Lab Exercise 18 Articulations
Procedural Inquiries P159 #1-5, 9-11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
9.
10.
11.
What is an articulation?
What are the parts of a joint? What is the role of each part?
What are the types of joints?
What the types of cartilage associated with the joints?
What is the role of each type of joint cartilage?
What are the major movements of joints?
How can we classify joints according to structure?
How can we classify joints according to function?
Terminology p 165-66
Define these terms.
Adduction
Circumduction
Protraction
Inversion
Abduction
Rotation
Supination
Eversion
Flexion
Lateral rotation
Pronation
Dorsiflexion
Extension
External rotation
Elevation
Plantar flexion
Hyperextension
Retraction
Depression
Opposition
Using the above terms, describe the following motions: You may use a partner for this.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
shaking your head
waving goodbye
pitching a baseball
shrugging you shoulders
tapping your foot
Additional Activities #1-3
1. Investigate the principle behind using braces to reconstruct the gomphoses.
2. Explore different types of joint dislocations.
3. Double-jointed people do not really have two joints ar an articulation point. Instead, doublejointedness is the result of differences in the synovial sac. What types of difference do you
suppose these are?
General Questions p 168-69, # 3, 4, 6, 7
For each joint on the list below, give the type of joint and the bones involved. Try completing this
exercise using just your knowledge of the bones and the given descriptions of the joint characteristics. If
necessary, refer to your textbook.
Type
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.
u.
v.
w.
x.
Bones
Intervertbral
Acromio-clavicular
Proximal radio-ulnar
Proximal tibio-fibular
Sterno-clavicular
Symphysis pubis
Metatarso-phalangeal
Atlanto-axial
Sacroiliac
Knee(patella/femur)
Maxilla-lacrimal
Interphalangeal
Intraphalangeal
Intercuniform
Hip
Middle ear
Tempro-mandibular
Coronal suture
Radio-carpal
Intercarpal
Ilio-ischial
Scapula-costal
Metaphyseal plate
Sterno-costal
4. Why won’t you get arthritis of the mandibulo-hyoid joint?
6. Consider each of the following four actions:

a. Sitting there reading and turning the pages of the book. First decide how you are holding the
book.
b. Getting a glass from the cupboard and filling it with water.
c. Reaching down to pick up a coin from the floor.
d. Walking with your leg in a cast because you have a broken patella.
For each of the above four actions, answer the following:
a. Which joints are involved?
b. What actions were accomplished?
c. Describe the mechanic involved?

What action or movement occurred at each joint?
a. Is there any other way this action could have happened?
b. Are any compensatory movements involved?
7. What is the difference between?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Extension and hyperextension
Eversion and inversion
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
Pronation and supination
Abduction and adduction
Lateral rotation and medial rotation
Protraction and retraction