Chapter 19 section 1 Emily Hoyles Zack Johnston Amanda Lightcap Taylor Moore Sarah Ditty Early expansion to the distant East • American merchants had been visiting Canton to trade with China since 1785. • In China the United States was to receive the best treatment offered by any country . Trading with Japan • The United States merchants wanted to trade with Japan, but this was not easy to arrange. • Mathew C. Perry tried to improve the education of midshipmen. • He refused to deal with minor officials • He did open trade with Japan. American trade in Hawaii • They arrived in Hawaii in the 1790’s. • 1849 the united states declared that it could never allow Hawaiian island to pass under the dominion of any other power. • President pierce tried to annex of Hawaii in 1854. • Expansion was no longer a stopped by sectional rivalry . Seward pursues expansion • William H Seward became the secretary of the states. • Became champion of expansionist hopes. • When asked to buy Alaska the jumped at the chance. • He pursued the senate to approve the Alaska treaty on April 19 ,1867 . The Alabama plains • One of the knottiest concerned the so called Alabama claims. • These were claims for damages to Union shipping. • They registered their ships under foreign flags. The treaty of Washington • The British refused to take senator Sumner's claim seriously. • In 1871 American and British commissioners signed a treaty of Washington. • Great Britain violated the international walls of neutrality. • The awarded 15.5 million dollars in damages to the United States. Napoleon III’s Mexican empire • • • • In 1863 napoleon III sent an army to Mexico. He overthrew the Mexican government. The United States objected. Summer of 1866 napoleon III removed the French troops. • Summer of 1867 he was executed by a Mexican firing squad. United States and Samoa • Remote island of Tutuila. • American sailors had always been interested in this island. • The island was divided between Germany and United States. Problems with Chile • 1889 – first international American conference in Washington. • Founded the international bureau of the American republics. • United states was an overpowering neighbor. • In Chile- October 1891- American sailors on shore leave from the cruiser had been attacked. Continued • The Chilean government refused to apologize for the attack. • Later they apologized and agreed to pay damages to the families of the killed and wounded sailors. Section 2 By: Ian Scheller Dylan Deivert Jesse Carr Sea Expansion • The U.S. was the third strongest navy in the world. • The navy’s power had no effect on the depression, farm revolt, labor unrest, free silver, and populism. • The U.S. kept putting its money into the navy disregarding the nations problems. Mahan and Sea of Power • Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan helped set up the Naval War College being a scholar of war himself. • Wrote a book, “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History.” • Controlled the Caribbean with his navy. • Followed by Theodore Roosevelt. Renewed attempts to annex Hawaii • In 1891 Queen Liliuoalani came to throne. • She did not want American settlers to come to Hawaii. • January 1893 the settlers with help from U.S. Marines overthrew the Queen. • After this event President Grover Cleveland tried to restore “Queen Lil” to her throne. • Hawaii was finally annexed after the SpanishAmerican war on July 1898 The Venezuelan Boundary Dispute • Dispute over British-Venezuelan border. • President Cleveland believed the Monroe Doctrine was at stake. • Lord Salisbury, British prime minister, believed the Monroe Doctrine was not part of international law. • Eventually British gave in so they didn’t have more problems with fighting other countries due to the fight over control of South Africa. 511-513 Paige Simpson, Kelsey Klingman, Jake Furr, Dylan Stelfox Problems In Cuba • Rebels in Cuba began agitating for independence • People in the United States felt sympathetic for people in Cuba. • When Cuban Rebels declared there independence Spanish government sent in troops led by General Valeriano • Presidents tried to acquire the island from Spain. • Cuban rebels were tortured and women men Joseph Pulitzer • Joseph Pulitzer was a Hungarian immigrant that secured his way to the United States by enlisting in the Union army. • His energy and enterprise made a fortune in the newspaper business. • If there was no startling news he would invent some. • To make New York World more interesting he invented a comic strip, and invented a cartoonist Richard F. Outcault to draw the United States Readies for War • Spain began to negotiate with the United States about the Cuban’s freedom, it seemed as if there was no need to fight. • The Yellow Press printed a stolen letter from the Spanish Ambassador Dupuy de Lome to President McKinley saying he was a “weak and a bitter for the admiration of the crowd. • Though de Lome