15th
birthday.
Chuck
Norris last year.
Cell Membrane
• Structure:
-double layer of phospholipids
-includes wide variety of proteins
• Function:
-isolates cell's contents from the external
environment
-regulates flow into and out of cell
-allows interaction with other cells
Picture of Cell Membrane
• Location:
-outside cell (encloses cell) & inside cell
wall
-plants and animals
Cell Wall
• Structure:
• the cell wall is made of cellulose and
cellulose like material.
• cellulose is an insoluable carbohydrate
compsed of glucose subunits.
• Function:protects the cell from it's
enviroment and keeps certain substances
out.
• supports the cell and keeps it up so the
plant will stand up straight.
Picture of Cell Wall
• Location:around the outside of a cell.
• only in plants
(and picture)
Cytoplasm
• Structure:
o includes water, salts, and an assortment
of organic molecules
o also contains organelles
• Function:
o keeps organelles in place
Picture of Cytoplasm
• Location:
o everywhere but the nucleus
o plants and animals
Nucleus
• Structure:
nucleolus: synthesize ribosomes
nuclear pore: allow selective exchange of materials help control
the flow of information
chromatin: consist of uncondense DNA, granular material
nuclear envelope: seperate nuclear material from the cytoplasm
• Function:
- membrane bound container for chromosomes
-contain the cell genetic material (DNA)
- regulate/ control the flow of protein and RNA
Picture of nucleus
• Location:
Nucleolus
• Structure:
a) consists of ribosomal RNA & has ribosomes
in
synthesis.
b) proteins & DNA
• Function:
a) makes & synthesizes ribosomes
b) any ribosome can be used to
synthesize
thousands of proteins made
by a cell
Hi drew!!
Picture of Nucleolus
• Location: dark stain in middle of nucleus
Ribosome
• Structure:
• composed of proteins and RNA
• can be single or strung along messanger
RNA (very small)
• Function:
• provides the site of protein synthesis
• assembles the proteins that are essential for
the cell
Fun Fact!!
Ribosomes do not have membranes.
Picture of Ribosomes
• Location:
• made in the nucleolus and is in the
cytoplasm or on the ER
• in both plant and animal cells
Microtubules and Microfilaments
• Structure:
• Function:
Picture of Microtubules and
Microfilaments
• Location:
(and picture)
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
• Structure:
1. Part of the Endoplasmic Reticulum
2. Outer part of the ER
3. Contains no ribosomes
• Function:
1. In your liver, it contains enzymes that detoxify harmful drugs in
metabolic byproducts.
2. In some cells it synthesizes other types of lipids such as the
steroid hormones testosterone and estrogen.
Picture of Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
1.Location: outside the ER which is on the
outside of the nucleus.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Structure:
a. has ribosomes on the outside
b. Series of inter-conneted channels in the cytoplasm
• Function:
a. the ribosomes synthesize proteins, including
membrane proteins.
b. Synthesizes itself and lipids.
Picture of Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• Location:
a. found in the cytoplasm
b. outside the nuclear envelope
Golgi Apparatus
• Structure:
o Specialized set of membraneous sacs
o Looks like a set of hollow pancakes
• Function:
o Seperates protiens and lipids recieved from the ER
according to their destinations
o Modifies some molecules
o Packages these materials int vesicles that are then
transported to other parts of the cell or to the
plasma membrane for export.
Picture of Golgi Apparatus
• Location:
o Floats around in the cytoplasm
o It is in both animal and plant cells
Lysosome
• Structure:
• Function
Picture of Lysosome
• Location:
(and picture)
Mitochondria
• Structure:
o
o
o
1-5 micrometers in diameter(round, oval, or tubular).
Surrounded by a double membrane
Have their own DNA
• Function
o
o
Convert the energy of sugar into ATP for use by the cell
Break down of sugar is initiated without the use of
oxygen but by enzymes in the fluid portion of the cytoplasm
Picture of Mitochondria
• Location:
o All eukaryotic cell, including plants
o Within the cytoplasm
fun fact:Mitochondrial energy production is necessary for strength,
stamina, and thought
Chloroplast
• Structure:
 1-5 micrometers in length
 surrounded by a double membrane
• Function
 Sites of photosynthesis in plants and
photosynthetic protists
 Transfers sunlight into glucose
Picture of Chloroplast
• Location:
In the cytoplasm, within the cell
membrane and the cell wall
Found only in plant cells
Vacuole
• :
Fluid filled sacs.
Surrounded by a single membrane
Some food vacuoles formed during phagosytosis
are only temporary, while many cells contain
permanant ones
• Function
o Regulation balenfce of cells water content
o a dump site for hazerdous waste
o Stores sugars/ amino acid not immediatly needed
by the cell
o help cell maintain structure by turgor pressure
o
o
o
Picture of Vacuole
• Location:
o Found at the ends/tips of cells.