one-celled organism
amoeba proteus
single-celled bacteria
of the type: E. coli
Cells
Structure, Function and
Organization
human red blood cell
plant cell from the leaf
of a poplar tree
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
• The levels of organization in complex organisms, including
most plants and animals, consist of cells, tissues, organs, and
organ systems.
Organization of living organisms
• system
• tissue
• Cell
• organ
What is a Cell?
• Cell is the basic unit of structure and
function in living things.
Function
• In complex
organism you
can find
different kinds
of cells.
• Each cell or
group of cells
has a specific
job.
Organization of living organisms
• system
• tissue
• organ
• Cell
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Tissue in the Human body
Tissue
• A group of similar cells that perform the
same function.
• The animal body has 4 types of tissue:
– Muscle
– Nerve
– Connective
– Epithelial
Muscle tissue
• It is a contractile
tissue of the body.
Contraction of the
muscle tissue functions
to make parts of the
body to move.
• The 3 types of muscle
tissue are cardiac,
smooth, and skeletal
Nerve tissue
• Directs and control the body.
• Carries messages back and
forth.
• Tissue is specialized to
react to stimuli and to
conduct impulses to
various organs in the body
which bring about a
response to the stimulus.
• Nerve tissue (as in the
brain, spinal cord and
peripheral nerves that branch
throughout the body) are all
made up of specialized nerve
cells called neurons
Brain???
Connective tissue
• Provide a framework,
protects tissues and
organs, connects all the
parts of the body and
support its structure.
• Specialized forms of
connective tissue.
– Cartilage and bone;
protect internal structures
and give support to the
body
– Fat; insulation
Epithelial tissue
• Membranous tissue
covering internal
organs and external
surfaces of the body.
• Functions:
– Protects
internal/external
structures
– Absorb or release
substances
Organization of living organisms
• system
• tissue
• organ
• Cell
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Organs
• Structure composed
by different kinds of
tissue and has an
specific function.
Organs
• Each organ is
part of a system!
Organization of living organisms
• system
• tissue
• organ
• Cell
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=1D3C
Organ system
bp
• Consist of organs that
interact physically,
chemically, or both to
perform a common
function.
• Functions
– maintain stable internal
conditions.
– acquire nutrients and raw
materials
– dispose of wastes
– protect the body against
injury and attack
– allow reproduction and
nourishment of young.
Organ system
Organ System
• We are going to learn about
eleven organ systems that
contribute to the survival of
the living cells of the
vertebrate body:
• Integumentary
• Muscular
• Skeletal
• Nervous
• Endocrine
• Circulatory
• Lymphatic
• Respiratory
• Digestive
• Urinary
• Reproductive
Rap of the systems
• Systems song
HOMEOSTASIS
• The organ systems in an organism work together to maintain
homeostasis- the process by which an organism’s internal
environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external
environment.
• Three examples of homeostasis are:
• Water Balance
• Maintaining Temperature
• Responding to Stimuli