quickly resigned, the Americans were angered by his insults. United States goes to war • April 11th the day after President McKinley learned that Spain would agree to do everything the Americans wanted he asked Congress to declare a war. • The war only lasted a few months, but it was enough to make the greatest confusion ever. The Yellow Press • American news papers insulted General Weyler’s decisions. • The Sunday World and The New York Journal both featured “The Yellow Kid” so they were called The Yellow Press. Chapter 19 Section 4 By Shannon Snyder, Natashia Fox, Tionie Shambach, Jeffrey Heintzelman, Lisa Watkins Rough riders • At a training camp Roosevelt gathered cowboy sheriffs and desperadoes from the west and a sprinkling of playboy polo players and steeplechase riders from the east.. Rough Riders!! • On June 22, Roosevelt's Rough Rider over rived in Cuba. • The Rough Riders were in a battle just to capture Santiago, on their mission they stormed the hill with out any horses. • After a long bloody battle they finally reached their goal. Theodore Roosevelt! • • • • Was the governor of New York. Also known as a Rough Rider. He was a Vice President candidate. Once nominated, he threw himself into the companion with his usual boyish vigor. Splendid Little War! • Was not a normal size war. • 385 deaths . • American Revolution lasted 8 years, Civil War lasted 4 years, Spanish War lasted 4 months. • John Hay ( future secretary of state) call this war “Splendid Little War.” • This war cost about a quarter billion dollars. • Many of the deaths in this war was from some kind of war. Splendid war continued. • This war was a remarkable change in the relationships of the U.S. to the world. • Tides of history were turned. • Spanish were defeated and they gave up against the US and Empire of Islands. • US acquired Puerto Rico at the gateway to the Caribbean along with Guam. • American Colonies added up to 100,000 square miles, holding 10 million people. • England, France, or Germany had more so the American Colonies were small. Splendid war continued. • Meaning of the American- Spanish war In American history was actually less in what it accomplished than in what it proclaimed. • Spanish- American war at the threshold of the 1900 was our first war of intervention. • We had joined the old fashion race of empire. Americans opposed to Empire. • Feared seizing land in the Pacific might lead to war with Japan sometime. • Felt Asians could never be part of Democracy. • Wondered how US could uphold Declaration of Independence if it became an empire. • Labor leader Samuel Gompers, Industrialized Andrew Carnegie, President Charlie W Eliot of Harvard and president David Starr Jordan of standard ford, Philosopher William James, Social worker Jane Addams, popular writer Mark Twain, William Jennings Bryan. • Filipinos did not want to be ruled by the US or Spain, they fought against the Americans. Americans opposed to Empire. • Minkinley was renominated by the republicans in Philadelphia in 1900. • Democrats met at Kansas City on independence day and nominated William Jennings Bryan. • Americans were worried/sad/angry , calling themselves “ Anti- Imperialists” because they hated to see the US become an empire. Pages 516 to 518 By Veronica Diaz, Toni Swigart, Jasmine Jackson, Curtis Braswell, Josh Foust The Reorganization of Cuba • The U.S. was running a colonial empire. • The administration began setting up governments for the former Spanish islands • The teller amendment was attached to congress war resolution April 20 1898 • It pledged that the U.S. would exercise sovereignty over Cuba. • They would leave government of the island to its people. The Reorganization of Cuba (continued) • U.S troops did not leave. • Among the troops was General Leonard Wood. • The ruins wrought by the revolution were repaired. • A school system was organized. • Peace lasted while the Cubans wrote up a new constitution. • People were weakened and dying of the The Reorganization of Cuba (continued) • Major Walter Reed headed a commission of the Army Medical Corps. • They proves that Yellow Fever was carried by a mosquito which bred in stagnant waters. • They helped cure the disease so Cuba could prosper. • The U.S. wanted certain assurances before it would withdrawal its army from Cuba. A New Status for Puerto Rico • Puerto Rico had a population of almost 1 million citizens that were willing to come under control of the U.S. • The Foraker Act of April 1900 organized Puerto Rico as a compromise between a colony and a territory. • A president appoint a governor and a council of 11, including 5 Puertoricans. • Puertoricans would elect a legislature of 35 people. The Open Door in China • On the other side of the world the new imperial powers were trying to occupy new lands. • After China was defeated by Japan in a war through 1894-1895, the country lay at mercy of the great powers. • China was cut up into spears of influence.