Asa Powers
Final Project
The Crusades: Why the holy wars have raged through the ages.
Works Cited
MacEvitt, Christopher. The crusades and the Christian world of the East: rough tolerance. Philadelphia:
University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008. Print.
MacEvitt examines the vast differences between different cultures and religions during the tumultuous
times of the Crusades. Through what he calls "rough tolerance" these different peoples lived together
on tenuous terms.
Madden, Thomas F.. The new Concise history of the Crusades . Updated ed. Lanham, Md.: Rowman &
Littlefield : Distributed by National Book Network, 2005. Print.
Madden provides a compact but adequately detailed summary of the Crusades in this excellent book for
beginners to the historical subject. He also details how this varied and bloody history relates to
religiously motivated violence in today’s world.
Alkopher, Tal Dingott. "The Social (and Religious) Meanings that Constitute War: The Crusades as
Realpolitik vs. Socialpolitik." International Studies Quarterly 49.4 (2005): 715-738. Academic
Search Elite. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.
This article by Tal Dingott attempts to examine the idea of justifiable wars. With a focus on the
Crusades, it examines the various elements in involved such as social issues and religious dogma.
Christie, Niall. "Jerusalem in the Kitab Al-Jihad of 'Ali ibn Tahir Al-Sulami." Medieval Encounters 13.2
(2007): 209-221. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.
This article analyzes the text called the Kitab al-Jihad which what a response by Ali ibn Tahir al-Sulami to
the Frankish occupation of Jerusalem in 1099. The purpose of the article is to emphasize the importance
that al-Sulami held in the holy city of Jerusalem.
Cole, Penny J. "Christians, Muslims, and the `liberation' of the Holy Land." Catholic Historical Review 84.1
(1998): 1. Academic Search Elite. EBSCO. Web. 20 Nov. 2010.
This article is widely focused on various historical sources pertaining to the first Crusade. It offers a
selection of perspectives from different rungs of society of the time.
Halsall, Paul. "Medieval Sourcebook: The Crusades." FORDHAM.EDU. Fordham University, n.d. Web. 20
Nov. 2010. <http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1k.html#General>.
This is a site that provides a comprehensive look at the Crusades and offers several links to other
resources. It seems to be a part of Mr. Halsall’s Internet History Sourcebooks Project.
Hillenbrand, Carole. The crusades: Islamic perspectives. Repr. with corr. ed. Edinburgh: Edinburgh
University Press, 20061999. Print.
As the title suggests, this book offers a look at the Crusades from the Islamic perspective. It is a view not
often explored in western culture.
Smith, Jonathan Simon Christopher. The crusades: a history. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press,
2005. Print.
Smith provides a good overall history of the Crusades in his book. It provides indepth analysis of major
events and covers every major conflict both those well known and lesser known.