Chapter 30 – Nonvertebrate Chordates, Fishes, and Amphibians Test
Name ________________________________________________ Date _____________________
______1. A flexible, supporting structure found only in chordates is the_
A._ nerve net._
B._ notochord._
C._ pharyngeal slits._
D._ dorsal fin._
______2. Vertebrae are characteristic of_
A._ worms._
B._ all chordates._
C._ vertebrates only._
D._ reptiles only._
______3. If an amphibian has no tail after it undergoes metamorphosis, it is probably a
A caecilian.
B frog.
C snake.
D salamander.
______4. A protective bony sternum is a structure found in
A bony fishes in particular.
B frogs and toads in particular.
C amphibians in general.
D fishes in general.
______5. An adaptation that was important in the evolution of early amphibians was
A dry skin when living on land.
B development of paired limbs.
C strong bones in limbs and limb girdles.
D reproduction and growth of larvae in water.
______6. Jaws and paired fins were important advances in the evolution of
A amphibians.
B fishes.
C cartilaginous fishes.
D predators on fishes.
______7. At some point in its life, a chordate has all of the following EXCEPT
A a pair of eyes.
B a notochord.
C a dorsal nerve cord.
D pharyngeal pouches.
______8. Fishes' adaptations to life in water include all of the following EXCEPT
A scale-covered skins.
B paired fins.
C internal gills.
D various feeding strategies.
______9. An organ or organs that amphibians use for gas exchange only as adults
is(are) the
A gills.
B skin.
C cecum.
D lungs.
______ 10. In most chordates, the function of the notochord is taken over by the
a. backbone
b. brain
c. nerves
d. pharynx
______ 11. The gill chambers of fish evolved from the
a. dorsal nerve cord
b. backbone
c. pharyngeal pouches
d. postanal tail
______ 12. A lancelet feeds by
a. pursuing and capturing small animals with its tentacles
b. sucking blood from the skin of a larger animal
c. digesting nutrients contained in the bottom sediments it swallows.
d. Filtering food particles from the water that passes through its pharynx
______ 13. Unlike adult lancelets, adult tunicates (sea squirts)
a. have segmented muscles in their tail
b. are radially symmetrical
c. lack a notochord and a tail
d. have a backbone to protect their spinal cord
______ 14. Fishes obtain the oxygen they need by absorbing it through their
a. kidneys
b. gills
c. skin
d. rectal gland
______ 15. Which of the following fish are jawless?
a. lamprey
b. shark
c. trout
d. catfish
______ 16. One characteristic of many lampreys but not of hagfishes is
a. a parasitic lifestyle
b. a bony skeleton
c. the absence of fins
d. the presence of jaws
______ 17. In a fish, the blood that leaves the heart goes first to the
a. kidneys
b. brain
c. muscles
d. gills
______ 18. The organ that adjusts the buoyancy of many bony fishes is the
a. swim bladder
b. gall bladder
c. urinary bladder
d. lungs
______ 19. Most frog eggs
a. are fertilized internally
b. b. have a shell around them
c. are surrounded by cell walls
d. are laid in water or in moist places
______ 20. The feet of most amphibians
a. are webbed
b. have claws
c. have eight toes
d. are like the fins of fish
______ 21. The part of frog’s heart that pumps blood to the lungs and the rest of the
body is the
a. ventricle
b. left atrium
c. right atrium
d. sinus venosus
______ 22. One factor that increases the chances of successful fertilization in frogs is
that
a. eggs can be fertilized by sperm of any frog species
b. the female produces a single egg
c. fertilization occurs internally
d. many eggs are produced
______ 23. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of all chordates?
a. hollow nerve cord
b. pharyngeal pouches
c. fins
d. notochord
______ 24. The term LEAST closely related to the others is
a. chordate
b. cerebrum
c. invertebrate
d. lancelet
______ 25. The evolution of jaws and paired fins was an important development
during the rise of
a. tunicates
b. lancelets
c. fishes
d. amphibians
______ 26. Most fishes exchange gases by pumping water from their mouths
a. through the pyloric ceca
b. over the gill filaments
c. through the esophagus
d. over the atrium
______ 27. In fishes, the part of the brain that coordinates body movements is the
a. olfactory lobe
b. cerebrum
c. cerebellum
d. optic lobe
______ 28. A species that lays eggs that develop outside of the mother’s body is
a. ovoviviparous
b. oviparous
c. viviparous
d. nonviparous
______ 29. Which of the following organisms is a cartilaginous fish?
a. trout
b. perch
c. sting ray
d. bass
______ 30. At the end of the large intestine of a frog is a muscular cavity called the
a. gallbladder
b. cloaca
c. pancreas
d. esophagus
______ 31. An adult amphibian’s heart typically has
a. one chamber
b. two chambers
c. three chambers
d. four chambers
______ 32. Each of the following serves as an organ of gas exchange in frogs, toads,
and many salamanders EXCEPT the
a. lungs
b. skin
c. mouth cavity
d. nictitating membrane
SHORT ANSWER
33. Describe what happens to the notochord in most developing vertebrates
34. Identify three feeding modes that are observed in fishes
35. What is a lateral line system? What does it enable a fish to do?
36. What is the function of a fish’s swim bladder?